Post on 10-Aug-2020
transcript
E d i s o n J u l e a uN a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n s A n dI n f o r m a t i o n A g e n c yO f f i c e o f S p e c t r u m M a n a g e m e n tS p e c t r u m E n g i n e e r i n g A n a l y s i s D i v i s i o n
2 0 2 - 4 8 2 - 1 6 9 4
e j u l e a u @ n t i a . g o v
Spectrum Management Land Mobile Radios
What is Land Mobile Radio (LMR) LMR applications LMR spectrum LMR technologies LMR spectrum management LMR challenges/Future of LMR
10/11/20192
OVERVIEW
LMR: communication tools used by an entity to perform the mission. “PLMRS”
“LMR-not”: communications is the end product. (AT&T, VERIZON, DIGICEL) “CMRS”
10/11/20193
What is LMR?
PLMRS: Private Land Mobile Radio ServicesCMRS: Commercial Land Mobile Radio Services
Terrestrial (Land-based/Mobile) Mission critical communications Dedicated/proprietary/private
customized radio systems One-to-many Push to talk/no dialing Listen-then-Talk Licensed spectrum/unencumbered
10/11/20194
What is LMR?
10/11/20195
What is LMR? LMR in the past
10/11/20196
What is LMR ? LMR now
Public Safety/Non Public Safety Military Transportation Utilities Security Manufacturing
Emergency Operations Storms/Earthquake/Tornados ….FEMA
10/11/20197
What is LMR? LMR Applications
LMR SPECTRUM
10/11/20198
LMR Spectrum
10/11/20199
25-900 MHz (VHF/UHF)
2.6/4.9 GHz and Others - Military
LMR Spectrum
LMR Bands (US)
30-50 Shared 150.8-162 Non-Government 162-174 Shared 406.1-420 U.S. Government 450-470 Non-Government 470-512 Non-Government 800-900 Non-Government
10/11/201910
FREQ (MHz) U.S. Allocations
LMR Spectrum
US LMR Bands and Allocations
Propagation Characteristics Size of Country Range Frequency Re-use Terrain/Vegetation Climate Urbanization Noise Variation over Frequency
10/11/201911
LMR Spectrum Properties to consider for LMR
10/11/201912
Conventional
Legacy FM/Analog Radios
Trunked
Newer Technology (Digital) FDMA/TDMA Technologies
LMR Technology
FDMA: Frequency Division Multiple AccessTDMA: Time Division Multiple Access
10/11/201913
Equipment: Repeater/Base Station Mobile Portable
Operations: Half Duplex Full Duplex Simplex
LMR Technology
Conventional/Trunked
10/11/201914
LMR Technology Conventional LMR
LMR Half Duplex Operations
F1
F2F1F2
RepeaterBase Station
Mobile User
Portable
10/11/201915
LMR Technology Conventional LMR
Base Station
LMR Half DuplexOperations
Dispatch Center
F1
F2
10/11/201916
LMR Technology Conventional LMR
LMR Simplex Operations
F1F1
F1
10/11/201917
LMR Technology
* Source: GAO/DHS
Conventional LMR (multiple towers)
Simplex operations 25-50 MHz, 150-174 MHz
Duplex operations 450-470 MHz 800 MHz
Satellite Simulcast
10/11/201918
LMR Technology
CONVENTIONAL LMR Operations
10/11/201919
Pros Works/Simple/Still in Use! Low cost Multi-Sites Analog
Cons Limited Privacy Restricted/Rigid Architecture Dedicated Frequencies Inefficient (spectrally)
LMR Technology
Conventional Network
10/11/201920
LMR Technology Trunking LMR
“automation”
Base Station
F1
F2
System Monitoring Network Management
Central Controller Master Site
Portables
Mobiles
Repeater
10/11/201921
Backbone Network
BS
System Monitoring Network Management
BS BS BS
Central Controller Master Site
Mobiles
Portables
LMR Technology Trunked Network
10/11/201922
RF SubSystem (RFSS)
RF SubSystem (RFSS)
Inter RF SubSystem Interface (ISSI)
Base station or fixed station
Base station or fixed station
Base station or fixed station
Fixed Station Interface
ConsoleConsole
Console Interface
Common Air Interface
Mobile and portable radios
Data Network Interface
Subscriber data peripheral interface
Public Switched Telephone NetworkTelephone
Interconnect Interface
Network ManagementNetwork Management Interface
Backhaul
LMR Technology
Trunked Network
10/11/201923
Pros Scalable Interoperability Higher Capacity Efficiency (spectrum) Security More Services (digital) PSTN (Land Line Connection)
Cons Costly More Complex Digital
LMR Technology
Trunked Network
10/11/201924
Service Counter Service Counter
Service Employee (Freq)
Customer (LMR user)
Conventional Trunked
Trunked vs. Conventional Network
LMR Technology
10/11/201925
P25 (APCO) TETRA TETRAPOL DMR iDEN
Trunking StandardsLMR Technology
APCO: Association of Public safety Communications OfficialsTETRA: TErrestrial Trunked RAdiosDMR: Digital Mobile RadiosiDEN: integrated Enhanced Digital NetworkTETRAPOL: TETRA Police
10/11/201926
Interoperability Encryption Multi-source vendors FDMA /TDMA Simulcast High Data Speeds (up to 28.8 kbps) Applications
P25/TETRA Standards
LMR Technology
Available Spectrum Technological Advances Promote Spectrum Efficiency Public Safety Long Term Planning for LMR
10/11/201927
Mission
LMR Spectrum Management
Allocate LMR Spectrum LMR Band Plans LMR Regulations
(Standards/Emission masks interference tools, freq. assignment)
Border Coordination
10/11/201928
Functions
LMR Spectrum Management
10/11/201929
LMR Spectrum Management LMR Border Coordination
10/11/201930
47 CFR Part 90 NTIA Manual (Chapter 5) NTIA LMR Reports FCC/OET Reports TIA TSB 88
LMR Spectrum Management
LMR Spectrum Regulations (US)
10/11/201931
Spectrum XXI ATDI Annex I ITM - Propagation Longley Rice
LMR Spectrum Management
LMR - Computer tools (US)
LMR Regulations -Technical Specifications
10/11/201932
Frequencies Power Antenna Gain Channel Spacing Range- radius of operations OOB/Spurious emissions Grade of Service (GoS) Safety and health issues
LMR Spectrum Management
10/11/201933
Spectrum Congestion Migration to 6.25 kHz voice/data
channels! 2.6/4.9 GHz LMR Software Defined Radios Standardization (P25) Satellite services
LMR CHALLENGES
Going Forward
LMR continues to be relevant in spectrum management
More licensed spectrum for LMR Final Phase of Trunking STDs
(P25/TETRA…etc.) US FirstNet
10/11/201934
Going Forward
Nationwide LTE Wireless Network for First Responders (Public Safety)
20 MHz (700 MHz Band)“D Block” (758-763 MHz/788-793 MHz) (769-775 MHz)/799-805 MHz)
3GPP Architecture 4G LTE Deployment started (2018)
10/11/201935
Going Forward
FirstNet: First Responder Network Authority
10/11/201936
Going Forward
LMR Fixed BW Channels/Throughput Pre-Configured Channels
(12.5/6.25 kHz) Localized (geographically) Does Not Support Data
10/11/201937
Going ForwardLMR
FirstNet
10/11/201938
FirstNet Devices Going Forward
10/11/201939
Private/Control Immediacy Reliability/Availability Coverage Standardization/interoperable Multibillion $$$ Industry !!!
Summary LMR not going away
10/11/201940
www.fcc.govwww.tiaonline.orgwww.etsi.orgwww.npstc.orgwww.ntia.doc.gov
NTIA Report 08-451NTIA Report 05-452NTIA Report 07-447NTIA Report 06-440
References/Resources/Links
10/11/201941
Thank you
Questions ???
10/11/201942
EXTRA SLIDES
10/11/201943
LMR Spectrum
10/11/201944
LMR Band Plans (406.1-420 MHz)LMR Spectrum Management
10/11/201945
Frequency(MHz)
30 50 160 450 900
Re-use Distance (km)
225 200 177 160 145
LMR Spectrum
* Based on HAAT/ERP
Frequency Re-use