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Spring TestingMattias Severson

Agenda

• Basic Spring Testing

• Embedded Database

• Transactions

• Profiles

• Controller Tests

• Server Integration Tests

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3

Mattias

Bank App

4

AccountService

BankController

ImmutableAccount

AccountEntityAccountRepository

5

Architecture

Basics

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jUnit Test

public class AccountServiceTest {

AccountService aService;

@Before public void setUp() { aService = new AccountServiceImpl(); }

@Test public void testDoSomething() { aService.doSomething(); // verify ... }}

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public class AccountServiceTest {

@Autowired AccountService aService;

@Test public void testDoSomething() { aService.doSomething(); // verify ... }}

@Autowired

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@ContextConfiguration("/application-context.xml")public class AccountServiceTest {

@Autowired AccountService aService;

@Test public void testDoSomething() { aService.doSomething(); // verify ... }}

public class AccountServiceTest {

@Autowired AccountService aService;

@Test public void testDoSomething() { aService.doSomething(); // verify ... }}

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@ContextConfiguration

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration("/application-context.xml")public class AccountServiceTest {

@Autowired AccountService aService;

@Test public void testDoSomething() { aService.doSomething(); // verify ... }}

@ContextConfiguration("/application-context.xml")public class AccountServiceTest {

@Autowired AccountService aService;

@Test public void testDoSomething() { aService.doSomething(); // verify ... }}

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SpringJUnit4ClassRunner

• Caches ApplicationContext –static memory–unique context configuration–within the same test suite

• All tests execute in the same JVM

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@ContextConfiguration

• @Before / @After–Mockito.reset(mockObject)–EasyMock.reset(mockObject)

• @DirtiesContext

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Mocked Beans

Embedded DB

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AccountRepository AccountEntity

XML Config

<jdbc:embedded-database id="dataSource" type="HSQL"> <jdbc:script location="classpath:db-schema.sql"/> <jdbc:script location="classpath:db-test-data.sql"/></jdbc:embedded-database>

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Java Config

@Configurationpublic class EmbeddedDbConfig {

@Bean public DataSource dataSource() { return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder() .setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.HSQL) .addScript(“classpath:db-schema.sql”) .addScript(“classpath:db-test-data.sql”) .build(); }}

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Demo

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Transactions

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Tx Test

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration("/application-context.xml")public class AccountServiceTest {

@Test public void testDoSomething() { // call DB }

}

@Transactional

@Test public void testDoSomething() { // call DB }

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Tx Annotations

• @TransactionConfiguration

• @BeforeTransaction

• @AfterTransaction

• @Rollback

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Avoid False Positives

• Always flush() before validation!

–JPA • entityManager.flush();

–Hibernate• sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().flush();

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Demo

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No Transactions?

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration("...")public class AccountRepositoryTest {

@Autowired AccountRepository accountRepo;

@Before public void setUp() { accountRepo.deleteAll(); accountRepo.save(testData); }}

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Spring Profiles

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XML Profiles

<beans ...>

<bean id="dataSource"> <!-- Test data source --> </bean>

<bean id="dataSource"> <!-- Production data source --> </bean>

</beans>

<beans profile="testProfile">

</beans>

<beans profile="prodProfile">

</beans>

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Java Config Profile

@Configurationpublic class EmbeddedDbConfig {

@Bean public DataSource dataSource() { return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder(). // ... }}

@Profile(“testProfile”)

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Component Profile

@Componentpublic class SomeClass implements SomeInterface {

}

@Profile(“testProfile”)

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Tests and Profiles

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(“/application-context.xml”)public class SomeTest {

@Autowired SomeClass someClass;

@Test public void testSomething() { ... }}

@ActiveProfiles("testProfile")

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Demo

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AccountRepository AccountEntity

AccountService ImmutableAccount

web.xml

<web-app ...>

<listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener>

</web-app>

<context-param> <param-name>spring.profiles.active</param-name> <param-value>someProfile</param-value> </context-param>

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ApplicationContext

AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();ctx.getEnvironment().setActiveProfiles("someProfile");ctx.register(SomeConfig.class);ctx.scan("com.jayway.demo");ctx.refresh();

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Env Property

System.getProperty(“spring.profiles.active”);

mvn -Dspring.profiles.active=testProfile

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Default Profiles

ctx.getEnvironment().setDefaultProfiles("...");

System.getProperty("spring.profiles.default");

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<context-param> <param-name>spring.profiles.default</param-name> <param-value>defaultProfile</param-value></context-param>

<beans profile="default"> <!-- default beans --></beans>

@Profile("default")

Profile Alternatives

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• .properties

• Maven Profile

Test Controller AccountRepository

AccountService

AccountEntity

ImmutableAccount

BankController

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Spring MVC Test Framework

• Call Controllers through DispatcherServlet

• MockHttpServletRequest• MockHttpServletResponse

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MockMvc

MockMvc mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders .standaloneSetup(new BankController()) .build();

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MockMvc mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders .standaloneSetup(new BankController()) .setMessageConverters(...) .setValidator(...) .setConversionService(...) .addInterceptors(...) .setViewResolvers(...) .setLocaleResolver(...) .addFilter(...) .build();

Assertions

mockMvc.perform(get("/url") .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)) .andExpect(response().status().isOk()) .andExpect(content().contentType(“MediaType.APPLICATION_XML”)) .andExpect(xpath(“key”).string(“value”)) .andExpect(redirectedUrl(“url”)) .andExpect(model().attribute(“name”, value));

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@WebAppConfiguration

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration("/application-context.xml")@WebAppConfigurationpublic class WebApplicationTest {

@Autowired WebApplicationContext wac;

MockMvc mockMvc;

@Before public void setup() { mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders .webAppContextSetup(wac) .build(); }

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Demo

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Testing Views

• Supported templates–JSON–XML–Velocity–Thymeleaf

• Except JSP

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Server Integration Tests

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appCtx

Spring Integration Test

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Embedded DB

txMngr

test

dataSrc

App Server

appCtx

Server Integration Test

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Embedded DB

txMngr

test

dataSrc

HTTP

App Server

App Server

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appCtx

DB

txMngrdataSrc

testAppCtx

dataSrc

testHTTP

jetty-maven-plugin<executions> <execution> <id>start-jetty</id> <phase>pre-integration-test</phase> <goals> <goal>run</goal> </goals> </execution> <execution> <id>stop-jetty</id> <phase>post-integration-test</phase> <goals> <goal>stop</goal> </goals> </execution></executions>

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maven-failsafe-plugin

**/IT*.java**/*IT.java**/*ITCase.java

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Test RESTful API

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• RestTemplate• Selenium• HttpClient• ...

REST Assured

@Test public void shouldGetSingleAccount() { expect(). statusCode(HttpStatus.SC_OK). contentType(ContentType.JSON). body("accountNumber", is(1)). body("balance", is(100)). when(). get("/account/1"); }

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Demo

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Questions?

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@mattiasseverson

http://blog.jayway.com/author/mattiasseverson/