Subordinate Categorization Requires Conscious Awareness Ido Amihai, Leon Deouell, and Shlomo Bentin.

Post on 04-Jan-2016

213 views 0 download

Tags:

transcript

Subordinate Categorization Requires Conscious Awareness

Ido Amihai, Leon Deouell, and Shlomo Bentin

Introduction• Faces can be

discriminated from other objects, even when they are not consciously visible

• However, it is not

clear which type of subordinate information is processed (identity? Race? Gender? Expression? Just categorical?)

Morris, J.P., Pelphrey, K.A. & McCarthy, G. (2007). Processing without awareness in the right fusiform gyrus. Neuropsychologia

Methods: Gender and Race Adaptation (Webster, Kaping, Mizokami & Kuhamel, 2004)

Adaptor (male/female) Target (unclear gender)

Adaptation effect = (%adaptor and target were incongruent ) - (%adaptor and target were congruent)

MethodsFemale male

Asian European

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

CFS (invisible)

No CFS (visible)

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

Dominant

Methods

Gender

Race

Non Dominant

Methods

1000 / 2500 / 4000 / 5000 ms

300ms (ISI)

Dominant

300ms (ISI)

Methods

300ms (ISI)

Dominant

300ms (ISI)

Methods

Predictions

• The occurrence of a bias when the adaptor is invisible would indicate that information about gender and race can be extracted from invisible faces.

• If the bias would occur only when the adaptors are visible, it would mean that such information is dependent on conscious awareness.

Results

**

*

* **

The Correlation between effect size and visibility

p = 0.12 p < 0.025

Summary

• The goal of the present study was to determine whether information about race and gender can be processed without awareness.

• We examined whether the presentation of adaptor faces can bias the classification of an ambiguous face’s gender or race when the adaptor is not consciously visible.

Conclusions

• An adaptation effect occurred that correlates and increases with subjective visibility.

• Information about a faces gender and race depends on the amount of time that a face is subjectively visible for.