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Technologies for Semantic Interoperability in SOA Technologies for Semantic Interoperability in SOA Systems: Agent TechnologiesSystems: Agent Technologies
Dr. Klaus Fischer
Multiagent Systems GroupDFKI GmbH
Saarbrücken, Germany
ICAART 2011 1
OverviewOverview
• Context at DFKI• Context at DFKI• An MDA Approach to Agent Design
– Origins in the ATHENA ProjectOrigins in the ATHENA Project– Platform Independent Models for SOA– A Platform-Independent Metamodel for p
Agents and Multiagent Systems• Agent Interaction• Model Transformation• Semantic Services
A t i Vi t l W ld• Agents in Virtual Worlds• Conclusion
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DFKI is Situated at Three SitesDFKI is Situated at Three Sites
Bremen
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Autonomous Agents in Physical andAutonomous Agents in Physical andVirtual WorldsVirtual Worlds
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Virtual Enterprises, eVirtual Enterprises, e--Business andBusiness andSupply Chain ManagementSupply Chain Management
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ATHENA: Structure & DomainsATHENA: Structure & Domains
Business
InBusBusiness
Level
teropsiness
KnowledgeLevel
perabi Appli
Service-OrientedArchitectureModel-DrivenICT
lity ofcationModel Driven
ArchitectureLevel
fns
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ATHENA Reference ModelATHENA Reference Model
Enterprise System B(MDD Abstraction)
Computational IndependentSemantic
Enterprise System A(MDD Abstraction)
Computational IndependentSemantic
Ontologies
Model-DrivenArchitecture (MDA)&Architecture-Driven
Computational IndependentModel (CIM)
Annotation
MTOntologies
Model-DrivenArchitecture (MDA)&Architecture-Driven
Computational IndependentModel (CIM)
Annotation
MT
ReferenceOntology
InteroperabilityModernisation (ADM)
Platform IndependentModel (PIM)
SemanticAnnotation
Modernisation (ADM)
Platform IndependentModel (PIM)
SemanticAnnotation ra
tion
p yPatterns
Architecture-DrivenModernisation (ADM)
Model-DrivenArchitecture (MDA)
MT
Architecture-DrivenModernisation (ADM)
Model-DrivenArchitecture (MDA)
MT Horizontal Integration
cal
In
teg
MI
Execution Platform B
Platform SpecificModel (PSM)
SemanticAnnotation
Execution Platform A
Platform SpecificModel (PSM)
SemanticAnnotation
Vert
ic
Computational System B
MT
Computational System A
MT MI
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MT Model TransformationMT Model Transformation MI Model Interoperability
An MDA Aproach to ServiceAn MDA Aproach to Service--Oriented Architectures (SOA)Oriented Architectures (SOA)( )( )
BusinessModel ServiceModel
PlatformDependent
ImplementatiBusinessModel ServiceModel
PlatformDependent
Implementati
Enterprise Model
Model ponModels
PIMCIM PSM
Model ponModels
PIMCIM PSM
E t i M d l t PIM S ifi ti
POP*
Platform Independent Model for Service Oriented Architecture metamodel
Information S i P Q S
UML Profile for SOA• Information• Service
Enterprise Model to PIM Specification
InformationModel
ServiceModel
ProcessModel
QoSModel
PIM Specification to PSM Specification
Service• Process• QoS
Platform Specific Model
MessageModel
InterfaceModel
CompositionModel
Security, QoSModel
UML Profile for Web S.UML Profile for Agents?UML Profile for BPEL?UML Profile for P2P?
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PIM4SOA: 4 Views to System PIM4SOA: 4 Views to System DesignDesign
Metamodel for (software) services Metamodel for (automated software) processes
Metamodel for information Metamodel for quality of service (QoS)
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Platform Independent Model for Platform Independent Model for Agents (PIM4Agents)Agents (PIM4Agents)g ( g )g ( g )
PIM4Agents is structured into several aspects each focusing on a specific viewpoint of a MAS:p S• Agent aspect describes single autonomous entities, the capabilities
they have to solve tasks and their roles they play within the MASO i i d ib h i l i i • Organization aspect describes how single autonomous entities cooperate within the MAS and how complex organizational structures can be defined
• Interaction aspect describes how the interaction between autonomous entities or organizations takes place Behavioral aspect describes how plans are composed by complex • Behavioral aspect describes how plans are composed by complex control structures and simple atomic tasks
• Role aspect covers feasible specializations and how they could be related to each other
• Environment aspect contains any kind of resource that is dynamically created shared or used by agents or organizationscreated, shared, or used by agents or organizations
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Multiagent System ViewMultiagent System View
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Agent ViewAgent View
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Organization ViewOrganization View
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Interaction ViewInteraction View
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Specification of Domain Specific Specification of Domain Specific Modeling Languages (DSML)Modeling Languages (DSML)g g g ( )g g g ( )
L = < C A S M M >
Ab t tConcepts
L = < C, A, S, MS, MC>
MAbstractSyntax
A
SemanticDomain
SSemantics
RelationsWell formed-nessrules
Mathematical abstraction for specifying the meaning of models
MS
ConcreteSyntax Notation for
representing models
MC
Crepresenting models
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Concrete Syntax Concrete Syntax -- Graphical EditorGraphical Editor
• Graphical editor is based on the Graphical Modeling F k (GMF) f E liFramework (GMF) of Eclipse
• GMF is based on Ecore• Abstracts syntax is mapped• Abstracts syntax is mapped
to concrete syntax• Semantics defined with
Object-Z is transformed toOCL constraints
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Alternating Concession ProtocolAlternating Concession Protocol
BuyerSeller
SSSB
RS RB
Summer School,Aachen 19 Oct. 2010
17
Alternating Concession Protocol Alternating Concession Protocol (Pim4Agents)(Pim4Agents)
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Communication PatternsCommunication Patterns
content
content
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FIPA’s Contract Net SpecificationFIPA’s Contract Net Specification
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Contract Net Protocol (PIM4Agents)Contract Net Protocol (PIM4Agents)
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PIM4Agents PIM4Agents Model Model toto Model Model TransformationTransformation
Ecore
conforms to conforms tof t
PIM4Agentsmeta-model
JackMMmeta-model
ATL/Qvt
conforms to
PIM4Agentsmeta-modelmeta-model meta-model
conforms to
conforms to
conforms to
meta-model
PIM4Agents
conforms to conforms to
JackMMModel
PIM4Agentsmodel
is transformed into PIM4Agentsmodel
PIM4Agentsmodel
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Model Transformations with Model Transformations with QvtQvt
helper pim4agents::interaction::Actor::collectMsfs () : Set(pim4agents::interaction::MessageFlow) {var res : Set(pim4agents::interaction::MessageFlow);
lf i Sres := self.activeState;self.subactor->forEach(a) {
res := res->union(a.collectMsfs());};};return res
}
mapping P4A::interaction::Actor::toDomainRole(p : pim4agents::interaction::Protocol) : P4A::role::DomainRole{
var msf : Set(pim4agents::interaction::MessageFlow) := self.collectMsfs();var rmsf : Set(pim4agents::interaction::MessageFlow) :=
msf -> select(d|d.isInitialMessageFlow or((d.forkOperator <> null) and (d.MsfSuccessors(msf)->size() > 0)));
name := 'Role' + self.name;providesCapability := rmsf.map toCapability(msf,rmsf);
}
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PIM4Agents PIM4Agents toto Jack/Jade Jack/Jade TransformationTransformation
PIM4Agents PIM4Agents
JACK JADEOJACK JADEOrgs
gCode Agent.java Agent.java Agent.java
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PIM4Agents PIM4Agents toto JadexJadex TransformationTransformation
PIM4Agents model Information model
Information model
ref
modelmodel
QVT transformation
Application Jadexagent
Jadexcapability
Xpand transformation
model agent model
capabilitymodel
EMF Serialization
Agent.xmlApplication.xml Capability.xml Plan.java Object.java
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ModelModel--Driven Service CompositionDriven Service Composition
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Integration with Semantic ServicesIntegration with Semantic Services
Process Orchestrator Agent
in SAWSDL
Semantic Web services
in WSML
JADE
JACK
in OWL-S
JADE
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Integration with Semantic ServicesIntegration with Semantic Services
Process Orchestrator Agent Semantic Web services
in WSML
in SAWSDL
g Semantic Web services
in OWL-S
in WSML
Service request
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Integration with Semantic ServicesIntegration with Semantic Services
Process Orchestrator Agent Semantic Web servicesg
in WSML
in SAWSDL
Semantic Web services
?
in OWL-S
in WSML
??
1 2 3 in OWL S1 2 3
Service selection
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Collaborative Collaborative ModellingModelling
Protocool Organization
ModelR it
ModelRepository
ProtocoolMetamodel
OrganizationMetamodel
RepositoryInteractionProtocols
p yOrganiza-
tionalStructures
PIM4Agents
PIM4AgentsMetamodel
conformsto
gModel
Instance
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Specializing Metamodels
General MASMAS
Metamodel
BDIAgents
BelievableAgents
Hardware Agents
JadexAgents
JackAgents
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3DInternet & Real3DInternet & Real--time time RaytracingRaytracing
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ISReal Platform: ComponentsISReal Platform: Components
Semantic World ModelGlobal ontology
(3D scene semantics)
Global SemanticsNative XML3D ImplementationsGraphics
Semantic‐enrichedXML3D scene graphs
Semantic services(3D object functions)
XML3D scene handler (RTSG‐2)
Rendering: OpenGL; RTFactProgrammable shaders (AnySL)
3D Avatar
Agents
Programmable shaders (AnySL)JScripts (Animation, Sensors, etc.)
Hybrid automata store(3D Object, Interaction, Control)
Intelligent Agent
• Perception
(Appearance, Movement) Verification
Automata composition
Verifier HAVLE
Perception• Ontology & Services• Planning ISReal 1.1
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Nesbigall, Kapahnke, Warwas, Liedtke, Klusch: Proc. International Semantic Web Conference, 2010
ISReal Platform: SingleISReal Platform: Single‐‐User ArchitectureUser Architecture
ISReal 1.1 Client ISReal 1.1 Server
• Object semanticsA t d
• Object semanticsA t d
DOM +
• Avatar commands• Avatar commandsRendererRenderer .xml3dWeb Server
DOM +XML3D sg
xml3d
RTSG2RTSG2 Semantics
Ont
JScript Engine• Animations• Obj Change
.xml3d
Agents
Serv
Ont
• Obj Change• Sensors• C/S Com
Graphics Agents
Plans
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ConclusionConclusion
Modeling is a hot topic for the near futureg p• in general for software engineering• but especially for agent-based systemsp y g y
Collaborative modeling should be supportedAccepted metamodels form the basis for pestablishing model repositories
Definition of semantics is a challenge!How do logic formalisms like (OWL, OWL-S, g (WSMO, …) and UML-style model descriptions relate to each other?
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Acknowledgements to the MAS groupAcknowledgements to the MAS group
Heads: Dr. Klaus Fischer, Prof. Dr. Matthias Klusch,
Esteban Leon Ingo Zinnikus
Martin Vasileski Stefan Warwas
Patrick Kapahnke Xiaoqi CaoPatrick Kapahnke Xiaoqi Cao
F G M bChristian Hahn Cristián Madrigal
Former Group Members:
Stefan Nesbigall Sven Jacobi
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