TEKNOLOGI PENGENDALIAN EMISI

( 2 SKS)

Jurusan Teknik Sistem Perkapalan

ITS Surabaya

IMO RegulationIMO Regulation (MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI)

RegulationRegulation

International Maritime Organization (IMO) is an agency of the United Nations which has been formed to promote maritime safety. It was formally established by an international conference in Geneva in 1948, and became active in 1958 when the IMO Convention entered into force (the original name was the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization, or IMCO, but the name was changed in 1982 to IMO)

IMO ship pollution rules are contained in the “International Convention on the Prevention of Pollution from Ships”, known as MARPOL 73/78. On 27 September 1997, the MARPOL Convention has been amended by the “1997 Protocol”, which includes Annex VI titled “Regulations for the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships”. MARPOL Annex VI sets limits on NOx and sulfur oxide emissions from ship exhausts, and prohibits deliberate emissions of ozone depleting substances.

Type 4S60MC 5S60MC 6S60MC 7S60MC 8S60MC

Cylinder No. 4 5 6 7 8

Nominal MCR at105 RPM

8160 kW 10200 kW 12240 kW 14280 kW 16320 kW

Total length 6.90 m 8.00 m 9.00 m 10.10 m 11.20 m

Total height 11.25 m 11.55 m 12.05 m 12.25 m 12.55 m

Total width 8.10 m 8.10 m 8.10 m 8.60 m 8.60 m

Exhaust gas Flow77300 kg/h 96600 kg/h 115900 kg/h 135200 kg/h 154600 kg/h

109552 m3/h 136905 m3/h 164257 m3/h 191610 m3/h 219104 m3/h

NOx* 1500 ppm 1500 ppm 1500 ppm 1500 ppm 1500 ppm

SOx* 600 ppm 600 ppm 600 ppm 600 ppm 600 ppm

PM*0.12 g/m3 0.12 g/m3 0.12 g/m3 0.12 g/m3 0.12 g/m3

1.61 g/kWh 1.61 g/kWh 1.61 g/kWh 1.61 g/kWh 1.61 g/kWh

Specifications of MAN B&W S60MC typesSpecifications of MAN B&W S60MC types

Conversion Factor

Tier Date NOx Limit, g/kWh

n < 130 130 < n < 2000 n > 2000

Tier I 2000 17.0 45 x n-0.2 9.8

Tier II 2011 14.4 44 x n-0.23 7.7

Tier III 2016* 3.4 9 x n-0.2 1.96

*In NOx Emission Control Areas (Tier II standards apply outside ECAs)

Ships must fit an exhaust gas cleaning system or use any other technological method to limit SOx emissions to ≤ 6 g/kWh (as SO2 mass).

Baltic Sea

North Sea

RegulationRegulation

PM Emission Regulation

19881990

1991

199419982004

2 4 6 8 10

0.2

0.4

0.6

NOx ( g/bhp-hr )

PM

( g

/bhp

-hr

)

2007

0.2

0.01

Challenge

Reduction MethodsReduction Methods

Primary MethodsPrimary Methods

1. Fuel Substitution(High grade fuel, water emulsion, water injection)

2. Combustion Modification(Injection timing retard,

modified injector, Miller system, EGR)

Secondary MethodsSecondary Methods

SCRSeawater Scrubber

etc.

S O

HC

HC

CH

CHS

H S R

R S R

S S RR

mercaptanes

sulphides

bisulphides

thiophene

thiopyrone

MDOMarine Diesel Oil

HFOHeavy Fuel Oil

Berat jenis (kg/m3) 865.8 970.1

Kekentalan (cst pada 50oC)

2.661 123.2

Titik nyala (oC) 65 100.0

Titik tuang (oC) -22.5 -12.5

Carbon Residu (%mass) 0.46 11.63

Ash (%mass) <0.001 0.03

Belerang (%mass) 0.102 2.17

Nilai kalor (MJ/kg) 40 42

Spesifikasi Bahan BakarSpesifikasi Bahan Bakar

LIFAC : Limestones Injection into the Furnace and Activation of unreacted Calcium