Post on 30-Dec-2015
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Test Format
• 28 Multiple Choice Questions (1.5 points each)• 3 Matching sections– Memory Check Revisited (Combination of the two
sides into 1, 18 questions each word used once)– Phases of Mitosis (6 phases used once)– Campaign Posters (24 cell types, each used once)
• 4 Short Answer Questions
Unit 2 Review
The Game Board
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1
• When analyzing a specimen under a microscope, why do we stain the specimen?
Answer: Most cell parts appear clear under the bright light of a microscope. Staining them gives them color and therefore makes it easier to see. BACK
2• When a chromosome copies itself, the copy is
referred to by this “relative” term.
Answer: sisterBACK
3
• This membrane junction are impermeable junctions that bind cells together into leakproof sheets?
Answer: tight junctions BACK
4• This is a nonfunctioning unit in a cell.
Answer: inclusion.BACK
5• This type of tissue is also known as fat, and it
used to insulate the body and protect it from extreme conditions.
Answer: Adipose TissueBACK
6• This is another name for a red blood cell.
Answer: erthrocyteBACK
BACK
7• Describe what happens during diffusion.
Answer: Substances move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentrations until eventually there is an equal concentration in all areas.
8• When analyzing a specimen under a
microscope, why must the sample be very thin?
Answer: This is to allow light to pass through the sample and to allow only one layer of cells to be observed at a time BACK
9• In this phase, chromosomes appear as
threadlike coils at the start, but each chromosome is copied by the end.
Answer: interphaseBACK
10• This is the process in which a pressure
gradient actually pushes a solute containing fluid from a higher pressure to a lower pressure.
Answer: filtrationBACK
11• This refers to when a cell moves a large
amount of substances out of the cell
Answer: exocytosisBACK
12
• What occurs if a solution is hypotonic and a cell was placed into it?
BACKAnswer: The cell would swell and possibly rupture
13• This is the process during protein synthesis
when the DNA is copied by RNA.
Answer: transcriptionBACK
14• This type of tissue is made up of connective
tissue sheets that attach to the body’s skeleton and help the body with movement by contracting.
Answer: skeletal muscleBACK
15• This type of connective tissue forms the
cushionlike disks between the vertebrae.
Answer: fibrocartilageBACK
16• This attaches skeletal muscles to bones.
Answer: tendonsBACK
17
• This is also known as osseous tissue.
BACKAnswer: bone
18• This word mean one layer of cells.
Answer: simpleBACK
19• In this phase, centrioles appear and begin to
move to opposite ends of the cell while spindle fibers forms between the poles.
Answer: prophaseBACK
20• In a homogenous mixture, this is the
substance that dissolves the other material.
Answer: solventBACK
21• What type of
cell, which fights diseases, is this?
Answer: macrophage BACK
22• This broad type of tissue if used for support.
Answer: connectiveBACK
23
• This type of tissue consists of several layers of cells that have a flattened shape and are found in sites that receive a good deal of abuse and friction, such as the esophagus, the mouth, and the outer portion of the skin.
Answer: stratified squamous epithelium BACK
24• In this phase, chromatids attach to the spindle
fibers.
Answer: metaphaseBACK
25• Give two examples of tissues undergoing the aging
process and what happens to the tissue as it ages.
BACK
Answer: epithelial membranes lose their elasticity and began to sagWe begin to “dry out” as exocrine glands become less activeEndocrine glands produce less hormones so the body processes they control become less effectiveBones become porous and weakerMuscles begin to atrophy (deteriorate)
26• This refers specifically to when liquid material
is taken into the cell.
Answer: pinocytosisBACK
27
• This broad type of tissue is used for control.
BACKAnswer: nervous
28
• What is area O called
Answer: Mitochondria BACK
29• What occurs if a solution is hypertonic and a
cell was placed into it?
Answer: it would shrinkBACK
30• This type of tissue help to insulate and protect
the delicate neurons.
Answer: Supporting cells of the nervous tissue BACK
31• In this phase, chromatids separate and begin
to move to opposite ends of the cell.
Answer: anaphaseBACK
32• What is inflammation and how does it help
the healing process.
Answer: A swelling of a tissue. It is used by the body to keep the injured area from moving and thus prevents further damage BACK
33• This is a fragile, transparent barrier that
consists of two lipid layers arrange “tail to tail”
Answer: plasma membraneBACK
34• small, dark-staining round body where
ribosomes are assembled
Answer: nucleolusBACK
35• This is what the fluid inside the cell is referred
to.
Answer: intracellular fluidBACK
36• These detoxify the cell of poisonous materials
and deactivate free radicals using oxidase enzymes.
Answer: peroxisomesBACK
37
• This type of tissue is a specialized impulse-conducting cell that gathers information and controls body functions.
BACKAnswer: nerve cells (neuron)
38• In this phase, two nuclei form and the
chromosomes appear as chromatin.
Answer: telophaseBACK
39• This cell type covers and lines body organs.
Answer: epithelial cells BACK
40• These are the “wires” that help to resist
pulling forces on the cell.
Answer: intermediate filamentsBACK
41• Why are stratified epithelial tissues better for
protection purposes than simple epithelial tissues?
Answer: Stratified epithelial tissue has multiple layers of cells, which means there are more cells to absorb the damage BACK
42• This is the female cell of reproduction.
Answer: oocyteBACK
43• Name this type of cell
BACKAnswer: Epithelial Cells
44
• This is a slick membrane that lines the ventral body cavity and covers the organs in the cavity.
BACKAnswer: serosae
45
• The lower surface of an epithelial tissue is known as this.
BACKAnswer: the basement membrane
46• These are tiny fingerlike projections that
greatly increase the surface area for faster absorption
Answer: microvilliBACK
47• In this phase, cell membranes moves inward
to create two daughter cells.
Answer: cytokinesisBACK
48• This refers to a increase in size in an organ or
body area.
Answer: hyperplasia BACK
49• This is the term used when a cell loses its
ability to divide when it becomes fully mature.
Answer: amitotic BACK
50• These are tiny, bilobed, dark bodies that are
the protein making factories of the cell
Answer: ribosomes BACK
51
• This type of tissue is a cobwebby tissue that is the most widely distributed connective tissue that cushions the body organs.
BACKAnswer: areolar tissue
52
• This is the organelle located at letter F.
Answer: rough endoplasmic reticulum BACK
53• This type of tissue travels throughout the body
in a fluid matrix called plasma and has a variety of functions including transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Answer: bloodBACK
54
• This is known as an abnormal mass of proliferating cells.
BACKAnswer: neoplasm
55• This is the
organelle located at letter H.
Answer: Golgi Apparatus BACK
56• This is a sequence of three nucleotides
forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer RNA molecule that corresponds to the complementary information on a messenger RNA.
Answer: anticodonBACK
57• Are the following a representation of plant or
animal cells under a microscope?
Answer: animalBACK
58• In a homogenous mixture, this is the
substance that is dissolved the other material.
Answer: soluteBACK
59• What are the three main regions of a cell?
Answer: plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm BACK
60• Name an example of passive transport.
Answer: facilitated diffusion, osmosis, filtration, or diffusion BACK
61• This membrane junction allows to adjacent
cells to communicate with each other by allowing molecules to pass directly from on cell to the other.
Answer: gap junctionBACK
62• This type of RNA is a cloverleaf-shaped
molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosome.
Answer: transfer RNABACK
63• This is defined as a DNA segment that carries
the information for building one protein or polypeptide chain.
Answer: geneBACK
64• This type of RNA molecule is a long, singular
nucleotide strand that resemble half of a DNA molecule that carries the information from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
Answer: messenger RNABACK
65• This refers to a decrease in size in an organ or
body area.
Answer: atrophyBACK
66• This is the process during protein synthesis
when the protein is made as the information is being read and decoded.
Answer: translationBACK
67• This is the technique the body uses to repair
tissues which results in scar tissue.
Answer: fibrosisBACK
68• This is what the fluid outside the cell is
referred to.
Answer: Interstitial fluidBACK
69• This refers specifically to when solid material
is taken into the cell and is referred to as “cell eating”.
Answer: phagocytosisBACK
70• The following picture is of this type of cell
(scientific name).
Answer: erythrocyteBACK
71• Are the following a representation of plant or
animal cells under a microscope?
Answer: plantBACK
72• Name an example of active transport in a cell.
Answer: solute pumping (or sodium potassium pump), bulk transport (or endo and exo cytosis) BACK
73• These are special pores created by proteins
that allow water into the cell.
Answer: aquaporinsBACK
74• When a tissue is injured, the body sets a series
of events into motion. Which of the following is NOT true?– The surface epithelium regenerates– The capillaries become less permeable– Phagocytes concentration increases– Granulation tissue forms
Answer: The capillaries become less permeable BACK
75• During active transport process, cells use this
molecule to power the movement.
Answer: ATPBACK
76• This is the movement of water through a
selectively permeable membrane from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
Answer: osmosisBACK
77• The elongated shape of this cell lies along the
cable-like fibers that it secretes. It also has an abundant rough ER and large Golgi apparatus to make and secrete the protein building blocks of these cells.
Answer: fibroblastBACK