The 13 Original Colonies

The Three Regions

• New England

• Middle Colonies

• Southern Colonies

TheNew England

Colonies

The New England ColoniesWhich colonies were the New

England colonies?• Massachusetts• New Hampshire• Rhode Island• Connecticut

New Hampshire

Connecticut Rhode Island

Massachusetts

New England Colonies: Geography and Climate

Positives• Good, large harbors on

the Atlantic Ocean.

• Lots of forest

• Hot summers

Negatives• Poor, rocky soil not

good for farming

• Rough, swift rivers

• Cold winters

What was the economy of the New England Colonies?

The New England colonies were free market. This means the colonists were able to choose what crops they grew or what products they made.

Popular industries were whaling, fishing, shipbuilding, trading, and forestry.

Farming was also important, but colonists had small farms. The colonists mostly grew for themselves to trade with few people.

Products and crops of the New England colonies

• Livestock• Grains• Wool• Fruits• Firewood and lumber• Fish• Whale oil• Fur

Government of New England Colonies• Towns held town meetings at

least once a year.• Only white, landowning men

could vote.• Mayflower Compact

• The KING of ENGLAND still ruled over all the colonies!!!

Who lived there?• Families- men, women,

children• Slaves• Indentured Servants• Artisans, apprentices,

merchants, manufacturers• The Puritans and Pilgrims

were the first to settle here.

• What are indentured servants?

The cost of coming to the colonies was great. Many people sold themselves to be indentured servants. Someone would pay for them to come to the colonies and in return, they would work for 7 years.

TheMiddle Colonies

What colonies were the Middle Colonies?

• Pennsylvania• New Jersey• New York• Delaware

Pennsylvania

New York

Delaware

New Jersey

Middle Colonies: Geography and Climate

Geography:• Flat plains, rolling

hills, and forests• Large harbors on

Atlantic Ocean• Many lakes and

rivers for transportation

Climate:• Medium growing

season

• Mild summers and cold winters

Economy of Middle Colonies• Farming• Seaports• Forestry• Homespun

products

• Known as the “Breadbasket” colonies

Products and Crops of the Middle Colonies

• Farmed wheat, barley, oats, and rye

• Corn• Dairy cows and

pigs• Import and export

from the harbors• Furs

Government of the Middle Colonies

• Religious freedom and tolerance

• Proprietary charters

• Town meetings• Strong courts

People of the Middle Colonies

• People from England, Netherlands, France, Germany, and others

• Puritans, Quakers, Anglicans, Catholics, and Jews

• Middle Colonies founded for religious freedom

• Jobs and People:– Farmers– Artisans– Slaves– Families

The SouthernColonies

The Southern ColoniesWhich colonies were the Southern

Colonies?• Maryland• Virginia• North Carolina• South Carolina• Georgia

Virginia

Maryland

North Carolina

South Carolina

Georgia

Geography and Climate of the Southern Colonies

• Geography– Atlantic and Gulf

Coastal Plains– Fertile Soil– Harbors on the

Atlantic and large rivers

• Climate– Long growing

season

– Warm year round

– Wet!!

Southern Colonies and Economy

• Cash crops: Crops sold for money

• Trade and exporting

• Purchased manufactured goods

What are plantations?In the Southern Colonies, the farms were called plantations.

A plantation is a large farm where crops are grown.

Products and Crops in the Southern Colonies

• Main cash crops were indigo, tobacco, cotton, rice

• Lumber

Government of the Southern Colonies

House of Burgesses

Joint-Stock and Proprietary Charters: Colonies run for a profit

Who lived in the Southern Colonies?

Anglicans, English Plantation Owners, Indentured Servants, Transported Criminals, and Slaves

The Colony of GeorgiaThe colony of Georgia was founded by James Oglethorpe in 1733. He secured land from Tomochichi and the Creek Native Americans and settle in what is now Savannah.

Why was Georgia founded?Georgia was founded

to give debtors from England a place to start over.

It also served as a buffer between the other colonies and Spanish territory.

http://cdm.sos.state.ga.us/index.php

Click on website to go to Virtual Vault and look up the charter of Georgia.

Colonial Regions Vocabulary• Merchant: A person who produces or trades goods.

• Subsistence Farming: When a family grows only enough food to survive.

• Homespun: Products that are made at home (furniture, clothing, etc.)

• Cash Crops: Crops that are grown in large amounts and sold for a profit.

More Vocabulary• Indentured Servants: People who are brought to the colonies and must work to pay off the trip.

• Transported Criminals: Criminals that are taken from jail and made to work in the colonies.

• Slaves: People captured in Africa and sold to plantation owners. The plantation owner saw them as property.