THE CELL

by: Kory Camp & Liz Doxey

Welcome to the AMAZING Cell!

Cells are the structural and

functional units of all living organisms.

Did you know? That organisms, such as

humans, are multicellular, or

have many cells—an estimated

100,000,000,000,000 cells!

The smallest structural and functional unit of an organism.

The main parts of the cell include

the nucleus, golgi apparatus, ribosome, lysosome,

mitochondria, and the endoplasmic

reticulum.

Golgi Apparatus

“Packaging” and sorts new proteins

for secretion.

Golgi Apparatus: an organelle, consisting of layers of flattened sacs, that takes up and processes secretory and synthetic products from the endoplasmic reticulum and then either releases the finished products into various parts of the cell cytoplasm or secretes them to the outside of the cell.

Mitochondria

The mitochondria is the “Power House” of the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

“ER”Endoplasmic Reticulum: a network of

tubular membranes within the

cytoplasm of the cell, occurring either with a

smooth surface

Smooth ER and Rough ER

Smooth ER has no ribosomes.

Rough ER has ribosomes.

Ribosomes

Ribosome: a tiny, somewhat mitten-shaped organelle

occurring in great numbers in the cell cytoplasm either freely, in small clusters, or

attached to the outer surfaces of endoplasmic

reticula, and functioning as the site of protein

manufacture.

Lysosome

Lysosome: a cell organelle containing

enzymes that digest particles

and that disintegrate the

cell after its death. The

“garbage man.”

NucleusNucleus: is a membrane-

enclosed organelle found in

eukaryotic cells.

Nucleolus

Nucleolus: synthesizes rRNA and it assembles

ribosomes in the nucleus.

Processes of a Cell

The Phases of the Cell

Prophase

Prophase: the first stage of mitosis or meiosis in eukaryotic cell division, during which the nuclear envelope breaks down and strands of chromatin form into chromosomes.

Prometaphase Prometaphase: a stage

sometimes distinguished between the prophase and metaphase of mitosis or meiosis and characterized by disappearance of the nuclear membrane and formation of the spindle.

Metaphase

Metaphase: the stage in mitosis or meiosis in which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle.

Anaphase

Anaphase: the stage in mitosis or meiosis following metaphase in which the daughter chromosomes move away from each other to opposite ends of the cell.

Telophase Telophase: the final stage

of meiosis or mitosis, in which the separated chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the dividing cell and the nuclei of the daughter cells form around the two sets of chromosomes.

Cytokinesis

Cytokinesis: the division of the cell cytoplasm that usually follows mitotic or meiotic division of the nucleus.

That’s all folks!