The Art HouseThe Art House& Digital Cinema& Digital Cinema

Making sense of DMaking sense of D--CinemaCinema

Alternative Content VideoAlternative Content Video

Upgrades to existing systemsUpgrades to existing systems

Planning for the future usePlanning for the future use

Presented by:Presented by: Robert Harris Robert Harris -- Manager, Film & Video SystemsManager, Film & Video Systems

Boston Light & Sound, Inc.Boston Light & Sound, Inc.

cell: 617cell: 617--967967--3131 / 3131 / rharris@blsi.comrharris@blsi.com

The Evolution of VideoThe Evolution of Video

NTSC NTSC –– Standard DefinitionStandard Definition

640 x 480 Pixels (visible)640 x 480 Pixels (visible)

4 x 3 Aspect Ratio (1.33)4 x 3 Aspect Ratio (1.33)

Typically Composite VideoTypically Composite Video

aka: 480i (interlaced signal)aka: 480i (interlaced signal)

Examples:Examples:

Analog Broadcast TVAnalog Broadcast TV

CRT DisplaysCRT Displays

VHS / VHS / BetacamBetacam TapeTape

The Evolution of VideoThe Evolution of Video

NTSC NTSC –– EDTV (Standard Definition)EDTV (Standard Definition)

640 x 480 Pixels (visible)640 x 480 Pixels (visible)

4 x 3 Aspect Ratio (1.33)4 x 3 Aspect Ratio (1.33)

Typically Component VideoTypically Component Video

Progressive Scan (480p)Progressive Scan (480p)

NonNon--interlaced Signalinterlaced Signal

Examples:Examples:

DVD DVD –– Standard DefinitionStandard Definition

VGA Computer (typically RGBHV)VGA Computer (typically RGBHV)

Early Plasma TVEarly Plasma TV’’ss

The Evolution of VideoThe Evolution of Video

ATSC ATSC –– HDTV (1K High Definition)HDTV (1K High Definition)

1280 x 720 Pixels (visible)1280 x 720 Pixels (visible)

16 x 9 Aspect Ratio (1.78)16 x 9 Aspect Ratio (1.78)

Component Video, DVI, HDMIComponent Video, DVI, HDMI

Progressive Scan Signal Progressive Scan Signal -- 720p720p

Interlaced Signal Interlaced Signal -- 1080i1080i

Dolby Digital 5.1 AudioDolby Digital 5.1 Audio

Analog Broadcast TV Analog Broadcast TV ““SunsetSunset”” on 6on 6--1212--0909

Examples:Examples:

Broadcast HDTV (Cable, Satellite, OffBroadcast HDTV (Cable, Satellite, Off--Air)Air)

WXGA Computer (RGBHV, DVI)WXGA Computer (RGBHV, DVI)

22ndnd Generation Plasma TVGeneration Plasma TV’’ss

The Evolution of VideoThe Evolution of Video

ATSC ATSC –– Full HD (2K High Definition)Full HD (2K High Definition)

1920 x 1080 Pixels (visible)1920 x 1080 Pixels (visible)

16 x 9 Aspect Ratio (1.78)16 x 9 Aspect Ratio (1.78)

HDMI or DVI (with HDCP Encryption)HDMI or DVI (with HDCP Encryption)

Progressive Scan Signal Progressive Scan Signal -- 1080p1080p

7.1 Digital Audio Support7.1 Digital Audio Support

Examples:Examples:

BluBlu--Ray DVD / Sony PS3Ray DVD / Sony PS3

WUXGA Computer (DVI, Display Port)WUXGA Computer (DVI, Display Port)

Current Generation Plasma TVCurrent Generation Plasma TV’’ss

The Evolution of VideoThe Evolution of Video

Digital Cinema (DCI Specification)Digital Cinema (DCI Specification)

2048 x 1080 Pixels @ 24 or 48 fps (2K)2048 x 1080 Pixels @ 24 or 48 fps (2K) 4096 x 2160 Pixels @ 24 fps (4K)4096 x 2160 Pixels @ 24 fps (4K) 1.85 Aspect Ratio 1.85 Aspect Ratio -- NativeNative JPEG2000 files via dual HDJPEG2000 files via dual HD--SDI streamsSDI streams 1212--bit deep color spacebit deep color space 3D supported: 2K @ 48 fps (24 fps per eye)3D supported: 2K @ 48 fps (24 fps per eye) Language Subtitle SupportLanguage Subtitle Support 7.1 Digital Audio 7.1 Digital Audio –– Uncompressed PCM/WAVUncompressed PCM/WAV Capacity for up to 16 channels @ 24Capacity for up to 16 channels @ 24--bit/96kHzbit/96kHz

Examples:Examples:

DCIDCI--Compliant Servers (2K & 4K)Compliant Servers (2K & 4K) DLP Projectors (2K & 4K Upgradable)DLP Projectors (2K & 4K Upgradable) SXRD Projectors (4K)SXRD Projectors (4K)

The Evolution of VideoThe Evolution of Video

Video Transport Platforms (Analog)Video Transport Platforms (Analog)

Composite VideoComposite Video (1) Coax(1) Coax SS--VideoVideo (2) Coax(2) Coax Component VideoComponent Video (3) Coax(3) Coax RGBSRGBS (4) Coax(4) Coax RGBHVRGBHV (5) Coax(5) Coax

UTP Cable (CAT5E) TX/RX modules for all of the above, usually usUTP Cable (CAT5E) TX/RX modules for all of the above, usually used to ed to overcome long cable distancesovercome long cable distances

Audio Transport Platforms (Analog)Audio Transport Platforms (Analog)

Balanced LineBalanced Line (1) Twisted Shielded Pair Cable / Channel(1) Twisted Shielded Pair Cable / Channel Speaker LevelSpeaker Level (1) Twisted Unshielded Pair Cable per driver(1) Twisted Unshielded Pair Cable per driver

element. Wire gauge dependent onelement. Wire gauge dependent onamplifier power & distanceamplifier power & distance

UTP Cable (CAT5E) TX/RX modules for the line level audio, usuallUTP Cable (CAT5E) TX/RX modules for the line level audio, usually y used to overcome long cable distancesused to overcome long cable distances

The Evolution of VideoThe Evolution of Video

Video Transport Platforms (Digital)Video Transport Platforms (Digital)

SDI / HDSDI / HD--SDISDI (1) Coax(1) Coax DVIDVI--DD (1) Proprietary Cable (Digital Video Only)(1) Proprietary Cable (Digital Video Only) DVIDVI--II (1) Proprietary Cable (Digital + Analog Video)(1) Proprietary Cable (Digital + Analog Video) HDMI / Display PortHDMI / Display Port (1) Proprietary Cable (Digital Video & Audio)(1) Proprietary Cable (Digital Video & Audio)

UTP & Fiber Optic Cable TX/RX modules for very long distance appUTP & Fiber Optic Cable TX/RX modules for very long distance applicationslications

Audio Transport Platforms (Digital)Audio Transport Platforms (Digital)

S/PDIFS/PDIF (1) Coax(1) Coax Optical (Optical (ToslinkToslink)) (1) Proprietary Cable (Fiber)(1) Proprietary Cable (Fiber) AES / EBUAES / EBU (1) Twisted Shielded Pr. Cable / Channel Pair(1) Twisted Shielded Pr. Cable / Channel Pair HDHD--SDISDI (8) Embedded channels within video data(8) Embedded channels within video data HDMIHDMI (8) Embedded channels within video data(8) Embedded channels within video data CobraCobra--NetNet MultiMulti--channel audio over UTP Cablechannel audio over UTP Cable

Does your head hurt yet?Does your head hurt yet?

Discussion TopicDiscussion Topic

How do you use video now?How do you use video now?

Features on DVD / DV / Features on DVD / DV / DigiBetaDigiBeta / / BluRayBluRay

ComputerComputer--based presentationsbased presentations

Satellite delivered content (Met Live)Satellite delivered content (Met Live)

HardHard--drive content (National Theatre)drive content (National Theatre)

Local content / membership / coming eventsLocal content / membership / coming events

Other ??Other ??

Discussion TopicDiscussion Topic

How do you use film now?How do you use film now?

35mm platter system or changeover reels35mm platter system or changeover reels

Formats (1.33 / 1.37 / 1.66 / 1.85 / 2.39)Formats (1.33 / 1.37 / 1.66 / 1.85 / 2.39)

70mm (2.21)70mm (2.21)

16mm (1.33 / 1.66 / 2.66)16mm (1.33 / 1.66 / 2.66)

Audio playback (Analog / DolbyAudio playback (Analog / Dolby--D / DTS)D / DTS)

Screen & masking type / optionsScreen & masking type / options

Upgrade PlanningUpgrade Planning

Considerations (Video Sources):Considerations (Video Sources):

MustMust--have resident video sourceshave resident video sources

Source options to budget forSource options to budget for

Occasional use sources / Guest inputsOccasional use sources / Guest inputs

Audio playback (Stereo / ProAudio playback (Stereo / Pro--Logic / 5.1)Logic / 5.1)

Required aspect ratiosRequired aspect ratios

Backward compatibilityBackward compatibility

Upgrade PlanningUpgrade Planning

Considerations (Video Projection):Considerations (Video Projection):

Highest resolution requirement for all sourcesHighest resolution requirement for all sources

Switching / scaling needs for all sourcesSwitching / scaling needs for all sources

Screen size requirements per formatScreen size requirements per format

DisplayDisplay’’s native aspect ratios native aspect ratio

Throw distance (lens selection)Throw distance (lens selection)

Space, power and ventilation needsSpace, power and ventilation needs

Screen & masking requirementsScreen & masking requirements

Upgrade PlanningUpgrade Planning

Considerations (Audio Playback):Considerations (Audio Playback):

Output capability for all sourcesOutput capability for all sources

Existing cinema processor capabilityExisting cinema processor capability

Switching & decoding requirementsSwitching & decoding requirements

Embedded audio (HDEmbedded audio (HD--SDI / HDMI)SDI / HDMI)

Existing BExisting B--chain audio systemchain audio system

HearingHearing--assist optionassist option

Upgrade PlanningUpgrade Planning

Considerations (Automation & Control):Considerations (Automation & Control):

System operator (tech staff / client)System operator (tech staff / client)

Show requirements (multiShow requirements (multi--source)source)

System complexitySystem complexity

Control locations (booth / presenter)Control locations (booth / presenter)

Existing automationExisting automation

Video System Video System –– Example #1Example #1

Basic video projectionBasic video projection

WXGA ProjectorWXGA Projector

Single PC InputSingle PC Input

DVD PlayerDVD Player

Staff operationStaff operation

Masking for flat & Masking for flat & scope formatsscope formats

ProPro--Logic playbackLogic playback

Video System Video System –– Example #2Example #2

MultiMulti--source with source with matrix switchingmatrix switching

1080p Projector1080p Projector

(2) PC Inputs(2) PC Inputs

BluRayBluRay DVDDVD

DigiBetaDigiBeta PlayerPlayer

Aux Composite InputAux Composite Input

Preview MonitorPreview Monitor

Video System Video System –– Example #3Example #3(Don(Don’’t try this at home)t try this at home)

The A/V Guest Input PanelThe A/V Guest Input Panel

Allows connection of external equipment sources from clients or Allows connection of external equipment sources from clients or decks rented for a specific event to be played back on your systdecks rented for a specific event to be played back on your system.em.

Examples: HDCAMExamples: HDCAM--SR / D5 / XDCAM / SR / D5 / XDCAM / DigiBetaDigiBeta

Audio UpgradesAudio Upgrades

Existing Film Sound System Processor Upgrades (Dolby)Existing Film Sound System Processor Upgrades (Dolby)

Current Dolby Model 650 Processors are upgradable to SR / Current Dolby Model 650 Processors are upgradable to SR / Dolby Digital Film Sound / Digital Audio (AES x4) from an Dolby Digital Film Sound / Digital Audio (AES x4) from an external source w/Dolby EXexternal source w/Dolby EX

DADA--20 Processor has been discontinued20 Processor has been discontinued

DMADMA--8 Processor adds external digital audio capability8 Processor adds external digital audio capability

Amplifier / Loudspeaker UpgradesAmplifier / Loudspeaker Upgrades

22--Way and 3Way and 3--Way Screen Channels / LFEWay Screen Channels / LFE

MultiMulti--channel Surroundschannel Surrounds

Digital Cinema / DCI SpecificationDigital Cinema / DCI Specification

Digital Cinema Initiative, LLCDigital Cinema Initiative, LLC

DCI Joint Venture formed in March 2002 between:DCI Joint Venture formed in March 2002 between:

MetroMetro--GoldwynGoldwyn--MayerMayer Paramount Pictures Paramount Pictures Sony Pictures Entertainment Sony Pictures Entertainment 20th Century Fox 20th Century Fox Universal Studios Universal Studios Walt Disney Company Walt Disney Company Warner Brothers Warner Brothers

DCI Spec v1.0 DCI Spec v1.0 –– 7/20057/2005 DCI Spec v1.1 DCI Spec v1.1 –– 2/20082/2008 DCI Spec v1.2 DCI Spec v1.2 –– 3/20083/2008 Amended through 4/2009Amended through 4/2009

Digital Cinema / DCI SpecificationDigital Cinema / DCI Specification

Overall Objectives:Overall Objectives:

Motion picture presentation capability equal to or Motion picture presentation capability equal to or surpassing present 35mm film printssurpassing present 35mm film prints

Based on global standards, a presentation can be played Based on global standards, a presentation can be played anywhere in the world, similar to the current 35mm modelanywhere in the world, similar to the current 35mm model

Assure interAssure inter--operability between systems of different operability between systems of different manufacture, both 2K & 4K, again as with 35mm printsmanufacture, both 2K & 4K, again as with 35mm prints

Backward compatibility with the DCI StandardBackward compatibility with the DCI Standard

Allows means of presenting Alternative Content videoAllows means of presenting Alternative Content video

Reliability and availability equal to or better than 35mmReliability and availability equal to or better than 35mm

Protection of intellectual property via encryption of content Protection of intellectual property via encryption of content and forensic marking for traceable evidence of theftand forensic marking for traceable evidence of theft

Digital Cinema / DCI SpecificationDigital Cinema / DCI Specification

DD--Cinema ManufacturersCinema Manufacturers

ProjectorsProjectors

Christie DigitalChristie Digital

BarcoBarco

SonySony

NECNEC

ServersServers

DolbyDolby

DoremiDoremi

GDCGDC

QubeQube

QuVISQuVIS

The Miracle of 3DThe Miracle of 3D

Manufacturers:Manufacturers:

DolbyDolby

RealDRealD

SonySony

Master ImageMaster Image

XPandXPand

TechnicolorTechnicolor

(35mm Film)(35mm Film)

TechnicolorTechnicolor’’s 3D on Film Concepts 3D on Film Concept

3D Considerations3D Considerations

Equipment:Equipment:

Any 3D Projection solution will require a higher lightAny 3D Projection solution will require a higher light--output output projector than a comparable 2D presentationprojector than a comparable 2D presentation

A silver screen is required by all solutions except Dolby and A silver screen is required by all solutions except Dolby and XPandXPand (gain screen of approximately 1.8 is recommended)(gain screen of approximately 1.8 is recommended)

TechnicolorTechnicolor’’s 3D system is currently not supported by Walt s 3D system is currently not supported by Walt Disney and 20Disney and 20thth Century Fox StudiosCentury Fox Studios

Administration costs for recycling glassesAdministration costs for recycling glasses

SummarySummary

Interim upgrades can enhance your presentation now & Interim upgrades can enhance your presentation now & ease the expense of your digital transition laterease the expense of your digital transition later

Planning for the long term will help you avoid investing Planning for the long term will help you avoid investing in equipment you may outgrowin equipment you may outgrow

Anticipating & planning for special events can reduce Anticipating & planning for special events can reduce ongoing rental costsongoing rental costs

Questions ??Questions ??