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BEFORE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

Industrial Revolution – the greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England in the mid – 1700’s.

Before the Industrial Revolution, people wove textiles by hand

BEFORE INDUSTRIALIZATION – AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTIONNew Techniques in

Agriculture paved the way for the IR.

Jethro Tull’s seed drill

ENCLOSUREWealthy landowners

enclosed their massive plots of land with fence or hedges.

They could cultivate larger fields.

Landowners experimented with more productive seeding and harvesting methods to boost crop yields

Jethro Tull – THE SEED DRILL

CROP ROTATION

Improvement on the three-field system

System of growing a different crop each year to preserve the fertility of the land

IMPROVEMENTS IN LIVESTOCKImproved methods of

breeding led to larger animals.

Between 1700 and 1786 the average weight for lambs climbed from 18 – 50 pounds.

EFFECTS OF THE AGRICULTURAL REV.

Food Supplies Increased

Living Conditions Improved

More Food + Better Living Conditions = Larger Population

Larger Population = increased demand for food and goods like cloth

Poor farmers lost their land and became factory workers

WHY DID THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION BEGIN IN ENGLAND?

Children Coal Miners

1. NATURAL RESOURCES

• Water power and coal for the new machines

• Iron ore to construct machines, tools and building

• Rivers for transportation• Harbors for trade

2. EXPANDING ECONOMY

• Investments in new inventions• Highly developed banking

system that encouraged bank loans to invest in new machinery

• Growing overseas trade

3. POLITICAL STABILITY IN BRITAIN• No wars occurred ON British soil

in the 1700’s.• Parliament passed laws to

encourage and protect business

IN CONCLUSION• Britain had all of the

FACTORS OF PRODUCTION necessary for an Industrial Revolution

• Factors of Production – the resources needed to produce goods and services that the IR required. Land, labor and capital (wealth).