Simple past tense

Saba Urooj

Center for Language Engineering (UET)

Simple past tense

• Simple past tense shows

– the completion of a single action at a point in past

Saba Urooj

Center for Language Engineering (UET)

Simple past tense

• Simple past tense is formed by using perfect

form of the verb.

Subject Verb root Perfective

form of

verb

Ali uth

uth-na to stand up

uth-a

Saba Urooj

Center for Language Engineering (UET)

Infinitive Without

‘na’

Perfective

form of verb

Sing. masc.

Perfective

form of verb

Sing. fem.

jaag-na to wake up jag jag-a jag-i

Perfective forms of verb

jaag-na to wake up jag jag-a jag-i

chal-na to walk chal chal-a chal-i

so-na to sleep so so-ya so-i

If a vowel is left after taking out ‘na’ from the infinitive add ‘ya’ instead of just ‘a’ while making masculine verb

Infinitive Without

‘na’

Perfective

form of verb

Pl. masc.

Perfective

form of verb

Pl. fem.

uth-na to stand up uth uth-a uth-i

Perfective forms of verb

aa-na to come ____ _____ _____

ur-na to fly ____ _____ _____

If a vowel is left after taking out ‘na’ from the infinitive add ‘ya’ instead of just ‘a’ while making masculine

Infinitive Without

‘na’

Perfective

form of verb

Sing. masc.

Perfective

form of verb

Sing. fem.

Perfective forms of verb

Sing. masc. Sing. fem.

khol-na to open khol khol-a khol-i

parh-na to read parh parh-a parh-i

kha-na to eat kha kha-ya kha-i

pi-na to drink pi pi-ya pi-i

Perfective forms of verb

Infinitive Without

‘na’

Sing. masc.

Verb

Sing. fem.

Verb

dekh-na to see, to watch dekh dekh-a dekh-i

likh-na to write ____ _____ _____

bata-na to tell ____ _____ _____

keh-na to say ____ _____ _____

Agreement in simple past tense

Intransitive Verbs

• The verb agrees with the subject in case of

intransitive verbs

• Larka aaya.

• The boy came.• The boy came.

• Larkey aaey.

• The boys came.

• Larki aai.

• The girl came.Saba Urooj

Center for Language Engineering (UET)

Agreement in simple past tense

Transitive Verbs

• In case the verb is transitive and ‘ney’ is used

then the verb agrees with the object.

• Ali ney khana (m,sing.) khaya.

• Ali ate the meal.• Ali ate the meal.

• Ali ney samosey (m,pl.) khaey.

• Ali ate the samosas.

• Ali ney rotian (f,pl.) khai.

• Ali ate the breads.Saba Urooj

Center for Language Engineering (UET)

Proper noun

Singular plural

Masculine Ali aaya Ali aur Usman aaey

3rd

person

Masculine Ali aaya

Ali came

Ali aur Usman aaey

Ali and Usman came

Feminine Ayesha aai

Ayesha came

Ayesha aur Fatima aaeen

Ayesha and Fatima came

Common noun

Singular plural

Masculine Larka aaya Larkey aaey

3rd

person

Masculine Larka aaya

The Boy came

Larkey aaey

The Boys came

Feminine Larki aai

The girl came

Larkian aaeen

The girls came

1st person (pronoun)

Singular plural

1st

person

Masculine Main aaya

I came

Hum aaey

We came

Feminine Main aai

I came

Hum aaeen

We came

2nd person (pronoun)

Singular plural

Masculine Tum aaey Aap aaey

2nd

person

Aap aaey

You came

Aap aaey

You came

Feminine Tum aai

Aap aai

You came

Aap aaeen

Aap aaeen

You came

3rd person (pronoun)

Singular plural

3rd

person

Masculine Voh aaya

He came

Voh aaey

They came

Feminine Voh aai

She came

Voh aaeen

They came

Conversations between two friendsAli: Assalaam-o-alaikum (Hello)

Aslam: Wa-alaikum-assalaam (Hello)

Ali: Aap keya ker rahey hain?

What are you doing?What are you doing?

Aslam: Main khareedari ker raha hoon.

I am shopping.

Ali: Main bhi khareedari ker raha hoon.

I am also shopping.

Khareedari ShoppingAli: Keya aap ney gari park ki?

Did you park the car?

Aslam: Jee haan, Main ney gari park ki.

Yes, I parked the car.

Ali: Keya aap ney khareedari ki tokri li?

Did you take the shopping basket?

Aslam: Jee haan, Main ney khareedari ki tokri li.

Yes, I took the shopping basket.

Khareedari Shopping

Ali: Aap ney Keya khareeda?

What did you purchase?

Aslam: Main ney shirtain khareedeen.

I purchased shirts.I purchased shirts.

Aslam: Aap ney Keya khareeda?

What did you purchase?

Ali: Main ney kurta khareeda.

I purchased kurta.

Khareedari Shopping

• ___ ____ ____?

• What did you purchase?

• ___ ____ ____.

• I purchased watch.• I purchased watch.

• ___ ____ ____?

• What did you purchase?

• ___ ____ ____.

• I purchased socks.

Khareedari Shopping

Ali: Keya aap ney khana khaya?

Did you take meal?

Aslam: Main ney khana nahi khaya.

I did not take the meal .I did not take the meal .

Ali: Main ney kuch nahi khaya.

I did not eat anything.

Aslam: Chalo kuch khatey hain.

Let’s eat something.

Khana Eating

Ali:___ ____ ____?

What is in the menu?

Waiter: ___ ____ ____.

Burger, pizza and salad is available.Burger, pizza and salad is available.

Aslam: ___ ____ ____?

Let’s eat pizza?

Ali: ___ ____ ____.

I do like pizza.

Guftago Conversation

Main ney assignmant

nahi banai.

I did not make

the assignment.

Aap ney assignmant

banai?

Did you make

the assignment?

Guftago Conversation

Ali:___ ____ ____?

Did you finish the meal?

Aslam___ ____ ____.

No, not yet.No, not yet.

Aslam: ___ ____ ____?

Let’s take salad?

Ali: ___ ____ ____.

I do not like salad.

Guftago Conversation

Main apney mulak

agley maah jaa raha

Hoon.

Next month I am going

to my country.

Aap apney mulak

kub jaa rahey hain?

When are you going

to your country?

to my country.

Guftago Conversation

Ali:___ ____ ____?

Did you Purchase gifts for the family?

Aslam___ ____ ____.

No, not yet.No, not yet.

Aslam: ___ ____ ____?

Let’s purchase together?

Ali: ___ ____ ____.

This is a good idea.

Guftago Conversation

Ali: Chalo behen key liye har khareedtey hain.

Let us purchase necklace for sister?

Aslam: Haan! Yeh acha khayal hai.

Yes, this is a good idea.Yes, this is a good idea.

Ali: Chalo bhai key liye video game khareedtey hain.

Let us purchase video game for brother?

Aslam: Haan! Yeh acha khayal hai.

Yes, this is a good idea.

Guftago Conversation

Aslam: ___ ____ ____.

Let us purchase shawl for mother.

Ali: ___ ____ ____.

Yes, this is a good idea.Yes, this is a good idea.

Ali: ___ ____ ____.

Let us purchase watch for father?

Aslam: ___ ____ ____.

Yes, this is a good idea.

Guftago Conversation

Shukriya! Aapka sath

acha hai.

Thanks! Your company

is good.

Aaj key liye itni

khareedari kafi hai.

This much shopping is

enough for today.