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The Strategic Leader
John Pisapia
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader04/15/2023
Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaJune 13, 2015
The Topics for the Day!لليوم !موضوعات
• Morning صباح
Dealing with a Changing World- the Power of the Curve –Strategies
to Deal with Strategic Change
What is Strategic Leadership?
• Building an Ambidextrous Organization -
• Exploitation/ Exploration• Mission/Opportunity Driven
• Afternoon الظهر بعد
Thinking Like a Strategic Leader– the minds and thinking skills
needed to think differently and find the future.
Leading Like a Strategic Leader The tactics strategic leaders use
to influence others to willingly join-in pursuit of organizational goals.
Trusting the Process
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Strategic Leadership DefinedAt its core, strategic leadership is the
ability,( as well as the wisdom), to make consequential decisions about ends, strategy, and tactics. . . . It marries management with leadership, and
strategic intent with tactics and actions. (Pisapia, 2009, p..
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The Nature of Changeالتغيير طبيعة
Every few hundred years in western history there occurs a sharp transformation. We cross... a divide. Within a few short decades society rearranges itself, its world view; its basic values; its social and political structure; its arts; its key institutions. Fifty years later, there appears a new world...we are currently living through such atransformation. Drucker, 1993: p1
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Do you Agree with Drucker?
If Yes!• What are the major changes that have happened in Saudi Arabia in the last ten years?
• المملكة ما في حدثت التي الكبرى التغيرات هياألخيرة العربية العشر السنوات في السعودية
How have these changed your society?
مجتمعك؟ هذه غيرت كيف• Is there a relationship between changes in Saudi Arabia and changes in the world?
• المملكة في التغيرات بين عالقة هناك هلالعالم؟ في والتغيرات السعودية العربية
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Explain these Facts• 1
• On June 28, 2007, Nokia was the top selling mobile-phone company in the world, people stopped working when they left their computers, Android phones didn't exist, and executives of all echelons were thumbing on their BlackBerrys.
• The next day, Apple's first iPhone went on sale. • On April 19, 2012, Nokia reported 1.7 billion dollar loss in the first
quarter.
• On July 1, 2012 - BlackBerry maker Research in Motion announced it was laying off 5,000 people -- and reported a first-quarter loss of $518 million. Sales were down 40% from the previous year.
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The Power of the Curve
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Expl
oita
tion
Expl
orati
on
Disruptive Innovation
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
Pred
iction
- An
alytic
Analytic & Synthetic
Uncertainty
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
1907
1917
1927
THE FINAL EXAM
WHAT KIND OF CHANGE IS THIS?
هذا؟ التغيير من نوع أي
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04/15/2023 Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
The Lessons of the Curve
المنحنى من دروس
Build Ambidextrous OrganizationsExploitationExploration
Employ Strategic ThinkingMinds and Mindsets
Strategic Thinking Skills
Trust the ProcessThe SL Method
Use a Multifaceted Set of Leader Influence ActionsLeader Influence Actions
Strategic Leaders Find the Future and Make it Happen!
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader04/15/2023
Task 1 Build Ambidextrous
Organizations
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader04/15/2023
In the Gap, we must be Ambidextrous!
04/15/2023 Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
• The pursuit of two different modes of leading and learning:
1. Exploitation = using current resources and capabilities in an efficient and reliable fashion to head in the same direction
استخدام = , الستغاللالحالية والقدرات المواردبها وموثوق فعالة بطريقةنفس في السير إلىاالتجاه
2. Exploration = searching for , acquiring and developing new resources and capabilities to go in a new direction
عن = البحث استكشافالموارد وتطوير واكتسابللذهاب الجديدة والقدرات
جديد اتجاه في
The Ambidextrous Organization!
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
Mission Focus
Opportunity Focus
Leadership Behavior
Entrepreneurial Behavior
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Task 2Think Like a
Strategic Leader
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader04/15/2023
Thinking in a strategic way
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
Means that Leaders are:
Mentally Agile –they can use synthesis as well as analysis, linear as well as nonlinear thinking, critical as well as creative thinking skills as appropriate to finding the future or problem solutions and/or to see old issues with new eyes.
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Leaders must have the capability to understand and rapidly adapt to changes in their environment.
In the Gap!
Unfortunately, “We can't solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them.”
“Think Different”
“Think Differently”04/15/2023
Picture This
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Effe
ctua
l Re
aso
nin
g
Causal Reasoning
High
HighLow
S t ra te g i c T h i n k i n g
Managerial Thinking
Entrepreneurial Thinking
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The Genesis of Strategic Thinking
Causal ReasoningAnalytical
CriticalLinear
Strategic ReasoningAnalytical
CriticalSynthetic
IntegrativeAdaptive Creative
Innovative
Effectual Reasoning
AdaptiveCreative
Innovative
To Take the Strategic Thinking Questionnaire (STQ)
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Managerial Thinking
Strategic Thinking Entrepreneurial Thinking
Managerial Role Predict what will happen next, target individuals who can help them.
Navigate by focusing on their identity, knowledge, and relationships.
Pursue ideas and push through reality to create new opportunities.
Guiding Question What SHOULD I do? What CAN I do and SHOULD I do it?
What CAN I do?
Outcome Share in existing market.Outcomes are fixed.
Shares in existing markets or creating new markets based on opportunities that arise.
Creates new market.Outcomes are not fixed or limited.
Ideas on Profit/Loss Focus on defined strategies to maximize returns
Focus on maximizing returns and affordable loss.
Focus on affordable loss.
Ideas on Competition Focus on analyzing competition in red ocean.
Focus on both analyzing competition, finding blue oceans, and creating strategic alliances.
Focus on creating strategic alliances and finding blue oceans.
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Managerial Thinking
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M1
GOAL
M2
M3
M4
M5
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The Aim is to become more enterprising / entrepreneurial
Entrepreneurial Thinking
األعمال ريادة التفكير
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O1
O2
O3
O4
O5
Making something out of Nothing شيء ال من شيء صنعby using Creative Reasoning to Imagine numerous possibilities with the means available.
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Understand The Power of Mindsets
Frame Dominance
إChange
Be Flexible
SenseBe Wise
LearnBe Curious
Think in a Strategic Way!
استراتيجية بطريقة !التفكير
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The Minds we Need
Learn –. Search for information through reading, observing, and doing. Spot and seize new ideas and game- changing opportunities that can shape the organizations competitive advantage. Be curious.
Change – Open to New Ideas. See the organization as a whole and understand how various parts of the organization relate to and affect each other. Be Flexible
Sense – Perceive variation in the environment, social relationships, readiness to change, take the right action at the right time. Discern meaning among events and bits of information that at first glance would appear to be isolated. Be Wise.
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The Minds we Need!
“The greatest sin in times of turbulence is not the turbulence; it is to act with yesterday’s logic.”
— Peter Drucker04/15/2023 Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
People only see what they are prepared to see.
Ralph Waldo EmersonAwareness Test
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Picture This
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A True Story
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Leadership is always situated within a context !
Frame Dominance!
“You need to understand what sandbox you are playing in."
Ferdinand de Lessups
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The Skills that enable Leaders
to think Strategically
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader04/15/2023
The Strategic Thinking Skills
Reflection
ReframingSystems Thinking
Analytical
Creative
Divergent
Synthesis
Intuitive
Critical
Evaluative
Integrative
Pragmatic
Tactical
Reasoning
Practical
StrategicSolutions
Future
Forward
Convergent
Deductive
Inductive
Holistic
Linear Non Linear04/15/2023 Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
Strategic Thinking Skills
Description
Systems Thinking
Systems thinking refers to the leader’s ability to see systems holistically by understanding the properties, forces, patterns and interrelationships that shape the behavior of the system, which hence provides options for action.
Reflecting
Reflecting refers to the leader’s ability to weave logical and rational thinking, through the use of perceptions, experience and information, to make judgments on what has happened, and creation of intuitive principles that guide future actions.
Reframing
Reframing refers to the leader’s ability to switch attention across multiple perspectives, frames, mental models, and paradigms to generate new insights and options for actions.
Table 1 Subscales of the Strategic Thinking Questionnaire (STQ)
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Task 3Leading like a Strategic
Leader
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader04/15/2023
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader04/15/2023
Thinking is not enough
كافية ليست التفكير
The ability to think is a necessary condition for effective
leadership. However,
“Leadership must inevitably be performed through action, not cognition”
(Denison et al. (1995, p. 524).
خالل " من القيادة يؤديها أن حتما يجباإلدراك وليس "العمل
Definitions
Leader 1. A person who influences
a group of people towards the achievement of a goal.
2. A person who produces change and movement, establishes direction, aligns people and structures, and focuses on results.
Leadership1. Leadership is a process
of social influence which maximizes the efforts of others, towards the achievement of a goal.
2. Leadership is the process of persuasion or example by which an individual induces a group to pursue objectives held by the leader and shared by followers.
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Superordinates Bosses, Boards, Superiors
CustomersInternal and External Users
SubordinatesDirect and Indirect ReportsStaff , Teams, Subunits
Supporters/BlockersApprovers, Politicians, Competitors, Partners
The Problem with Leadership Theories
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Acting in a strategic way
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
Means that Strategic Leaders are:
Behaviorally Agile – They use a wide array of influence actions –
Transforming – Managing – Bonding – Bridging – Bartering –
to assure that the organization’s purpose is accomplished.
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At times, the Leader exerts influence by use task and relationship behaviors
At still other times, they use power, authority,
persuasion, bargaining, and incentives
ExpectationMuch like an Artist, Leaders will apply an integrated set of leader influence actions to maintain stability and challenge the status quo simultaneously.
At other times, they seek to articulate common values,
direction to gain commitment
Act in a Strategic Way!
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader04/15/2023
The Skills that enable Leaders to Act Strategically
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader04/15/2023
BondingARTISTRY
Bridging
Bartering
Transforming
Managing
Artistry
The Driver of the Strategic Actions
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
There are two directional Influence actions
There are three maneuvering [weaving] actions
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Take Strategic Leadership Questionnaire (SLQ)
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
SL Influence Actions
Description
Managing Actions taken to maintain consistency in order that current
organizational goals are accomplished efficiently and effectively.
Transforming
Actions taken to influence direction, actions, and opinions in order to change organizational conditions and culture so that learning and change occur as a normal routine of the organization.
Bonding
Actions taken to ensure that trust is an attribute of the system and not just something developed among individuals in order that followers' exhibit emotional commitment to the organization's aspirations and values.
BridgingActions are taken to develop alliances with people of power
and influence from outside and inside the organization in order to gain insights, support, and resources.
BarteringActions taken to give something in exchange in order
to strengthen the effectiveness of relationships and alliance building efforts.
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Picture This
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader04/15/2023
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
You need to Do Something Like This القبيل هذا !ن
SLers Lead with a profound sense of the importance of Stability. They keep their balance by maneuvering and adjusting - adjust – adjust and then try to move forward.
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Task 4
Trust the Process
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Trust the ProcessA Process is a systematic series of interdependent actions or steps taken in
order to achieve a particular end.
A اإلجراءات من سلسلة عن عبارة هو عمليةاتخذت التي الخطوات أو المترابطة المنهجية
معينة غاية تحقيق أجل .من
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
Strategic Leaders use a Process called the SL Method to work in a strategic way.
تسمى عملية تستخدم االستراتيجية خياراتاستراتيجية SL الطريقة بطريقة .للعمل
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Working in a Strategic Way
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
Means that Leaders:
Trust the Process –
They are able to use the habits that comprise the strategic leadership method – Anticipating environmental change , Articulating a statement of intent, Aligning people, processes, and structures, and Assuring that the organization produces the intents it seeks and to enable the organization to find its future and make it happen.
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AnticipatingAnticipate Change
Ask: What is going on here?
ArticulatingCreate Direction, a Shared
Reality, Set StrategiesAsk, What needs to happen
here?Aligning
Connect with people, Create Conditions for success, remove
barriers, establish trustAsk, How do we make it happen?
AssuringFocus on results - Hire for technical and cultural fit – Teach the organization's POV Ask, How do we keep making it happen?
The Strategic Leader Method (SLM)
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader04/15/2023
Picture This
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader04/15/2023
The SL Method
What is going on here?
What needs to happen
here?
How do we make it happen?
How do we keep making it happen?
04/15/2023 Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader
Seminar Summary Activity (see Handout)
The Tasks of Strategic Leaders• Building Ambidextrous Organizations• Employing Strategic Thinking• Using a Multifaceted Set of Leader Influence Actions• Trusting the Process by using the SL Method
Directions:
1.As an Individual, think about which tasks are most important for (1) you to Personally develop your capacity, and (2) your Organization or Work Unit’s capacity to innovate, grow, achieve? Provide specific examples.
2.As a group, discuss your examples to begin to clarify that the four tasks are understood and what they mean in practice.
3.Discuss practical ways that you and your organization can develop the capacity to accomplish the tasks of strategic leaders
4.List your ideas for each task on a large sheet of paper.
The Duty of Strategic Leaders is to Find the Future and Make it Happen!
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Join Usjpisapia@fau.edu
• Pisapia, J. (2009). The strategic Leader: New tactics for a globalizing world. Charlotte: NC.
Information Age Publishing
• Join one of SLN's Global Learning Communities!
04/15/2023 Pisapia, J. 2009. The Strategic Leader