THE FEDERALIST DECADEUnit 3.2

1ST President• George Washington

• Elected in 1789, reelected in 1792• Officially not in a political party, but leaned Federalist• Biggest domestic event – Whiskey Rebellion

Treaties under Washington• Jay’s Treaty 1794

• With Britain about:• Problems with Treaty of Paris ’83• British Forts in NW Territory• Americans didn’t uphold loyalist

land claims

• Pinckney’s Treaty 1795• With Spain about:

• Trading rights in New Orleans• Land dispute (West Florida)

• Would be obsolete soon due to France taking over Louisiana

Foreign affairs problems • France and Britain were at war again.

• France called for the U.S. to join them with the Franco-American Alliance• Democratic-Republicans call for us to join France

• Washington makes the Neutrality Proclamation 1793• “Citizen Genet” crisis – tried to trick U.S. to join France

• Federalist call for us to join Britain• Washington stays Neutral

Early Growth• 1st Census – 1790

• Why do we have it?• New States

• Uses rules from Northwest Ordinance• #14 Vermont – 1791• #15 Kentucky – 1792• #16 Tennessee – 1796• (What about the state of Franklin?)

Farewell to GW• In 1796, Washington decided to not continue as President

• Set Precedent – two terms• Gave Farewell Address

• Warned us about two things:• Political Parties• Entangling Alliances (Stay Neutral)

The First “real” election• 1796 Election

• Federalist – John Adams• Dem-Rep – Thomas Jefferson

• Adams wins by 3 electoral votes• Jefferson becomes VP. Why?

GW said to stay neutral• Quasi War with France

• Many skirmishes • XYZ Affair with France

• Delegation was sent to France to negotiate • Were told they would have to pay “tribute” (bribe) to see the

Foreign Minister Talleyrand.• “Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute!”

• Adams resisted his own party’s wishes (and Hamilton’s) for war and stayed neutral.

Political Games• The Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)

• Most immigrants were joining the Democratic-Republicans• Federalists tried to curb the growth of their rival party with

• Changing the number of years before becoming a citizen (to 14)• More power to deport immigrants• Made it illegal for editors to criticize gov’t officials (except for VP)

• What is this the opposite of?

The response to the A & S acts• Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions 1799

• Written by Jefferson and Madison• Most lasting idea – Nullification

• State did not have to obey law of Federal Government• Crisis of Alien and Sedition Acts would fade away with the “revolution of 1800”

Total Change• Revolution of 1800

• 1800 Election• Not only would Jefferson win Presidency, but Dem-Reps would

take over both the House and Senate• “revolution” without a shot being fired

Electoral mess• 1800 election – electoral vote: tie between Burr and

Jefferson, even through Burr was supposed to be his VP• Constitution says if there is not a majority in Electoral College vote,

then the House of Representatives decides.• House ultimately votes Jefferson in.

• 12th amendment – would change it where candidates ran together.

What became of Burr and the Federalists• No Federalist President after

Adams• John Marshall as Chief

Justice would continue Federalist ideas.

• Whig Party would adopt some of the ideas

• Burr conspiracy• Marshall acquits him

• Dual with Hamilton

Reflection Questions• Why did the Federalist try to force the Alien and Sedition

Acts?• How did Adams listen to and not listen to Washington’s

farewell address?• How did events in Europe effect the U.S. during the

1790s?• How is the election of 1800 a revolution?

Links• http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=KaPRnsgFxOU&feature=related – Jefferson Adams “campaign video”

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yduhu4UmXrs&list=UUZYs757tACChkS-vjS1m66Q&index=1&feature=plcp – review video

• http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=15 – farewell address

• http://www.earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/milestones/farewell/ - farewell address