Post on 23-Dec-2015
transcript
The French RevolutionThe French Revolution
From Louis XVI - Napoleon
Background Causes
04/19/23 2
Political reorganization Citizenship and voting based on tax payers Created 83 departments
– Replaced all provincial power– Further crippled nobility
The National Assembly became a house divided. They began to form alliances based on class and belief. The lower classes felt left out…again.
Two New Groups Take Control
Jacobins
RadicalsRadicals wanted the wanted the
king king completely completely out of the out of the picturepicture
Girondins
ModeratesModerates in favor of in favor of
retaining the retaining the constitutional constitutional monarchymonarchy
They Take They Take Control NowControl Now
We better
stop this
This is getting out
of hand
The killed their
King!!!
This is not
good
1792-1793 Other nations of Europe worry that revolution in France will spread to their countries.
Other nations invade France– Austria, Prussia (Germany), Spain, Britain,
wage war on France.– French fight them off
Radicals in France gain even more power
European European neighbors feared neighbors feared that revolution that revolution would spread to would spread to their countries.their countries.
The Counter Revolution
The revolution threatened political and social order across Europe– The Vatican isn’t happy (The French Catholic
church has been attacked and their lands taken away during the Revolution.)
– French Nobility try to fight back.– The King tried to flee, but was caught– Other Monarchs of Europe saw its as a threat
• Frederick II of Prussia vowed to protect Marie Antoinette
France is now a Republic The first acts of the newly named National
Convention: A radical group (Jacobins) took over the
Assembly and declared France a republic.
France is now a Republic In January 1793, the convention tried and
Louis XVI on the grounds of treason.
What’s a Republic?
A political order in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who are entitled to vote for officers and representatives responsible to them.
The radicals were led by Maximilien Robespierre
and set up the Committee on Public Safety.
Radicals Gain Control Maxmilian Robespierre
and the “Committee for Public Safety”– Begin hunting down all
those seen as a threat to the Revolution
– 1793 Louis XVI and Marie sent to the guillotine
Off With Their Heads!!
Simply put…France did away with the monarchy and decided they would be a Republic and Louis lost his head...
Literally.
The King is Dead!!
The King is dead !!!
On a Side Note…
Jack and Jill went up the hill to fetch a pail of waterJack fell down and broke his crownAnd Jill came tumbling after.Up got Jack, and home did trot As fast as he could caperHe went to bed and bound his headWith vinegar and brown paper.
“Reign of Terror”
– “Reign of Terror” Begins• Around 40,000 people
eventually sent to the guillotine
• Nobles, peasants, workers - anyone Robespierre saw as a threat to the revolution
Time when Robespierre was so afraid of opposition that he executed people that mightmight be a threat.
End of Reign of Terror
1794 – National Convention feels Robespierre has gone over the line– He is arrested, tried, convicted
and executed
– Don’t you just love the irony of it all???
Robespierre Is Killed in 1794
Outcome
After the reign of terror the French were fearful of a too powerful government . The Directory was formed to oversee the balance of responsibilities and appointments.
Increased corruption was the result.
Results of the French Revolution
1. Political power in France shifted from
kings and nobility to the bourgeoisie
(middle class).
2. Increased nationalist feelings in France and elsewhere.
3. Ideals of revolution like “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity” spread to other parts of Europe and the world….
Impact of the Revolution Monarchy is gone Old feudal customs are gone Slavery in French colonies abolished
France becomes democratic country– The Directory
• 2 house legislature and committee of 5 Directors
– Inefficient, quarrelsome, – It does not really work
France has LARGE, experienced army– Rising young star in that army – Napoleon Bonaparte