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Memorandum
DATE: September 23, 2011
TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
SUBJECT: Information Regarding the Green Path for Dallas Trash
Please find attached the following information: The June 1st, June 15
th, and September 7
th
Green Path for Dallas Trash briefings, the answers to questions from the September 7 thGreen Path for Dallas Trash briefing, and a fact book related to the Citys proposed
resource flow control ordinance and resource recovery system. These documents provideinformation concerning the following subjects/issues:
History of Garbage Collection
Benefits of Resource Flow Control and a Resource Recovery System
Fiscal Impacts
Other Cities Operations
Environmental Issues
Primary Land Uses Near Landfill
Waste Types
Waste Volumes
Financial Impact to Customers
Steps for Implementation
Should you have any other questions, please contact me.
Ryan S. Evans
Assistant City Manager
CC: Tom Perkins, City AttorneyRosa Rios, Acting City Secretary
Craig Kinton, City Auditor
Judge Victor LanderMary K. Suhm, City Manager
A.C. Gonzalez, Assistant City Manager
Jill A. Jordan, P.E., Assistant City Manager
Forest E. Turner, Assistant City Manager
Joey Zapata, Interim Assistant City ManagerJeanne Chipperfield, Chief Financial Officer
Frank Librio, Public Information OfficerHelena Stevens-Thompson, Assistant to the City Manager
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The Green Path
fromTrash to Treasure
Briefing to City Council
June 1, 2011
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Briefing contents
Dallas green initiatives Broaden our green policies into w
Treating our trash as a valued resource
Making beneficial use and reuse of our solid
Preparing for new technology to replace lan
Proposed ordinance for Council
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Dallas is a green c
Council policies promotesustainability Our Green Accomplishments
Dallas was the first city in nation with citywidISO 14001 certification (environmental standar
We use 40% renewable power
$5.3m saved in energy costs
Our fleet is 38% alternative-fueled
Water usage is down 35% since 1998
Recycling is up 136% since FY07
Revenues of $2.5m in FY10
Landfill gas fuels 25,000 homes each year
Over $1.6m in royalties annually
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Dallas is a green c
Value gained by maintaining sust
Cleaner environment
Dallas as recognized leader
People and businesses want to be he
New revenue sources and savings
Prudent resource management
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1900 1925 1950 1975
> 100 years agoRural populations typically disposed waste in a
ditch out back on their own property or in smallcommunity dumps
~ 50 years ago
Industrialization and urbanizationforced communities to adopt specificplans for disposal
~ 30 years agoStates passed laws requiring dibe engineered, controlled, and Federal authorities standardizenationwide.
~ 20 ye
EPA mSubtitleConser1976 place to
The Evolving Story of Wa
The Past
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1900 1925 1950 1975
> 100 years agoRural populations typically disposed waste in a ditch outback on their own property or in small community dumps
~ 50 years agoIndustrialization and urbanization forced communitiesto adopt specific plans for disposal
~ 30 years agoStates (including Texas) passed laws requiring disposalfacilities to be engineered, controlled, and monitored.Federal authorities standardized waste rules nationwide.
~ 20 years ago
EPA modified federal regulations via Subtitle Dof the Resource Conservation and Recovery Actof 1976
creating standards still in place today.
Neighborhoo
Backyard Com
Landfill
La
The Evolving Story of Wa
The Present
Franc
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1900 1925 1950 1975
> 100 years agoRural populations typically disposed waste in a ditch outback on their own property or in small community dumps
~ 50 years ago
Industrialization and urbanization forced communitiesto adopt specific plans for disposal
~ 30 years agoStates (including Texas) passed laws requiring disposalfacilities to be engineered, controlled, and monitored.Federal authorities standardized waste rules nationwide.
~ 20 years ago
EPA modified federal regulations via Subtitle D(1991) of the Resource Conservation andRecovery Act of 1976
creating standards still
in place today.
Neighborhood Rec
Backyard Compostin
Landfill Gas rec
Landfill B
Upcomi
Advance Waste-to Waste-to Zero-Wa more in d
The Evolving Story of Wa
The Future
Franchising
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Waste service is a fundamental City
Protection of public health and environment ar
Staying at the forefront of industry
Citys facility (McCommas Bluff) at
nationally-recognized for green initiatives
harvesting gas for re-use
alternate-fueled vehicles
diverting re-usable items
How Dallas manages it
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There are alternatives to our waste ser
Keep all services in-house and city-o
City could collect BOTH residential and business
City could own and operate landfill and transfer s
City could manage recycling, composting facilitie
Privatize some or all services above Preserve facility space
Use single-stream recycling in carts, bag, bins, d
Exclude non-Dallas waste from the landfill
Utilize waste-compaction equipment; employ bio
Franchise waste haulers
Allow only one franchisee for all of city waste col
Issue multiple franchises, as open market policy
How Dallas manages it
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How Dallas manages it
Approaches that Dallas has explo
Privatize the waste collection ?
City collects all single-family residen
Tried privatizing in late 1980s
failed to me
City service ranks in Top 5
in the 2009 Dal
In case of contractor failure (i.e., poor servicmust rapidly rebuild staff and equipment to
All business (including multi-family) currently
189 private solid waste haulers are f Considered issuing just one exclusiv
Harmful to the open market
eliminates 188
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How Dallas manages it
Alternatives that Dallas has consi
Privatize the landfill, NO!
Huge city asset
Secure, stable depository for decades to
Value is more than $1billion over its life
Privatize certain functions, Yes
Equipment repair, construction projects,monitoring
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How Dallas manages it
Alternatives that Dallas has cons
Recycle select materials or
Selected single-stream
recycling in blue r
Privatized the sorting and processing
Progressively adding more to the recyclab
Expanded E-wastes and household hazard
Multi-family recycling through drop-off and
Dallas choices for managing the waste stbeyond the immediate benefits and conlong-term value to the community
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The future
More changes coming and fas Stronger focus onsustainability
Trash is seen as a valued
resource Emerging technologies arecreating alternative uses
Energy
Fuels
Reusable products
Each waste item has value Landfills become obsolete
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Were ready
Already keeping pace with progre Heres three ways ..Promotes recycling and reuse of re
136,250 tons diverted FY10
Old pavement
Tree limbs & brush
Scrap tires
1
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Were ready
Already keeping pace with progre
Applies biotechnology practices
Accelerates trash decomposition
Creates additional waste space
2
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Already keeping pace with progre
Generates green energy from land
Protective of air quality
Provides fuel
sufficient to heat 25,000 hom
FY10 royalty of $1.6m
3
Were ready
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Preparing for the fu
Landfill has an ample capacity
Current life is 45 years remaining
Additional 47 years* available bringing the total to 9
Technology (now and future)
will make good use
resource stream and leave landfill space u
* Biotechnology = 10 years
New landfill space = 37 years
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Landfill will take on new
Become Resource Recovery Materials arrive are sorted, and b
Baled materials marketed and so
Some items will be processed in become a renewable energy sou
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Todays wastes
are
future resources Capture and storethese resources now
Later, recover anduse as newtechnologies evolve
Future value may bequite extraordinary
Preparing for the fu
Use facility as a storage vault
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Preparing for the fu
Make good use of the vault
Stockpile todays resources
we have the space
Hold for future uses, such as:
Waste-to-electricity projects
Waste-to-fuel facilities
Advanced recycling / re-use opportunities
Simple to do:
Half of Dallas
resource stream is flowing OUT
dont let it go !
Use ordinance authority to direct all
Dallas wa
to McCommas Bluff/Bachman Transfer Statio
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WMT - Skyline Landfill
Republic Farmers Branch
WMT
DFW Landfill
10.5mi
Heresresou
Bachman TransferStation/future Waste-to-Energy Facility
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NewResource Control Oalso called waste flow controlor
Adopting a Resource Control ordinance means thwaste within Dallas must
use city facilities
(i.e., McC
transfer sites)
About half of these resourcesare going to landfilDallas
New ordinance redirects the resourcesfrom hau
tons per year to 1.9m tons/year
We have the obligation to manageour solid waste materials
Protecting the public health and theenvironment
Maximizing all city assets to communitybenefit
getting the recycling and energy
value from the waste resource
U.S. Supreme Court reinforced this ina 2007 decision
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Financial Impac
Operational
$5m in first year, decreasing to $3m per
Needed for:
equipment, manpower, infrastructure improv
environmental monitoring, TCEQ permit cha
Revenue
850,000 more tons annually
nearly do
Equates to $18m in additional annual re(or$15m with a Jan 2012 start date)
Net financial impact = $13m to
$15m ann
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How other cities direct th
Two primary methods - each hachallenges that may appeal or deter vario
Waste flow control ordinance
Exclusive franchise agreement
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How other cities direct t
Waste Control ordinance:In Texas: El Paso passed ordinato be implemented in FY13
Nationally:
Jacksonville, FL
Urbana, IL,
Seattle, WA
Portland, OR Palm Beach Co, FL
Lancaster Co
Snomish County, WA
Franklin Co, O
San Jose, CA
Exclusive franchise agreement
Arlington, Grand Prairie, NTMWD, College
Allows only one hauler
eliminating all ot
In meetings with staff, haulers voice stronthis concept
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Options to consid
Continue with current appro Others capitalize on Dallas reso City then less able to implement technologies
Take control of our useful r By pursuing an exclusive franchis Does gain control over resouEliminates 188 waste haulers in Da
OR Adopt new Resource Control ord
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Summary
Waste is a valuable resource Great opportunities emerging to turn energy and fuel
City can capitalize on the resources
immediate and long-term benefit Or leave it to othersto utilize them
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Recommendatio
Proceed with:
Completing resourcecontrolordinancreview
Anticipate a 2012 implementation date
Prepare the affected commun
Continue meeting with solid waste haustakeholders
Collaborate to resolve concerns
Prepare facility to accept new
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APPENDIX
Supplementary Informat
A-1
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Resource ControlOrdinBasic Points
All solid waste generated within city limitsdisposed at city owned or operated facilit
Director has the authority to designate di
Includes landfill and transfer stations
Haulers commit offense if they deposit an
City (via SAN director) may curtail, tempoor permanently halt any disposal violatorordinance
Effective date of ordinance will allow for hresolve contract matters with customers
A-2
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Industrys view of the f
April 2011 Green Brainstorms conferencFortuneteamed up with its program partnersThe Natur
NRDC, and the Environmental Defense Fundto gathpeople we know" in sustainability from business, goveThis session focused on the key emerging environmeninnovative ways that companies can drive sustainabilittransformational change initiatives.
LAGUNA NIGUEL, CALIF. -
At the Fortune: GREEN B
Monday, Waste Management (WM) CEO David Steinintriguing case to light: Increasingly, waste companieand more valuable uses for our garbage. Steiner saadditional value that WM is able to pull from ordinary hits competitors, one day consumers may just get paid fcan extract $100 to $200 of value out of a ton of ma
paying the customers,
he says. It is a once-in-a lifetime
ago years ago, you wouldnt have heard those words come o
Hear all of the conference on: http://www.fortuneconferences
A-3
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Industrys view of the f
From the New York Times, April
Europe Finds Clean Energy in Trash, but
With all these innovations, Denmark now regards clean alternative fuel rather than a smelly, unsightthe incinerators, known as waste-to-energy plantsconsiderable cachet as communities like Horsholmbuilt
A-4
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Industrys view of the fMSW Management magazine
June 2006
The Time Has Come For Conversion TechnologiesFor as long as civilizations have generated solid wastes, the accepted dispo
landfillingdespite advancements in technology and environmental imEurope and Japan, new processes for treating MSW, called conversiowidely implemented. Many of these facilities are in operation, and otherConversion technologies use advanced thermal, biological, or chemicacarbon-based portion of the MSW stream into useful products, includin
green
fuels, or chemicals.Conversion Technologies 101
Conversion technologies (CTs) include a wide range of processes that can thermal, biological, and chemical technologies (some approaches involThermal CTs
are well developed overseas, and include gasification, py
these, such as plasma gasification and processes that combine gasificaPyrolysis is the thermal degradation of organic materials, using an indirect
1,650 degrees F in the absence of oxygen, to produce a synthetic gas, char.
Gasification is the thermal conversion of organic materials, using direct heF with a limited supply of oxygen, producing a syngas.
A-5
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A-6
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The Green Path from Trash t
Follow-Up Informato the June 1 Briefing
Briefing to City CouncilJune 15, 2011
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2
Topics of Discussion the June 1, 2011 Brie
(1) Long-Term Vision for Resource Flow
(2) Surrounding area
(3) Truck traffic
(4) Air quality and litter
(5) Financial summary
(6) Other issues
(7) Short-term and Long-term benefits
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(1) Long-Term Visionfor Resource Flow Co
Critical step to initiating green energy from city resources Dallas resource stream becomes attractive
entrepreneurs of waste-to-energy technolo
Steps up schedule to build Resource Reco
across the city No longer 20 years away but can start in next
Can use all transfer sites and landfill
Creates jobs, manages our resources, secures
Provides excellent base for environmental curricampuses
Broadly extends Dallas green profile State-of-the-art technology puts Dallas at le
green practices nationally
Ultimately, eliminates need for landfilling
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4
Resource Recovery Facilityin Bad Marienberg, Germany
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5
Resourcin
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6
(2) Surrounding Are
Primary land uses near landfFloodplain
Freeway right-of-way
EcoPark future center for educatioresource reuse facilities
Various commercial and industria
Secondary land use16 residences* within a mile of la
10 are directly adjacent to landfill access ro
* Figures are based on review of active utility accounts and visual survey
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9
(3) Truck traffic
All trucks affected by ordinance are alreadyDallas - no new truck trips are created
Haulers (not currently using city landfill) will alter routecity facilities May change traffic count on freeways but only one-te
Current traffic at city facilities: 2,000 truck-trips daily at McCommas - with capacity fo 550 truck-trips daily at Bachman - with capacity for
Projected traffic changes under new ordina 86 trucks (that use non-city landfills) will now go to McCo Equals 760* truck-trips (or 380 round-trips) as each
trips daily 70 trucks are projected to use McCommas (for 62 16 trucks are projected to use Bachman (for 140
* 380 round-trips (or 760 single trips) are based on 3,125 tons/day (= 9being hauled at a rate of 7-10 tons per truck load
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0
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2
(4) Air Quality and L
Air quality is regionalconcernAll vehicles affected by the ordinance a
operating in the region none are adde
No change in vehicle emissions
All 760 truck trips are and will continue within the north Texas air quality regio
Hauling distances should be unchange Two city facilities will be available to all was Haul distances from anywhere in city will be
McCommas Bluff to the south-southeast
Bachman Transfer to the northwest
Haulers may change their routing somdistances slightly, some will increase s
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3
(4) Air Quality and Litte
Wind-blown litter
City code requires all haulers to secure theprevent litter, particulates, or spills from esvehicle. Penalties for failing to do so are sp
Haulers utilize enclosed trash hoppers, se
and removable tarps as securing methods
Landfill and transfer sites use litter crews dany errant litter along the roadways within the sites
No history of chronic litter problems from tr
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4
Sealed and tarped trucks at landfill
Litter crewlandfil
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5
(5) Financial Summ
Budget Detail: Resource Flow Con
REVENUES
Current Landfill Revenue
Incoming
tons
Full Year
(12-month)
Revenue
R1) Contract Hauler Tons 390,001 7,344,137$ $
R2) Non-contract hauler tons 472,776 10,164,680$ $
TOTAL Current Revenue Tons 862,777 17,508,817$
New RevenueAdded funds from Resource Flow
Control ordinance 900,000 18,807,104$
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(5) Financial SummaryBudget Detail: Resource Flow Con
EXPENSES
E1) Landfill Ops Units
Full Year
(12-month)
Expenses
Labor (with benefits, OT, misc) 20 1,001,281$ $
Supplies (fuel, parts,
communications) 1,689,901$ $
Services (eq. maint., TCEQ fee,
debt service for waste cells) 1,096,123$ $
Subtotal 1: 3,787,305$ $
E2) Transfer Ops
Labor 9 432,456$ $
Operation of transfer trucks 5 301,901$ $
Purchase/payment on trucks 5 232,875$ $
Additonal heavy equipment 54,855$ $
Subtotal 2: 1,022,087$ $
E3) MiscField Enforcement 109,200$ $
Audit Management 65,000$ $
Subtotal 3: 174,200$ $
TOTAL Expenses (related to ordinance) 4,983,592$ $
NET Revenue (after Expenses): 13,823,512$ $
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(6) Other issues
Use of one transfer site only Additional waste resource stream can be read
McCommas and Bachman Bachman has capacity to double its incoming s Other transfer sites are smaller; sized for use b
collection trucks
Both sites are easily accessible from highway making them desirable to haulers for quick t
Hours of operation Current hours will meet new demand
Landfill: Mon-Fri. 5:00am to 8:00pm
Sat .. 6:00am to 4:00pmSun .. closed
Bachman: Mon-Sat 7:30 am 5:00pm
Sun . closed
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8
(6) Other issues, con
Financial impact to business customers No changes likely on balance
McCommas gate fee to remain competitive with Good for Dallas business customers
Competitive nature of hauling business
Ordinance will level the playing field for all haulers wh Hauling services from one provider to another are typic
other
Hauler with out-of-city landfill may tend to increase feewho may then seek (and find) a lower-priced competit
Option to increase franchise fee Franchise fee required to be based on cost to mainta
Haulers effect on infrastructure does not currently w
Any franchise fee increase is a cost borne by the Da
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(7) Short and Long-Term Short term: Years 1 to 2
10-20 new jobs at landfill, transfer sites Secure the control of the resource stream
Increased diversion of brush waste New revenue stream to General Fund
Storage of waste/resources at landfill until needed
Mid-term: Years 2 to 5 Initiate pilots of Resource Recovery Facilities at McComma
Divert 20% of waste stream to expanded recycling capabilities
Add revenue-share from expanded recycling Create 100 new jobs
Start new educational curricula with area campuses for ecolo Determine ideal waste-to-energy option and strategy to imple
Long-term: Years 5 to 20 Fully-implemented Resource Recovery Facilities CITYWIDE
Divert ALL of waste stream into green energy generation
Virtually eliminate need for landfill disposal Mine old waste from landfill deposits as feedstock to Resource Recove
Create up 500 new jobs across city Expand educational opportunities for green energyrelated Partially offset citys expenses for green fuels, renewable ele Generate green revenue from savings or sales of recovered Fuel Sanitations fleet with gas generated from landfill Create new use for no-longer-needed landfill acreage
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0
SUMMARY
Landfill has ample life capacity Levels the playing field for waste haulers Cost to Dallas businesses unchanged Freeway traffic changes no more than on
16 residences within 1-mile of landfill, withclose enough to see traffic changes
Multiple benefits on short- and long-term Supports production of bio-fuels, green energy
use Creates an estimated 500 jobs over long-term
Simplifies residents waste disposal with a ONstream system
Encourages new environmental curricula for D Ends needs for landfill can find new use for t
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Further Questions
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2
Appendix A
Excerpt from City CodChapter 18, Section 45Securing of Waste-Hauling Vehic
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3
SEC. 18-45. REQUIREMENTS FOR SOLID WASTE COLLECTION VEHI
(a) Any vehicle used for transporting dry solid waste material within the
(1) be fitted with a substantial, tight-fitting enclosure that is free of an
has side boards and head boards of not less than 24 inches in height and a ta
inches in height, to prevent waste material from being scattered or thrown ont
(2) be equipped with a closely fitting cover that must be used to prev
material or effluvia; and
(3) be equipped with any other equipment required to comply with al
state motor vehicle safety standards.
(b) Any vehicle used for transporting wet solid waste material within the
(1) be fitted with a substantial, tight-fitting enclosure, with the deck, sconstructed of sheet steel so that the vehicle may be easily cleaned and with
inches high and the tail board not less than 18 inches high;
(2) have a tight-fitting cover to prevent spillage;
(3) when carrying cans to transport wet solid waste material, use onl
fitting lids and holding chains so that the cans will not turn over and spill;
(4) not have any drain holes in the sides of the vehicle and must hav
deck of the vehicle capped to prevent spillage or leakage; and
(5) be equipped with any other equipment required to comply with al
state motor vehicle safety standards. (Ord. Nos. 14219; 21058; 26480; 26608
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4
Appendix B
Draft Ordinance forResource Flow Contr
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5
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Appendix C
Briefing of 06/01/11The Green Path from Trash to
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The Green Path
fromTrash to Treasure
Briefing to City Council
June 1, 2011
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Briefing contents
Dallas green initiatives Broaden our green policies into w
Treating our trash as a valued resource
Making beneficial use and reuse of our solid
Preparing for new technology to replace lan
Proposed ordinance for Council
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Dallas is a green c
Council policies promotesustainability Our Green Accomplishments
Dallas was the first city in nation with citywidISO 14001 certification (environmental standar
We use 40% renewable power
$5.3m saved in energy costs
Our fleet is 38% alternative-fueled
Water usage is down 35% since 1998
Recycling is up 136% since FY07
Revenues of $2.5m in FY10
Landfill gas fuels 25,000 homes each year
Over $1.6m in royalties annually
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Dallas is a green c
Value gained by maintaining sust
Cleaner environment
Dallas as recognized leader
People and businesses want to be he
New revenue sources and savings
Prudent resource management
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1900 1925 1950 1975
> 100 years agoRural populations typically disposed waste in a
ditch out back on their own property or in smallcommunity dumps
~ 50 years ago
Industrialization and urbanizationforced communities to adopt specificplans for disposal
~ 30 years agoStates passed laws requiring dibe engineered, controlled, and Federal authorities standardizenationwide.
~ 20 ye
EPA mSubtitleConser1976 place to
The Evolving Story of Wa
The Past
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1900 1925 1950 1975
> 100 years agoRural populations typically disposed waste in a ditch outback on their own property or in small community dumps
~ 50 years agoIndustrialization and urbanization forced communitiesto adopt specific plans for disposal
~ 30 years agoStates (including Texas) passed laws requiring disposalfacilities to be engineered, controlled, and monitored.Federal authorities standardized waste rules nationwide.
~ 20 years ago
EPA modified federal regulations via Subtitle Dof the Resource Conservation and Recovery Actof 1976
creating standards still in place today.
Neighborhoo
Backyard Com
Landfill
La
The Evolving Story of Wa
The Present
Franc
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1900 1925 1950 1975
> 100 years agoRural populations typically disposed waste in a ditch outback on their own property or in small community dumps
~ 50 years ago
Industrialization and urbanization forced communitiesto adopt specific plans for disposal
~ 30 years agoStates (including Texas) passed laws requiring disposalfacilities to be engineered, controlled, and monitored.Federal authorities standardized waste rules nationwide.
~ 20 years ago
EPA modified federal regulations via Subtitle D(1991) of the Resource Conservation andRecovery Act of 1976
creating standards still
in place today.
Neighborhood Rec
Backyard Compostin
Landfill Gas rec
Landfill B
Upcomi
Advance Waste-to Waste-to Zero-Wa more in d
The Evolving Story of Wa
The Future
Franchising
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Waste service is a fundamental City
Protection of public health and environment ar
Staying at the forefront of industry
Citys facility (McCommas Bluff) at
nationally-recognized for green initiatives
harvesting gas for re-use
alternate-fueled vehicles
diverting re-usable items
How Dallas manages it
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There are alternatives to our waste ser
Keep all services in-house and city-o
City could collect BOTH residential and business
City could own and operate landfill and transfer s
City could manage recycling, composting facilitie
Privatize some or all services above Preserve facility space
Use single-stream recycling in carts, bag, bins, d
Exclude non-Dallas waste from the landfill
Utilize waste-compaction equipment; employ bio
Franchise waste haulers
Allow only one franchisee for all of city waste col
Issue multiple franchises, as open market policy
How Dallas manages it
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How Dallas manages it
Approaches that Dallas has explo
Privatize the waste collection ?
City collects all single-family residen
Tried privatizing in late 1980s
failed to me
City service ranks in Top 5
in the 2009 Dal
In case of contractor failure (i.e., poor servicmust rapidly rebuild staff and equipment to
All business (including multi-family) currently
189 private solid waste haulers are f Considered issuing just one exclusiv
Harmful to the open market
eliminates 188
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How Dallas manages it
Alternatives that Dallas has consi
Privatize the landfill, NO!
Huge city asset
Secure, stable depository for decades to
Value is more than $1billion over its life
Privatize certain functions, Yes
Equipment repair, construction projects,monitoring
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How Dallas manages it
Alternatives that Dallas has cons
Recycle select materials or
Selected single-stream
recycling in blue r
Privatized the sorting and processing
Progressively adding more to the recyclab
Expanded E-wastes and household hazard
Multi-family recycling through drop-off and
Dallas choices for managing the waste stbeyond the immediate benefits and conlong-term value to the community
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The future
More changes coming and fas Stronger focus onsustainability
Trash is seen as a valued
resource Emerging technologies arecreating alternative uses
Energy
Fuels
Reusable products
Each waste item has value Landfills become obsolete
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Were ready
Already keeping pace with progre Heres three ways ..Promotes recycling and reuse of re
136,250 tons diverted FY10
Old pavement
Tree limbs & brush
Scrap tires
1
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Were ready
Already keeping pace with progre
Applies biotechnology practices
Accelerates trash decomposition
Creates additional waste space
2
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Already keeping pace with progre
Generates green energy from land
Protective of air quality
Provides fuel
sufficient to heat 25,000 hom
FY10 royalty of $1.6m
3
Were ready
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Preparing for the fu
Landfill has an ample capacity
Current life is 45 years remaining
Additional 47 years* available bringing the total to 9
Technology (now and future)
will make good use
resource stream and leave landfill space u
* Biotechnology = 10 years
New landfill space = 37 years
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Landfill will take on new
Become Resource Recovery Materials arrive are sorted, and b
Baled materials marketed and so
Some items will be processed in become a renewable energy sou
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Todays wastes
are
future resources Capture and storethese resources now
Later, recover anduse as newtechnologies evolve
Future value may bequite extraordinary
Preparing for the fu
Use facility as a storage vault
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Preparing for the fu
Make good use of the vault
Stockpile todays resources
we have the space
Hold for future uses, such as:
Waste-to-electricity projects
Waste-to-fuel facilities
Advanced recycling / re-use opportunities
Simple to do:
Half of Dallas
resource stream is flowing OUT
dont let it go !
Use ordinance authority to direct all
Dallas wa
to McCommas Bluff/Bachman Transfer Statio
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WMT - Skyline Landfill
Republic Farmers Branch
WMT
DFW Landfill
10.5mi
Heresresou
Bachman TransferStation/future Waste-to-Energy Facility
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NewResource Control Oalso called waste flow controlor
Adopting a Resource Control ordinance means thwaste within Dallas must
use city facilities
(i.e., McC
transfer sites)
About half of these resourcesare going to landfilDallas
New ordinance redirects the resourcesfrom hau
tons per year to 1.9m tons/year
We have the obligation to manageour solid waste materials
Protecting the public health and theenvironment
Maximizing all city assets to communitybenefit
getting the recycling and energy
value from the waste resource
U.S. Supreme Court reinforced this ina 2007 decision
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Financial Impac
Operational
$5m in first year, decreasing to $3m per
Needed for:
equipment, manpower, infrastructure improv
environmental monitoring, TCEQ permit cha
Revenue
850,000 more tons annually
nearly do
Equates to $18m in additional annual re(or$15m with a Jan 2012 start date)
Net financial impact = $13m to
$15m ann
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How other cities direct th
Two primary methods - each hachallenges that may appeal or deter vario
Waste flow control ordinance
Exclusive franchise agreement
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How other cities direct t
Waste Control ordinance:In Texas: El Paso passed ordinato be implemented in FY13
Nationally:
Jacksonville, FL
Urbana, IL,
Seattle, WA
Portland, OR Palm Beach Co, FL
Lancaster Co
Snomish County, WA
Franklin Co, O
San Jose, CA
Exclusive franchise agreement
Arlington, Grand Prairie, NTMWD, College
Allows only one hauler
eliminating all ot
In meetings with staff, haulers voice stronthis concept
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Options to consid
Continue with current appro Others capitalize on Dallas reso City then less able to implement technologies
Take control of our useful r By pursuing an exclusive franchis Does gain control over resouEliminates 188 waste haulers in Da
OR Adopt new Resource Control ord
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Summary
Waste is a valuable resource Great opportunities emerging to turn energy and fuel
City can capitalize on the resources
immediate and long-term benefit Or leave it to othersto utilize them
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Recommendatio
Proceed with:
Completing resourcecontrolordinancreview
Anticipate a 2012 implementation date
Prepare the affected commun
Continue meeting with solid waste haustakeholders
Collaborate to resolve concerns
Prepare facility to accept new
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APPENDIX
Supplementary Informat
A-1
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Resource ControlOrdinBasic Points
All solid waste generated within city limitsdisposed at city owned or operated facilit
Director has the authority to designate di
Includes landfill and transfer stations
Haulers commit offense if they deposit an
City (via SAN director) may curtail, tempoor permanently halt any disposal violatorordinance
Effective date of ordinance will allow for hresolve contract matters with customers
A-2
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Industrys view of the f
April 2011 Green Brainstorms conferencFortuneteamed up with its program partnersThe Natur
NRDC, and the Environmental Defense Fundto gathpeople we know" in sustainability from business, goveThis session focused on the key emerging environmeninnovative ways that companies can drive sustainabilittransformational change initiatives.
LAGUNA NIGUEL, CALIF. -
At the Fortune: GREEN B
Monday, Waste Management (WM) CEO David Steinintriguing case to light: Increasingly, waste companieand more valuable uses for our garbage. Steiner saadditional value that WM is able to pull from ordinary hits competitors, one day consumers may just get paid fcan extract $100 to $200 of value out of a ton of ma
paying the customers,
he says. It is a once-in-a lifetime
ago years ago, you wouldnt have heard those words come o
Hear all of the conference on: http://www.fortuneconferences
A-3
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Industrys view of the f
From the New York Times, April
Europe Finds Clean Energy in Trash, but
With all these innovations, Denmark now regards clean alternative fuel rather than a smelly, unsightthe incinerators, known as waste-to-energy plantsconsiderable cachet as communities like Horsholmbuilt
A-4
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Industrys view of the fMSW Management magazine
June 2006
The Time Has Come For Conversion TechnologiesFor as long as civilizations have generated solid wastes, the accepted dispo
landfillingdespite advancements in technology and environmental imEurope and Japan, new processes for treating MSW, called conversiowidely implemented. Many of these facilities are in operation, and otherConversion technologies use advanced thermal, biological, or chemicacarbon-based portion of the MSW stream into useful products, includin
green
fuels, or chemicals.Conversion Technologies 101
Conversion technologies (CTs) include a wide range of processes that can thermal, biological, and chemical technologies (some approaches involThermal CTs
are well developed overseas, and include gasification, py
these, such as plasma gasification and processes that combine gasificaPyrolysis is the thermal degradation of organic materials, using an indirect
1,650 degrees F in the absence of oxygen, to produce a synthetic gas, char.
Gasification is the thermal conversion of organic materials, using direct heF with a limited supply of oxygen, producing a syngas.
A-5
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A-6
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The GreeDallas
Briefing toSeptem
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22
PURPOSE of Briefin
Review the steps-to-date on the topic Control
Advise Council of input from commun
Describe possible scenario to stimulain South East Oak Cliff (SEOC)
Recommend proceeding with ordinanestablishment of SEOC stimulus fund
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Steps-to-date
Council budget workshops in FY10 and Brainstorming ideas included waste flow control Council requested for further information to evaluat
Two Council briefings in June 2011 June 1 and June 15
Synopsis of each to follow in todays briefing
Follow-up meetings Community meetings
Discussions with Dallas businesses and institutions
City Manager meeting with waste industry represen
State and Federal environmental regulators: EPA a
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Steps-to-date: June br Dallas green initiatives are numerous a
Green fleet, water conservation, renewable power, re
First city with city-wide ISO 14001 certification (enviro
Broaden green policies further into wast Progress to date:
Household recycling under OneDAY Dallas
(multi-family recycling through many drop-off sites)
Landfill recycles scrap tires, tree limbs,
old pavements
Landfill accelerates waste decomposition,
producing renewablegas source
More to come
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New technologies: Waste has many s Energy - conversion of waste to gas or electric Fuel - conversion of waste to synthetic fuels
Reuse - sorting of waste into many more recy
Each waste item has value
Current recycling efforts divert 10% -25% of w
New technologies can divert 65% - 95% from
Each second use benefits environment
Each second use has monetary value
Landfills may become obsoleteas waste becomes valued resource
Steps-to-date: June b
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Make use of these resources Dallas landfill can be storage vault
Steps-to-date: June br
Todays wastes are future resources
Capture and store them now
Plan and build a system to recoverthese resources
Then, divert all waste to ResourceRecovery facilities and evenretrieve previously buried resourcesfor their value
Future value may be quiteextraordinary
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Designing & Building a Resource Reco Requires a steady stream of incoming waste / reso
Resource Flow Control ordinancewill secure a s
With a dedicated and reliable waste stream establisprivate investors to build a Resource Recovery syst
What is a Resource Recovery system ? A synchronized set of facilities to accept waste and
material replacing existing waste transfer stations
Where?
First site for facility: McCommas Bluff Landfill
Subsequent sites: selected to accommodate short ha
Examples of existing Resource Recovery Facilities
Steps-to-date: June br
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8
City of Dallas
Disposal Facilities
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99
Resource Recovery Facility(Germany)
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0
AerRos
F
0.8 mile
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InResourc
in
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2
and Resource
Recovery Facility
Future
Cal Statecampusexpansion
Future
BusinessPark
New SFR
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Multiple benefits from Resource Recov Replaces landfill and transfer stations with Re
Transforms waste industry into CLEAN recover
Ultimately, eliminates need for landfilling
Creates jobs (about 100 jobs per facility; approx. 5
Provides a green energy source for City use
Good management of resources State-of-the-art technology puts Dallas at leading edg
of green practices nationally
Establishes an excellent base for environmentDallas campuses
Steps-to-date: June br
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44
Steps-to-date:
Community Meetin
June 28 at Paul Quinn College Open meeting drew 250-300 from community Q & A session
July 14 at Paul Quinn College Brainstorming session on needs for South East O
community with Paul Quinn team and city staff
Aug 4 at Tommie Allen Recreation Center Arranged by City with direction from DMPT Atkin Attended by 24 community representatives and c Representatives from community organizations
briefings and discussed opportunities for econominvestment
Community wants to see funds used for neighbo
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Aug 11 - at City Managers office Waste industry representatives voice concerns w They promise to provide information to substanti
Aug 29 at Landfill Administrative Offices NAACP representative toured landfill and asked
effects of Resource Flow Control on surrounding
Sep 1 at City Hall EPA coordinates meeting with City staff, TCEQ, NAACP inquiring about assessing possible healt
traffic Will continue discussions
Steps-to-date:
Meetings, continued
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Steps-to-date:
Talking with Dallas busin
Waste haulers Individual franchised haulers Group meetings with national solid waste profession
Dallas businesses Apartment Association of Greater Dallas DISD Hotel Association of North Texas Greater Dallas Restaurant Association
Others
Regulatory agencies (EPA, TCEQ) Recycling entities Media interests
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77
Steps-to-date:
What the community is s
Residents in South East Oak Cliff Want assurances that neighborhoods will not be adversely impacted Want to see re-investment that will improve and grow their neighbor Seek dedicated funding and ability to advise on how to use funds
Waste haulers Some are worried that they will lose business to their own out-of-cit
Some expect to see increase in cost of their service Prefer freedom to select the disposal location of their choice Some haulers support the Citys green initiatives and see no adve
Dallas businesses Want to know if they will see any significant increase in cost of their Strongly oppose the cost increase that others have proposed via hik Want to maintain competition among waste haulers (rather than exc
Others Strongly supportive of policy to recycle / re-use in place of landfilling Seek assurances to minimize any negative environmental impact (i.
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88
Moving Forward, cont
Establish an Economic Stimulus entity foSouth East Oak Cliff neighborhoods ne
-- Create a City fund dedicated to development pbring positive economic impact to communities ne
-- Utilize input from community advisory panel fo
Key featuresVision and Planning
Identify communitys needs and how they want theilook in the long-term
May benefit from input of professional planner
Governance / Advisory Group Community representatives to give critical input to forstructure of the Advisory group
Community to establish its own vision and goals
City to provide collaborative support, as needed, withleadership from Office of Economic Development
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99
Moving Forward, cont
Key features of SEOC Economic Stimulu
Operating Policies Develop policies by the Advisory Group on
Set procedures for reporting to Council
Source of funding: New commercial tons to Resource Flow Control ordinance will gene
850-900k tons of waste
SEOC fund to be 6% of new revenue, not-t
New revenue from disposal fee* = $17.4m
SEOC Fund = 6% of new revenue = $1.0m
First year of new ordinance may yield a franew tons; Citys revenues and SEOC fund proportionately lower in first year
* uses an average disposal fee of $20.50/ton, based on posted gate r
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00
Moving Forward, cont
Key features of SEOC Economic Stimulu
Geographical bounds Center on the neighborhoods and features within a to
distance from landfill entrance
Select boundaries with input from community and city
Project Types Focus on development and re-development strategie
Example projects: Retail structures, medical facilities
Recognize (and capitalize on) other
Educational corridor Simpson Stuart / Camp Wisdo Support from private foundations
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Next Steps
Two agenda items for concurreOrdinance for resource flow control
Approve Sept 28, 2011 for start date of Jan
Council Resolution to establish Sou(SEOC) Economic Stimulus Fund
City staff to work with community to:- establish policies- develop action plans
Submit draft operating plan for review in N
SEOC Advisory Group to be operational Q
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22
Looking Forward into
SEOC Economic Stimulus Fund
City staff to team up with community to:- establish policies and procedures and operatingparameters for the fund
- develop goals strategies and action plans for utilizationof invested funds
Submit operating plan for Council concurrence in SEOC Economic Stimulus is funded starting in FYaccrued in previous FY
Funding continues for 20-year period
Initiate plans for Resource Recovery System
Further examine range of technologies suitable for Recovery operations
Coordinate with regulatory agencies on facility sitin
Issue requests for qualifications (in FY12) and propcity in designing and implementing
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33
DISCUSSION
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44
Appendix A:
Questions Voiced abResource Flow Cont
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55
Truck Traffic
No significant change in citywide traf
All trucks affected by ordinance are aoperating in Dallas - no new truck created
Some haulers will alter routes to use Decreases miles for some; increases for others
Projected traffic changes under new 86 trucks (that now use other landfills) will go to McCo
Equals 380 round-trips daily (each truck makes 4-5 r
70 trucks are projected to use McCommas (
16 trucks are projected to use Bachman (for
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88
Air Quality
Air quality is regionalconcernAll vehicles affected by the ordinance a
operating in the region none are adde
No change in vehicle emissions
All trucks are and will continue to operanorth Texas air quality region
Hauling distances should be unchange Two city facilities will be available to all was Haul distances from anywhere in city will be
McCommas Bluff to the south-southeast
Bachman Transfer to the northwest
Haulers may change their routing somdistances slightly, some will increase s
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99
Air Quality
Air quality monitoring on-going at Landfill TCEQ has issued an air permit to Landfill to meet ai Stringent regulatory requirements to measure / repo
Methane
Non-methane volatile organics
Particulates
Other
Also, monthly monitoring at 300 gas wells for volatileoxygen
All reports to TCEQ; full compliance maintained Annual reports from 2001 to now
Air monitoring - Regionally
Four monitoring points at:
3049 Morrell
Dallas Executive Airport
Love Field
Dallas Convention Center
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00
Litter
Wind-blown litter
City code requires all haulers to secure theprevent litter, particulates, or spills from esvehicle. Penalties for failing to do so are sp
Haulers utilize enclosed trash hoppers, se
and removable tarps as securing methods
Landfill and transfer sites use litter crews dany errant litter along the roadways within the sites
No history of chronic litter problems from tr
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Sealed and tarped trucks at landfill
Litter crewlandfil
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22
Other issues
Use of one transfer site only Additional waste resource stream can be read
McCommas and Bachman Bachman has capacity to double its incoming s Other transfer sites are smaller; sized for use b
collection trucks
Both sites are easily accessible from highway making them desirable to haulers for quick t
Hours of operation Current hours will meet new demand
Landfill: Mon-Fri. 5:00am to 8:00pm
Sat .. 6:00am to 4:00pmSun .. closed
Bachman: Mon-Sat 7:30 am 5:00pm
Sun . closed
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33
Other issues, contd
Financial impact to business customers No changes likely on balance
McCommas gate fee to remain competitive with Good for Dallas business customers
Competitive nature of hauling business
Ordinance will level the playing field for all haulers wh Hauling services from one provider to another are typic
other
Hauler with out-of-city landfill may tend to increase feewho may then seek (and find) a lower-priced competit
Option to increase franchise fee Franchise fee required to be based on cost to mainta
Haulers effect on infrastructure does not currently w
Any franchise fee increase is a cost borne by the Da
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44
Appendix B:
Other major landfill owners preResource Recovery faci
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55
Waste management: Not just trash anymoEying its future, Houston company focusing m
turning what it collects into energyBy BRETT CLANTON HOUSTON CHRONICLE
Sunday 08/21/2011 Houston Chronicle, Section Business, Page 1, 3 STA
By any measure, Waste Management is a giant in the U.S. garbag
and recycling business, but its future may lie in a different service: energy.
That helps explain why the Houston company recently has been botechnologies that can convert much of what goes in the landfill and other energy products. While those investments are still rethat collected $12.5 billion in revenue last year and 100 million highlight a shift in the way the country's biggest garbage haulewell as waste itself.
"In my mind, it's pretty simple why we're doing it: If we don't figure and they'll take the waste away from us. If we lose the waste, business," said Carl Rush, vice president of the company's org
chief vehicle for its energy investments.The shift in thinking comes at a time when U.S. landfill collections a
Americans recycle more, consumer products makers reduce palarge corporations adopt "zero waste" goals.
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Appendix C:
Draft Ordinance forResource Flow Contr
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Memorandum
DATE September 16, 2011
TO Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
SUBJECT Answers to questions from the September 7 TheGreen Path for Dallas Trash briefing
On September 7th, City Council heard the briefing: The Green Path for Dallas Trash. In thediscussion after the briefing, Councilmembers raised several topics requiring follow-upinformation. This memo addresses those topics.
1) What types of wastes are accepted at the McCommas Bluff Landfill?The landfill has been permitted to accept non-hazardous solid waste and has accepted onlynon-hazardous waste since opening in 1980. Residential waste and waste of commercial origincompose the vast majority of material accepted at the landfill, with a small percentage of industrywaste. Because of the multi-layered waste screening methods used at the site, hazardouswaste can be readily detected (whenever any are presented) and removed from the site.
2) Provide more information on the Resource Recovery facility in Roseville, CA.The Western Placer County Landfill was permitted in 1978 as a regional facility for the westernportion of Placer County, including the cities of Roseville, Lincoln and Rocklin. As a 230-acresite, it was intended to serve the needs of the population for 50 years.
Californias waste minimization legislation in 1990 (SB 939) required all jurisdictions to reducelandfilling of waste by 50% by 2000. Accordingly, the county waste authority began planning for
their Materials Recovery Facility (or MRF) in 1992 with the intent to use county bonds to buildthe estimated $20m structure and to partner with a private operator (Nortech) for a 7- to 11-yearperiod. Prior to issuance of the bonds, the waste authority recognized the necessity of setting upFlow Control agreements with all public parties within their jurisdiction to provide security for thebonds to be issued and did so. The facility opened in 1995 and has been successful atdiverting about 50% of the waste stream, allowing the waste authority to pay off the bond debtearly.
In 2005, the waste authority built a $26m expansion to the facility (using cash reserves), andrenewed their agreement with Nortech as the operator, who added another $6m inimprovements. The authority also renewed the Flow Control agreements with the public partieswithin its jurisdiction. The authority is now considering ways to further reduce the landfilling to10% or less of the waste stream.
3) Other entities who use Flow ControlRoseville is not alone in utilizing Flow Control as a mechanism to meet the environmental,regulatory, and business requirements of their solid waste utility. Attached is a list of other citiesand jurisdictions that preceded and followed Roseville. Some did so because advancingmethods of managing the waste required significant financial investment in the waste handlingsystems (such as building waste-to-energy plants or enacting single-stream recycling). Some
jurisdictions were motivated or mandated to implement environmental policies that requiredtighter oversight and direction of the disposal of the waste stream. Still others found that directcontrol of the waste stream fostered better revenues and operational practices within their citiesor jurisdictions.
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Council Memo: Follow-Up to The Green Path for Dallas TrashSeptember 16, 2011Page 2 of 6
Whatever the particular reason, jurisdictions have found that, since the 2007 Supreme Courtdecision, enacting Flow Control is a reasonable and defensible method to meet their publicssolid waste needs.
4) The link between Flow Control and establishing a Resource Recovery system
As the attached examples demonstrate, providing a secure and reliable waste stream (and theassociated revenue stream) has been critical to public governments ability to fund theiroperations whether those include disposal facilities or waste diversion facilities, or both. Insome cases, the entity sought the Flow Control mechanism after heading down the path to investin a large capital project, only to find that the project needed Flow Control to establish sufficientsecurity for the investment before building the project. The capital project was often delayed bymonths or years, as the public entity effected Flow Control. In other cases (such as Roseville),the public leaders anticipated the value of securing the waste stream, and enacted Flow Controlin advance of issuing RFPs, investing in designs, and commencing construction of majorprojects.
In Dallas case, the value of the wasteresources that are generated within the city is apparentin the market pricing for recycled goods, in the need for alternate energy sources, and in thedemand for green fuel options. Dallas can benefit from the example of others by assuring that itclaims all the resources that are legally within its jurisdiction. Months or years may passbetween the time that Flow Control is enacted and the time that Dallas can build its ResourceRecovery facilities. In that time period, millions of tons of waste resources will be draining out ofDallas without Flow Control to prevent it. Thats millions of tons that can be placed in thelandfill for possible reclaiming in years to come. Further, the revenues from Flow Control in thattime period may be used to improve the current disposal operations, enhance environmentalprograms, and plan and design the Resource Recovery system.
5) Can Dallas begin Resource Recovery without a Flow Control ordinance in place?Yesthough there are compelling reasons to put the ordinance first. Dallas McCommas BluffLandfill received about 1.4m tons of waste in FY10 a sufficient volume to initiate one or moreResource Recovery plants. But the volume is unreliable, and changes in the flow of waste, frommonth-to-month and from year-to-year, have been documented to vary widely (decreasing by asmuch as 50% from a high month over a short period).
Tons Received (monthly)
McCommas Bluff Landfill
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
200,000
Oct-00
Jan-01
Apr-01
Jul-01
Oct-01
Jan-02
Apr-02
Jul-02
Oct-02
Jan-03
Apr-03
Jul-03
Oct-03
Jan-04
Apr-04
Jul-04
Oct-04
Jan-05
Apr-05
Jul-05
Oct-05
Jan-06
Apr-06
Jul-06
Oct-06
Jan-07
Apr-07
Jul-07
Oct-07
Jan-08
Apr-08
Jul-08
Oct-08
Jan-09
Apr-09
Jul-09
Oct-09
Jan-10
Apr-10
Jul-10
Oct-10
Jan-11
Apr-11
Jul-11
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"Dallas - Together, we do it better!"
The plan for building a Resource Recovery systemenvisions facilities throughout the city notone or two at the landfill but locating the facilities strategically to minimize hauling distance,reducing vehicle emissions, and saving on fuel and manpower usage. In order to plan for asystem of facilities to recover the majority of waste and reuse it beneficially establishing a
reliable and steady stream of waste flow to these facilities is essential.More persuasive, though, is that Dallas is perfectly positioned to maximize the benefits of FlowControl, with few if any drawbacks. First, Dallas owns and operates a very large landfill with anenviable amount of unused capacity. The landfill can be used to bring in and store the additionalwaste stream, while planning for Resource Recovery facilities. Many other cities dont have thatadvantage. Houston, San Antonio, and New York City, as examples, are pursuing newtechnology to more wisely divert their waste streams but, lacking their own disposal facility,are unable to pass Flow Control until the Resource Recovery Facility (or other options)are constructed.
Second - Dallas waste stream is rich with recoverable materials effectively guaranteeing that alarge majority of it can be reclaimed for beneficial reuse and at premium market prices. In
Europe, on the other hand, household and business recycling are so far advanced that the wastestream heading to landfills or to recovery facilities is lacking in many of the easily recoveredmaterials (paper, plastic, organics). The quality of our waste stream will greatly aid in attractingprivate investment in the construction and operation of a Resource Recovery System allowingcapital investments to be paid off sooner, as the Roseville site did.
Third - A Resource Recovery System will provide recycling to a population in the city that isunderserved in this arena: multi-family residences and commercial businesses. These twogroups (served by private solid waste haulers) have frequently asked the City to develop ameans for them to recycle at the same level as single-family residents (SFR). The Citys manyDrop-Off sites afford them a modest opportunity to recycle the same materials as their SFRcounterparts, but requires an extra effort on their part. Resource Recovery facilities will allow forthem to recycle all that SFRs can without imposing any changes to their current disposal habits
or to their contracted waste haulers.
Lastly - Dallas system of waste transfer sites and landfill provides an in -place model of where tobest locate Resource Recovery facilities as they now serve the residential and business wasteneeds. Replacing each of these waste sites with waste recovery sites means that Dallas willsignificantly reduce the vehicle emissions associated with waste hauling to distant disposalfacilities, will save on usage of fuel, manpower, and equipment, and will provide positiveeconomic benefit to each area of the city in which a facility is located.
6) Steps to proceed with a Resource Recovery System for DallasThe proposed sequence of actions is briefly described below.
Sep 28, 2011 Enact a Resource Flow Control ordinance to guarantee a reliable
waste flow of resources to the future Resource Recovery System.Sep Dec 2011 Communicate the ordinance requirements to the solid waste haulers
and business community and prepare the citys solid waste facilities for the acceptance ofadditional waste.
Jan 2, 2012 Implementation date for the ordinance. Begin increased wasteacceptance at the McCommas Bluff Landfill and Bachman (Northwest) Transfer site.
Jan Jul 2012 Conduct a thorough waste characterization study on the volume andtypes of waste received, as preparation for design of Resource Recovery facilities. Continue tostudy all technologies and systems, nationally and internationally, that utilize high levels of wastediversion, reuse and energy development.
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"Dallas - Together, we do it better!"
Aug 2012 Issue a Request for Qualifications to design / build / operate one ormore Resource Recovery facilities as a system across the city.
Aug Nov 2012 Review and interview candidates, identifying the best-qualified.Specify funding and permitting requirements to build and to operate.
Dec 2012 Issue a Request for Proposals to the top-qualified candidates.Jan Mar 2013 Vet the proposals through the Citys Solid Waste Advisory Committee
and select the proposal best-suited to Citys goals. Negotiate the scope of work, solidify theplanning and funding mechanisms, and recommend action to City Council.
June 2013 Begin design and construction of the Resource Recovery System oversubsequent years.
7) Steps to establishing the South East Oak Cliff (SEOC) economic stimulusThe proposed sequence of actions is briefly described below.
Sep 28, 2011 Council action to establish the South East Oak Cliff economic stimulusfund.
Oct Dec 2011 Define community goals and governance structure.Feb 2012 City Council approval of SEOC organizational structure.Mar Sep 2012 SEOC meets and begins organizational planning, identifying economic
development projects, and prioritizing future steps.Oct 2012 First deposit of funds to SEOC from incremental year of revenue
generation.Oct 2013 Second deposit of funds to SEOC from full year of revenue generation;
SEOC/City to initiate development projects.
With the follow-up information provided, Council may be prepared to consider the Resource FlowControl agenda item on September 28, 2011 as paired with the resolution for establishing the
South East Oak Cliff Economic Stimulus Fund. Please feel free to contact me with anyquestions.
Ryan S. EvansAssistant City Manager
Attachments
C: Mary K. Suhm, City ManagerRosa Rios, Acting City SecretaryThomas P. Perkins, Jr., City AttorneyCraig Kinton, City AuditorJudge C. Victor Lander, Administrative JudgeA.C. Gonzalez, First Assistant City ManagerJill A. Jordan, P.E., Assistant City ManagerForest E. Turner, Assistant City ManagerJoey Zapata, Interim Assistant City ManagerJeanne Chipperfield, Chief Financial OfficerMary Nix, Director, Sanitation ServicesHelena Stevens-Thompson, Assistant to the City Manager
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Examples of Jurisdiction Using Solid Waste Flow Control
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LOCALITY FLOW CONTROL MECHANISM NOTES
1. El Paso, TX Ordinance passed in 2010 Council passed ordinance to promote improved environmental practices, assureproper disposal of the citys wastes, allow for proper closure of one of its twolandfills, and efficient operation of the remaining landfill site. Delayed effectivedate until 2012 provides City with time to prepare the landfill sites and allowslargest private waste hauler (with competing landfill) time to rebalanceoperations.
2. Cities of Plano, Richardson,Allen, McKinney, Frisco, TX
Franchise Agreements with Solid WasteHaulers (for over 20 years)
Each of these cities are members of the North Texas Municipal Water Districtand contract with the District for solid waste disposal, which requires that ALLof the cities waste be transported to the Districts facilities. In turn, each cityfranchises their haulers, and requires the hauler to take all waste to theDistricts sites.
3. Arlington, TX Use of exclusive franchise agreement(for over 20 years)
Arlington has issued only ONE solid waste hauler franchise (to Republic WasteServices). The franchise agreement requires Republic to use the Arlingtonlandfill. Revenues are used to operate the site and to meet General Fundneeds.
4. Grand Prairie, TX Use of exclusive franchise agreement(for over 20 years)
Grand Prairie has issued only ONE solid waste hauler franchise (to RepublicWaste Services). The franchise agreement requires Republic to use the GrandPrairie landfill. Revenues are used to operate the site and to meet GeneralFund needs.
5. Western Placer Waste
Management Authority,Roseville, CA
Ordinances of 1992 and 2005 Implemented to establish bond security for financing of Materials Recovery
Facility. Second bond issuance in 2002 required renewal of flow controlagreements.
6. Seattle, WA Ordinance of 1990; supported by statelaw.
Seattle closed its landfill in 1990. Enacted Flow Control to allow city to enterinto a 30-year disposal contract with Waste Management to use their landfill.Seattle also operates 2 transfer stations. They report that neither the volume owaste flow nor the disposal costs changed significantly with use of Flow Control
7. Snohomish County, WA County Code Chapters 7.35 and 7.41 in1985; updated in 2011
Updated 2011, providing for use of solid waste transfer, yard waste anddisposal facilities by haulers and generators in the jurisdiction. County requiresrecycling at all construction sites. Uses long-term contract with Republic Wasteto transfer waste by rail-haul. Fees pay for operation of sites and for capitalinvestments. They report that Flow Control has had no measurable effect on
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Examples of Jurisdiction Using Solid Waste Flow Control
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LOCALITY FLOW CONTROL MECHANISM NOTES
the disposal costs.
8. Jacksonville, FL Ordinance. Passed in 1990;supplements franchise agreementswhich require that commercial wastemust be taken to the city landfill.
City-owned landfill with private operator. Waste collected by city crews andprivate haulers.
9. Lancaster County, PA Ordinance in 1987. Solid waste authority is financed by the fees generated at the authoritys twolandfills and transfer site. Revenues cover cost of operations, as well asResource Recovery facility (waste-to-energy), landfill gas plant, and HouseholdHazardous Waste facility.
10. Palm Beach County, FL Palm Beach County Solid Waste Act No tip fees rather, the County assesses funds as a line item on property taxbill for residential and commercial solid waste disposal and collection.
11. Franklin County, OH District Rules 1-2008 through 18-2008 County landfill and Countys three transfer sites are designated disposal sites.
12. Portland, OR (Metro) General state law Portland Metro has solid waste disposal authority only (not collection).
Rather than enforcing flow control, Portland assesses fees from the haulersand then haulers are free to use any disposal facility they choose. The feescover the cost of landfill (operated by private party Waste Mgmt) and twocity-owned and operated transfer sites. Private haulers pass through the feecost to their customers.
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FACTBOOKTHE CITYS PROPOSED
RESOURCE FLOW CONTROLORDINANCE
ANDRESOURCE RECOVERY SYSTEM
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CONTENTS
WHAT IS RESOURCE FLOW CONTROL? 3
WHAT IS A RESOURCE RECOVERY SYSTEM? 4
THE VALUE OF MCCOMMAS BLUFF LANDFILL 5
Basic Information and RegulationTypes of Waste
Fiscal Impact
NEARBY NEIGHBORHOODS 8Demographic ProfileTraffic
PUBLICLY-STATED CONCERNS OR QUESTIONS 13
Aesthetics
Environmental
Traffic
Operational
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WHAT IS RESOURCE FLOW CONTROL?
Resource Flow Control(often, simply called flow control) is a legalprocess supported by U.S. Supreme Court rulings that lets cities decide
where garbage is taken for processing, treatment, or disposal. InDallas, Resource Flow Control may be effected by passing a Cityordinance amending Chapters 2 and 18 of the City Code.
Under Dallas proposed ordinance, all garbage generated within
Dallas would be taken to the Dallas-owned McCommas Bluff Landfill,not to landfills outside the city limits. City-owned transfer stations mayalso be used as destinations for the waste.
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WHAT IS A RESOURCE RECOVERY SYSTEM?
A resource recovery system is a series of sites or facilities constructed to
house and sort collected waste. Rather than disposing of waste byburying in a landfill, a resource recovery system allows for each wastematerial to serve a second purpose such as re-use as a new orrecycled material, distilling the waste into fuel, or converting it directlyinto energy.
In a resource recovery facility, the waste materials are sorted by sizeand type. Each material (such as a steel can, glass bottle, cardboardbox, or food waste) may have multiple second uses. The operator ofthe resource recovery facility identifies what end uses are marketable
which may vary from week-to-week and from year-to-year - andprocesses the materials to optimize their second use benefits. Manywaste materials will be simply sorted and baled into transportablecommodities for sale on the open market. Other materials may besegregated as feedstock for an adjacent composting facility in-site.Others will be shredded and ground into smaller bits, and fed intowaste-to-energy units that will produce electricity or synthetic fuels(biodiesel) or refuse-derived-fuel nuggets each of which has directuse for the Cityor may be marketed for use by others.
Building a resource recovery system of facilities requires significantplanning, resources and capital. As a public entity, any decision onestablishing resource recovery facilities in Dallas will involve public inputand close adherence to applicable purchasing and legal regulations.While private partnership for some or all of the efforts may be possible,the City has made no decision at this time on the means to moving
forward.
Resource flow controlis a critical component of the Citys proposal fora resource recovery system because such an ordinance establishes areliable and sizable waste streamon which the Resource Recoveryfacilities will depend. Further, once such a reliable waste stream isestablished, private investors are more willing to step forward to
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underwrite large capital projects for a Resource Recovery Systempossibly relieving the financial burden on the Dallas taxpayer.
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THE VALUE OF MCCOMMAS BLUFF LANDFILL
BASIC INFORMATION AND REGULATIONALL LANDFILLS
In 1991, the US EPA changed the way ALL landfills in the country areoperatedmaking them safer and far more protective of theenvironment. EPA issued a very lengthy and stringent set of rules thatcalled Subtitle D of the federal Resource Conservation and RecoveryAct (RCRA). It required that all landfills:
be lined with a double-liner system
collect all moisture from within and dispose of it properly be capped with a double-layered capping system collect any gas from the waste and manage it safely create a fund to pay for any costs associated with closing the
landfill and/or addressing environmental issues prepare regular reports of compliance to the local authority many additional requirements
So rigorous were these new Subtitle D rules that 75% of the nations
landfills closed within 2 years of their publication. In Texas, 800 landfillsdropped to less than 200 landfill that exist today. Only those landfillowners willing to manage the waste in a highly protective fashionmaintained their sites. The Citys McCommas Bluff Landfill is one such
site.
McCommas Bluff Landfill
The McCommas Bluff Landfill is a 2,000-acre site permitted and
monitored by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ)to assure that operations are environmentally protective of localhealth and safety. The landfill is subject to regular and unscheduledTCEQ inspections. The landfill staff makes frequent reports to TCEQ onthe quality of its groundwater, storm water, air quality, and landfill gas.The City reports quarterly to the TCEQ on the amount of wasteaccepted, recycled, and buriedverifying that all waste accepted is
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non-hazardous. The landfill operates in compliance with all permitteduses.
The McCommas Bluff Landfill is an award-winning, professionally
engineered and built, highly regulated site. It is in no way a dump. Asthe only landfill in the State of Texas to achieve ISO certification for itsmanagement and a U.S. Conference of Mayors Green City Award
for beneficial re-use of landfill gas, McCommas Bluff is a valuableenvironmental asset for the city of Dallas.
The landfill operates 15 hours each workday (5 a.m.-8 p.m.)though itis permitted to be open 24-hours per day. Its open from 6 a.m. to 4p.m. on Saturday; it is closed on Sundays and on Thanksgiving,
Christmas, and New Years Day.
The Landfill has 45 years of unused space (or capacity) - even afteroperating for 30 years. It was designed to be a long-term solution toDallas waste needs. Under a Resource Flow Control ordinance, theLandfill can continue to provide long-term benefitacting as astorage locker for waste, while the City prepares and builds aResource Recovery System. AND, as the Resource Recovery Systemrecycles and reuses more and more of the waste, the need for the
Landfill diminishesuntil it may be closed, decades ahead of thecurrent timeframe.
TYPES OF WASTE
EPA categorizes two types of waste: municipal solid waste (MSW) andhazardous waste. Industrial waste (from businesses andmanufacturing) can either be hazardous or non-hazardous.
ONLY municipal solid waste and non-hazardous industrial waste are
accepted at McCommas Bluff. McCommas Bluff is not permitted to
accept, nor does it accept, hazardous industrial waste.
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FISCAL IMPACT
Each year the