The History of The History of PopulationPopulation

1. First Increase - shift from a hunter-gatherer society to agricultural society

A. Ceased being nomadic and become sedentary

B. Domesticated food provided a surplus of food.

C. New source of protein (wheat and milk products)

D. People lived longer.

E. More PossessionsF. More time to develop

religions, art, communications, literature, trade, money, division of labor, governments, music, etc.

2. Second Increase: During the Industrial Revolution (1750s) and the use of machines.

A.D.2000

A.D.1000

A.D.1

1000B.C.

2000B.C.

3000B.C.

4000B.C.

5000B.C.

6000B.C.

7000B.C.

1+ million years

8

7

6

5

2

1

4

3

OldStoneAge New Stone Age

BronzeAge

IronAge

MiddleAges

ModernAge

Black Death —The Plague

9

10

11

12

A.D.3000

A.D.4000

A.D.5000

18001900

1950

1975

2000

2100

Future

Billions

Source: Population Reference Bureau; and United Nations, World Population Projections to 2100 (1998).

World Population Growth Through History

The Classic Stages of Demographic Transition

Time

Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4

Naturalincrease

Birth rate

Death rate

Note: Natural increase is produced from the excess of births over deaths.

Lesson Plan: The Demographic Transition, Activity One

3. People are NOT evenly distributed over the surface of the earth.

• Why do people live in certain areas?

waterjobstransportationclimatesoil

vegetationresourcesphysical featuresWealthwar

4. Most people live:• on plains in the middle

latitudes• by rivers.

4. Four areas which are mostly uninhabited:

A. Polar and Tundra areas—Too cold.

B. Tropics (near the equator). Too hot and wet.

C. Deserts-1/4 of the earth’s surface. Too dry

D. Mountains-too steep, rocky, cold, and soil is too thin

Did you know… • Approximately 240,000 people

are added to the daily? • Approximately 167 people are

added to world population every minute?

6. Why populations increase or decrease:

A. Improved medical careB. Changes in technology

—ex: improved water treatment and waste removal; increased food production; food processing and refrigeration; improved nutrition

C. Migration-people moving A. Emigration—

exiting/moving OUT of a country

B. Immigration—moving INTO a country

D. WarsE. Plagues-diseases

that kill a lot of people.

7. Overpopulation: more people in an area than the resources can support.

• Is an area over populated? Geographers/Experts look at: a. birth rates b. death rates

What does the History of Population look like?

• Population density over time