Post on 05-Jan-2016
transcript
The Holocaustliterally: “all-consuming fire”
The First Solution1933-39
•Loss of citizenship
•Dismissal from government service
•Banning of kosher butchering
•Jewish lawyers disbarred
•Jewish doctors forbidden to practice medicine
The First Solution1933-39
Discrimination
Jewish stores were boycotted
Books which did not support Nazi ideology were burned at public rallies.
A Star of David was placed on Jews to identify them for discrimination.
Kristallnacht (Nov 9 & 10, 1938)
As many as 2,000 synagogues were burned. And, Jews were blamed.
Thousands of Jewish businesses, cemeteries and schools were destroyed or vandalized.
Kristallnacht, and later the German invasion of Poland, led to . . .
The Second Solution
1939-41
•Transfer of Jews to ghettos outside Germany
•Wealthy Jews had to pay for the eviction of Jews from Austria and Czechoslovakia
•Most were moved to concentration camps in Poland
The Second Solution
1939-41
Segregation
Polish Jews Rounded Up for Relocation
A shrunken head, hung in the middle of Buchenwald
concentration camp to terrorize prisoners.
Gold and silver teeth extracted from Jews. Glasses were taken, too.
The German invasion of Russia, with its millions of Jews, led to . . .
The Final Solution
1941-45
•Mobile killing units in the Soviet Union
•“A more efficient method is needed.”
•Gas chambers to kill Jews; crematoria or open pits to burn the dead bodies
•Shoes, gold teeth, hair, tattoos were harvested off the Jews.
The Final Solution
1941-45
Annihilation6,000,000 Jews were killed in
the Holocaust.
Einsatzgruppen (SS troops) – Mobile killing units
800,000 victims’ shoes were found at Majdanek death camp in Poland.
(Kulmhof) Chelmno
__________ December 7,
1941 Gas Vans
_________Killed
320,000
Auschwitz- Birkenau _______
September, 1941
Zyklon-B
_________Killed
1,200,000
*Belzek ________March 17,
1942Carbon
Monoxide gas
________Killed
600,000
*Sobibor ________
March, 1942Carbon
Monoxide gas
________Killed
250,000
*Treblinka __________July 23, 1942
Carbon Monoxide
gas __________
Killed 700,000
Majdanek _________
October, 1942
Carbon Monoxide
and Zyklon B gas
_________Killed
1,380,000
Stutthof _________June, 1944
Zyklon-B gas _______
Killed 65,000
Timeline for Nazi Extermination Camps
Heinrich Himmler, head of the Nazi death camps.
Auschwitz
“Work makes you free.”
As many as 3 million Jews were brought here by rail, to be killed.
In a case in which a mother did not want to be separated from her thirteen-year-old daughter, and bit and scratched the face of the SS man who tried to force her to her assigned line, the SS doctor Josef
Mengele drew his gun and shot both the woman and the child.
Likewise at Auschwitz Dr. Herta Oberhauser killed children with oil and evipan injections, removed their limbs and vital
organs, rubbed ground glass and sawdust into wounds.
One twin recalls the death of his brother: "Dr. Mengele had always been more interested in Tibi. I am not sure why - perhaps because he was the older twin. Mengele made
several operations on Tibi. One surgery on his spine left my brother paralyzed. He could not walk anymore. Then they took out his sexual organs. After the fourth operation, I did
not see Tibi anymore. I cannot tell you how I felt. It is impossible to put into words how I felt. They had taken
away my father, my mother, my two older brothers - and now, my twin ..."
Among the evidence of Nazi atrocities found at Buchenwald camp were the tattooed skin of Jews, some of which was turned into a lamp shade.
The Allied armies who liberated these camps in 1945 found many dead, some of whom were not buried or cremated . . . .
. . . Some Jews were still living – barely.
The Holocaust
This must never happen again.