Post on 22-Feb-2016
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The Nature of Disease
• Pathogenic Organisms• Genetic Disorders• Toxic Chemicals• Other Environmental Factors• Physical Damage to Organs• Nutritional Disorders
Types of Pathogenic Organisms
• Viruses• Bacteria• Protozoan• Fungi• Animal• Parasites
Defense Mechanisms1. External defense2. Internal Defense3. Immune Defense
Non-Specific Defense Neutrophils,
Macrophages, Eosinophils, and Natural killer cells
Destroy or eat anything abnormal or that is not normally there
Attack: microbes, viruses, parasites, infected cells
Non-Specific Defense Inflammatory response is a response
caused by injury to, or infection of the tissues
starts with release of histamine and other chemicals
ends with WBC cleaning up the debris
Specific Immunity
Lymphocytes and Antibodies
Combat specific Antigens Antigen: a foreign
molecules that elicits a specific response
The immune response, is a series of specific defenses that attack antigens.
How do we gain Specific Immunity?
Natural Active Immunity: immunity by recovering from disease Ex. Chicken Pox
Artificial Active Immunity: vaccination Ex. Flu
Passive Immunity: transfer from mother to child
LYMPHATIC SYSTEMLYMPHATIC VIDEO
Part of the Disease Fighting Immune System
Lymphatic system function Collects fluid that is lost by the blood and
returns it back to the circulatory system. As the fluid is transported, the lymph nodes
filter/traps bacteria and other pathogens. Microorganisms are destroyed in the nodes. Old or damaged red blood cells are destroyed in
the spleen. Lymph fluid then is ready to be returned to the
circulatory system. Carries fat-soluble vitamins to the blood from
the digestive system.
The lymphatic system organs Lymph vessels: lymph
travels through to return to the circulatory system
Lymph nodes: filters foreign particles out of the lymph
Thymus: gland that helps white blood cells mature
Spleen: destroys damaged red blood cells and platelets.
Homeostasis The lymphatic system helps maintain
homeostasis in several ways. Returns lost fluid back to the circulatory
system to avoid swelling Filters and cleans lymph fluid from foreign
pathogens, damaged cells etc. Helps mature white blood cells which help
fight infections.