The Muscular SystemTHE MOVING FORCE

MYOLOGY – THE STUDY OF MUSCLES

Myo – refers to muscle my/o – musclemyositis – inflammation of voluntary muscle

Sarco – specifically refers to muscle cellsSarc/o – flesh, muscular substance Sarcolemma – plasma membrane of a muscle cell

Emaciated healthy

What do my muscles do?

Voluntary, Striated

Striated, Involuntary

Visceral, Non-striated, Involuntary

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Tendons

Tendon sheath = Connective tissue that surrounds and protects tendons where there is a long distance to attachment or over a joint.

Ligaments

Aponeurosis

• Flat, ribbon-like tendon that attaches muscle to bone or muscle to muscle.

Fascia: fibrous membrane that encloses muscles and separates

them into groups

Ligaments

• Attach bone to cartilage or bone to bone

• Aid or restrict movement.

Origin: the _________of the two points of attachment

The end of a muscle that is attached to the more “fixed” part of the skeleton

Insertion: the point of attachment by a muscle

The insertion moves when a muscle contracts.

The Belly?

Anatomy of a Muscle

Muscle cells

striated

Motor Nerve: causes muscle to move by stimulating a

group of muscle fibers

Nerve + Group of muscle cells = neuromotor unit (or motor unit)

MUSCLE FACTS:

Smooth Muscle: also called______,(organs) non-

striated or involuntary muscle.

Many of the internal organs are made of smooth muscle

including:

bladder

uterus

Iris, Arteries

Vasodilation /

vasoconstriction

Smooth muscle vs. skeletal muscle

Cardiac muscle is involuntary but does show very fine striations

A muscle must depend on other muscles to assist in a desired movement. For this reason muscles are called prime movers, antagonists and synergists.