The Neck:Musculature and Bony

Anatomy

Bony Framework 7 cervical vertebrae

Atlas (C1)Axis (C2)C3 - C7

Atlas 1 – Articular process 2 – Transverse process 3 – Posterior arch

Axis 1 – Dens/Odontoid process 2 – Spinous process

Cervical Vertebra 1 – Transverse foramen 2 – Body 3 – Vertebral foramen 4 – Transverse process 5 – Spinous process 6 – Articular process

Palpation of bony anatomy Spinous process; vertebra prominens (C7) Transverse process

Palpation of Bony Anatomy Hyoid bone Clavicle

Thyroic cartilage Cricoid cartilage

Intervertebral Discs Annulus fibrosus Nucleus pulposus Shock absorbers for spine

Nerves of the Cervical Spine 7 vertebrae, but 8 nerves Emerge above corresponding vertebra, except C8

nerve Brachial plexus – C5-T1 Myotomes and Dermatomes

NERVE MYOTOME

C5 Shoulder Abduction

C6 Elbow Flexion, Wrist Extension

C7 Elbow Extension, Wrist Flexion

C8 Thumb Extension, Ulnar Deviation

Muscles of the NeckMUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION

Trapezius Occiput, Nuchal ligament, SP of C7-T12

Lateral clavicle, Acromion, Spine of scapula

Extends, Ipsi lateral flex, Contra rotation

Levator Scapulae TP C1-C4 Medial border of scapula

Extends, Ipsi lateral flex, elevate scapula

Sternocleidomastoid Sternal: manubrium Clavicular: medial 1/3 of clavicle

Mastoid process Flexes, Ipsi lat flex, Contra rotation

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION

Anterior Scalene TP C3-C6 1st rib Ipsi lat flex, Elevate 1st rib

Middle Scalene TP C2-C7 1st rib Ipsi lat flex, Elevate 1st rib

Posterior Scalene TP C5-C7 2nd rib Lat flex, Elevate 2nd rib

Longus Colli and Longus Capitus

Ant TP C1-C6 Occiput Flexion

Rectus Capitis TP C1 Occiput Flexion, Lat flexion

The Neck:Common Injuries and

Problems

Pain Generators Myogenic Discogenic Facet joint, Arthritic Stenotic (central canal, neuroforamen) Neurogenic

Questions??