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The Odyssey The Odyssey Who was Homer?Who was Homer?
Legendary Greek Legendary Greek poetpoet
Credited with writing Credited with writing Iliad and the OdysseyIliad and the Odyssey
Tradition says that Tradition says that he was blindhe was blind
No one knows where No one knows where he was bornhe was born
Scholars debate Scholars debate whether he was real whether he was real or notor not
The Odyssey The Odyssey What is an Epic?What is an Epic?
An epic is a long narrative poem that relates the great deeds of An epic is a long narrative poem that relates the great deeds of a larger-than-life hero who embodies the values of a particular a larger-than-life hero who embodies the values of a particular society.society.
Tend to be too long to read or performed in a Tend to be too long to read or performed in a single sittingsingle sitting
Stylistically elevated- characters speak Stylistically elevated- characters speak ceremoniouslyceremoniously
Always deal with persons and events that are Always deal with persons and events that are considered to be historically real by the poet and considered to be historically real by the poet and their audiencetheir audience
They are a “Tale of the Tribe”They are a “Tale of the Tribe”
Epic HeroEpic Hero
The hero is a figure of great national or The hero is a figure of great national or even cosmic importance, usually the even cosmic importance, usually the ideal man of his cultureideal man of his culture
He often has superhuman or divine traitsHe often has superhuman or divine traits He has an imposing physical stature and He has an imposing physical stature and
is greater in all ways than the common is greater in all ways than the common manman
Is not PERFECT- usually suffers from a Is not PERFECT- usually suffers from a flaw such as pride flaw such as pride
The Odyssey The Odyssey Literary DevicesLiterary Devices
EpithetsEpithets Epithets are common epic elements which allow Epithets are common epic elements which allow
the reader to easily identify the character or object the reader to easily identify the character or object Epithets stress a quality of what they are Epithets stress a quality of what they are
describing describing The same character often is given several different The same character often is given several different
epithets epithets Examples of epithets used in the Odyssey are: Examples of epithets used in the Odyssey are:
"The great tactician" - This term creates the image of "The great tactician" - This term creates the image of Odysseus as being intelligentOdysseus as being intelligent
"The clear eyed goddess" - This helps the reader imagine "The clear eyed goddess" - This helps the reader imagine that Athena is alert, and wise - farseeing. that Athena is alert, and wise - farseeing.
The Odyssey The Odyssey Literary DevicesLiterary Devices
Narrative driftNarrative drift Homer is constantly interrupting the Homer is constantly interrupting the
narration to elaborate on an aspect of narration to elaborate on an aspect of what he is talking aboutwhat he is talking about
If he mentions a gift of wine, he will If he mentions a gift of wine, he will explain not only the history of the gift explain not only the history of the gift but the history of the giver but the history of the giver
He rarely introduces a character without He rarely introduces a character without alluding to that character's genealogyalluding to that character's genealogy
The Odyssey The Odyssey Literary DevicesLiterary Devices
Formal SpeechFormal Speech In the Odyssey the characters tend to In the Odyssey the characters tend to
make speeches rather than have make speeches rather than have conversationsconversations
The Odyssey The Odyssey Literary DevicesLiterary Devices
Homer's imagery is vividHomer's imagery is vivid He gives us extraordinary detailHe gives us extraordinary detail His people are always doing something: His people are always doing something:
weeping, laughing, eating, crying. They weeping, laughing, eating, crying. They are aliveare alive
Some of Homer's descriptions are Some of Homer's descriptions are clearly hyperbolic (exaggerated), but clearly hyperbolic (exaggerated), but many of them gives us a sense of what many of them gives us a sense of what the world of his time must have looked the world of his time must have looked likelike
The Odyssey The Odyssey Literary DevicesLiterary Devices
Figurative LanguageFigurative Language Homer loves similes (a comparison Homer loves similes (a comparison
between two seemingly unlike things between two seemingly unlike things using "like" or "as"). using "like" or "as").
They can be found everywhere in the They can be found everywhere in the OdysseyOdyssey
Homer often expands upon a simile Homer often expands upon a simile these expanded similes are called Homeric these expanded similes are called Homeric
or epic similes.or epic similes.
The Odyssey The Odyssey Literary DevicesLiterary Devices
PersonificationPersonification occurs in almost every book of the occurs in almost every book of the OdysseyOdyssey The Gods appear disguised as people, The Gods appear disguised as people,
Mentor is the personification of Athena. Mentor is the personification of Athena. Other things are frequently personified: Other things are frequently personified:
"Sleep" looses "Odysseus' limbs, slipping the "Sleep" looses "Odysseus' limbs, slipping the toils of anguish from his mind“toils of anguish from his mind“
"East and South Winds clashed, and the raging "East and South Winds clashed, and the raging West and North/sprung from the heavens, roiled West and North/sprung from the heavens, roiled heaving breakers up." heaving breakers up."
The Odyssey The Odyssey Literary DevicesLiterary Devices
SymbolsSymbols are associated with the gods. are associated with the gods. Eagles Eagles
are often seen as Zeus, are often seen as Zeus, but they are also foreshadow Odysseus' return but they are also foreshadow Odysseus' return
Many gods are associated with specific Many gods are associated with specific symbols: symbols:
Zeus, the thunderbolt Zeus, the thunderbolt Poseidon, the scepter Poseidon, the scepter Apollo and Artemis, arrows Apollo and Artemis, arrows Athena the loomAthena the loom
The Odyssey The Odyssey ThemesThemes
HospitalityHospitality Respect for GodsRespect for Gods Importance of Importance of
LineageLineage LoyaltyLoyalty Pride and HonorPride and Honor Resisting Resisting
TemptationTemptation
Live Life to the Live Life to the FullestFullest
Self DisciplineSelf Discipline LeadershipLeadership JusticeJustice RevengeRevenge ReconciliationReconciliation FateFate
Characters of the Characters of the OdysseyOdysseyMain CharactersMain Characters
AthenaAthena Goddess of WisdomGoddess of Wisdom
OdysseusOdysseus Epic HeroEpic Hero
PenelopePenelope Odysseus’ WifeOdysseus’ Wife
TelemachusTelemachus Odysseus’ SonOdysseus’ Son
Vocabulary Books 1-3Vocabulary Books 1-3
Tortured- to create or give someone Tortured- to create or give someone much painmuch pain
Beheld-sawBeheld-saw Suitors- men who wanted to marry Suitors- men who wanted to marry
PenelopePenelope Marveled- amazed or astonishedMarveled- amazed or astonished Omen- a sign of what is to comeOmen- a sign of what is to come Utter- completeUtter- complete Pestering- bothering, annoyingPestering- bothering, annoying
Vocab. Cont. Vocab. Cont.
Loom- a tool for making thread into clothLoom- a tool for making thread into cloth Abroad- out of one’s own countryAbroad- out of one’s own country Immortals- gods, beings who cannot dieImmortals- gods, beings who cannot die Scoundrels- villains, people up to no goodScoundrels- villains, people up to no good Quarrel- fight with wordsQuarrel- fight with words Festival- a day or special time to rejoiceFestival- a day or special time to rejoice Sacked- attacked or captured a citySacked- attacked or captured a city Vex- annoyVex- annoy
Vocab cont. Vocab cont.
Chariot- something pulled by horses Chariot- something pulled by horses that people rode inthat people rode in
The OdysseyThe OdysseyBook 1Book 1
ATHENA INSPIRES THE PRINCEATHENA INSPIRES THE PRINCE SCENESCENE
CALYPSO’S ISLAND, OLYMPUS, ITHACACALYPSO’S ISLAND, OLYMPUS, ITHACA
IMPORTANT CHARACTERSIMPORTANT CHARACTERS GODS: POSEIDON, HERMES, GODS: POSEIDON, HERMES,
ATHENA/MENTES, ZEUSATHENA/MENTES, ZEUS MORTALS: TELEMACHUS, MENTES, MORTALS: TELEMACHUS, MENTES,
PENELOPE, EURYCLEIA, PHEMIAS, SUITORSPENELOPE, EURYCLEIA, PHEMIAS, SUITORS
Summary Summary The Book begins with the invocation to the The Book begins with the invocation to the
Muse followed by Athena’s plea to Zeus to Muse followed by Athena’s plea to Zeus to allow her favorite mortal, Odysseus, to travel allow her favorite mortal, Odysseus, to travel home from Ogyia, where he has been held home from Ogyia, where he has been held captive for seven years by Calypso. Zeus captive for seven years by Calypso. Zeus agrees but not without insisting the trip be agrees but not without insisting the trip be hard. He does not want to enrage Poseidon, hard. He does not want to enrage Poseidon, who is mad at Odysseus. Athena goes to who is mad at Odysseus. Athena goes to Ithaca to spur Telemachus, Odysseus’ son, Ithaca to spur Telemachus, Odysseus’ son, into action. We meet suitors of Odysseus’ into action. We meet suitors of Odysseus’ wife , Penelope who are abusing the rules of wife , Penelope who are abusing the rules of hospitality. Penelope still loves Odysseus hospitality. Penelope still loves Odysseus even though everyone in Ithaca believes he’s even though everyone in Ithaca believes he’s dead. dead.
EPITHETSEPITHETSAnswer in JournalAnswer in Journal
Who is….Who is…. The bewitching nymphThe bewitching nymph Son of CronosSon of Cronos Who marshals the thunderheadsWho marshals the thunderheads The clear eyed GoddessThe clear eyed Goddess
QUESTIONS ABOUT PLOTQUESTIONS ABOUT PLOTANSWER IN JOURNALANSWER IN JOURNAL
What do you see as the attitude of What do you see as the attitude of the Gods towards men?the Gods towards men?
What are Telemachus’ strengths?What are Telemachus’ strengths? What are his weaknesses?What are his weaknesses? How does Athena plan to affect How does Athena plan to affect
Telemachus?Telemachus? How does Telemachus show strength How does Telemachus show strength
with Penelope?with Penelope?
The OdysseyThe OdysseyBook 2Book 2
TELEMACHUS SETS SAILTELEMACHUS SETS SAIL SCENESCENE
ITHACAITHACA
IMPORTANT CHARACTERSIMPORTANT CHARACTERS EURYCLEIA, MENTES/MENTOR/ATHENA, EURYCLEIA, MENTES/MENTOR/ATHENA,
TELEMACHUS, ANITNOUS, HALITHERSES, TELEMACHUS, ANITNOUS, HALITHERSES, EURYMACHUS, EURYMACHUS,
SummarySummary
Athena, disguised as Mentor, Athena, disguised as Mentor, arranges for Telemachus to take a arranges for Telemachus to take a trip to find out from Nestor, one of trip to find out from Nestor, one of the Greek Captains in the Trojan the Greek Captains in the Trojan War, if Odysseus is still alive. War, if Odysseus is still alive. Telemachus surprises Penelope and Telemachus surprises Penelope and the suitors by his new assertive the suitors by his new assertive behavior.behavior.
EPITHETS and QUESTIONSEPITHETS and QUESTIONSAnswer in JournalAnswer in Journal
Who is…Who is… self-possessedself-possessed Daughter of ZeusDaughter of Zeus What has “rose red fingers”What has “rose red fingers”
What are the suitors’ attitudes What are the suitors’ attitudes towards Penelope?towards Penelope?
What are two different What are two different interpretations of the omen?interpretations of the omen?
Journal Response #1Journal Response #1
Write a well developed paper (at least Write a well developed paper (at least 5 paragraphs) to answer the following 5 paragraphs) to answer the following question. Write the complete question question. Write the complete question and your answer below. Title the and your answer below. Title the entry Journal Response #1. entry Journal Response #1. 20 pts.20 pts. Describe what the term hero means Describe what the term hero means
to you. Name a hero in your life and to you. Name a hero in your life and describe why you consider them a describe why you consider them a hero.hero.
The OdysseyThe OdysseyBook 3Book 3
KING NESTOR REMEMBERSKING NESTOR REMEMBERS Scene- PylosScene- Pylos
SUMMARYSUMMARY This book begins with sacrifices to the feuding This book begins with sacrifices to the feuding
Gods (Poseidon and Athena). Telemachus learns Gods (Poseidon and Athena). Telemachus learns from Nestor the importance of hospitality and from Nestor the importance of hospitality and respect for the Gods. Telemachus is treated respect for the Gods. Telemachus is treated with great respect and learns what it means to with great respect and learns what it means to be his father’s son. At the end of the book, be his father’s son. At the end of the book, Telemachus is sent to Sparta to meet Menelaus Telemachus is sent to Sparta to meet Menelaus who might know of Odysseus’ whereaboutswho might know of Odysseus’ whereabouts
Epithets/Journal QuestionsEpithets/Journal Questionsanswer in journalsanswer in journals
Who is “the noble charioteer”Who is “the noble charioteer” What is “wine dark”What is “wine dark” How does Athena help Telemachus How does Athena help Telemachus
prepare for Nestorprepare for Nestor Why is it important for Telemachus to Why is it important for Telemachus to
meet Nestor in particular? What does he meet Nestor in particular? What does he seem to represent?seem to represent?
Why is it important for Telemachus to Why is it important for Telemachus to meet Pisistratusmeet Pisistratus
What does Telemachus learn about What does Telemachus learn about himself? About the meaning of being a himself? About the meaning of being a son? About the treatment of guests? About son? About the treatment of guests? About sacrifices to the gods? sacrifices to the gods?
Vocabulary Books 4-6Vocabulary Books 4-6
Awe- amazement, respectAwe- amazement, respect Cloak- jacketCloak- jacket Cunning- cleverCunning- clever Estate- property, belongingsEstate- property, belongings Nymph-a minor goddess in the form Nymph-a minor goddess in the form
of a beautiful womanof a beautiful woman Straits- narrow channel joining two Straits- narrow channel joining two
large bodies of waterlarge bodies of water Ambush- attack by surpriseAmbush- attack by surprise
Vocab continuedVocab continued
Trident- three-pronged spear carried Trident- three-pronged spear carried by Poseidonby Poseidon
Girdles- belts or sashes worn around Girdles- belts or sashes worn around the waistthe waist
Anoint- to put oil on as part of a Anoint- to put oil on as part of a religious ceremonyreligious ceremony
The OdysseyThe OdysseyBook 4Book 4
The King and Queen of SpartaThe King and Queen of Sparta Scene- SpartaScene- Sparta
SummarySummary When Telemachus arrives in Sparta When Telemachus arrives in Sparta
King Menelaus makes him feel King Menelaus makes him feel completely welcome. There is a completely welcome. There is a big party going on in Menelaus’ big party going on in Menelaus’ home. Menelaus tells Telemachus home. Menelaus tells Telemachus that Odysseus is indeed alive. that Odysseus is indeed alive.
Who is…Who is… Red hairedRed haired Son of AtreusSon of Atreus The pearl of womenThe pearl of women
How do Menelaus and Helen compare How do Menelaus and Helen compare with Nestor as hostswith Nestor as hosts
Do Menelaus and Helen know who Do Menelaus and Helen know who Telemachus is at the beginning of the Telemachus is at the beginning of the book?book?
What is impressive about the palaceWhat is impressive about the palace
Journal Response #2 Journal Response #2
Write a well developed paper (at Write a well developed paper (at least 5 paragraphs) to answer the least 5 paragraphs) to answer the following question. Write the following question. Write the complete question and your answer complete question and your answer below. Title the entry Journal below. Title the entry Journal Response #2. Response #2. 20 pts.20 pts. Tell about a journey you once took.Tell about a journey you once took.
Due Friday beginning of class. Due Friday beginning of class.
The OdysseyThe OdysseyBook 5Book 5
Odysseus-Nymph and ShipwreckOdysseus-Nymph and Shipwreck Scene- OgygiaScene- Ogygia
Important CharactersImportant Characters Calypso, Athena, Zeus, Poseidon, Calypso, Athena, Zeus, Poseidon,
Odysseus, A sea nymphOdysseus, A sea nymph
The OdysseyThe OdysseyBook 5Book 5
SummarySummary In book five we meet Odysseus. He is In book five we meet Odysseus. He is
very homesick. Hermes tells Calypso very homesick. Hermes tells Calypso that Zeus has commanded her to that Zeus has commanded her to release Odysseus. She doesn’t want to release Odysseus. She doesn’t want to let Odysseus leave, but knows she let Odysseus leave, but knows she doesn’t have a choice. Odysseus starts doesn’t have a choice. Odysseus starts on his journey home.on his journey home.
EPITHETS and QUESTIONSEPITHETS and QUESTIONSAnswer in JournalAnswer in Journal
Who is…Who is… Lustrous goddess, queenly nymphLustrous goddess, queenly nymph The guide and giant killerThe guide and giant killer God of the earthquakeGod of the earthquake
How long does Odysseus stay on Calypso’s How long does Odysseus stay on Calypso’s Island?Island?
What will Calypso give Odysseus if he stays What will Calypso give Odysseus if he stays with her?with her?
Why does Odysseus return Ino’s veil to the Why does Odysseus return Ino’s veil to the sea?sea?
For how many days does Odysseus swim?For how many days does Odysseus swim?
Journal Response #3Journal Response #3
Write two well developed paragraphs Write two well developed paragraphs to answer the following question. to answer the following question. Write the complete question and Write the complete question and your answer below. Title the entry your answer below. Title the entry Journal Response #3.Journal Response #3. Predict why you think a poem as old as Predict why you think a poem as old as
The Odyssey The Odyssey might still be valuable might still be valuable today. today.
The OdysseyThe OdysseyBook 6Book 6
The Princess and the StrangerThe Princess and the Stranger Scene- The island of Scheria and the land of the Scene- The island of Scheria and the land of the
PhaeaciansPhaeacians SummarySummary
Athena comes to Nausicaa who is the princess of Athena comes to Nausicaa who is the princess of the Phaeacians, in a dream which leads her to the Phaeacians, in a dream which leads her to ask her father to let her go with her friends to ask her father to let her go with her friends to wash clothes by the river. There the games they wash clothes by the river. There the games they play awaken Odysseus who greets the brave play awaken Odysseus who greets the brave young princess with great diplomacy. She can young princess with great diplomacy. She can tell he is a worthy stranger and greets him with tell he is a worthy stranger and greets him with great hospitality. When he is bathed, Odysseus great hospitality. When he is bathed, Odysseus emerges taller. At the end of the book, Nausicaa emerges taller. At the end of the book, Nausicaa leads Odysseus toward town and gives him leads Odysseus toward town and gives him directions to the palace. directions to the palace.
Vocabulary Chapters 7-9Vocabulary Chapters 7-9
Pillars-vertical columns used to Pillars-vertical columns used to support a building or structuresupport a building or structure
Visible-possible to seeVisible-possible to see Discus-circular flat object that is Discus-circular flat object that is
thrown for distance in athletic gamesthrown for distance in athletic games Monstrous-very large, enormousMonstrous-very large, enormous Fleece- the wool of a sheepFleece- the wool of a sheep Excel- do well atExcel- do well at
Vocabulary continuedVocabulary continued
Prophecy-prediction of the futureProphecy-prediction of the future Beached-run ashoreBeached-run ashore Hospitable-treating guests warmly Hospitable-treating guests warmly
and generouslyand generously Humane-kindHumane-kind Shrubbery-bushesShrubbery-bushes Shepherding-taking care of sheepShepherding-taking care of sheep Kids-young goatsKids-young goats
Vocabulary cont. Vocabulary cont.
Whey-the watery part of milk that Whey-the watery part of milk that separates from the curdsseparates from the curds
Flocks-small groups of animals that Flocks-small groups of animals that feed togetherfeed together
The OdysseyThe OdysseyBook 7Book 7
Phaeacia Halls and GardensPhaeacia Halls and Gardens Scene- The island of Scheria and the land of Scene- The island of Scheria and the land of
the Phaeaciansthe Phaeacians SummarySummary
Odysseus is escorted to the palace by Athena Odysseus is escorted to the palace by Athena disguised as a young girl. After admiring the disguised as a young girl. After admiring the beautiful gardens Odysseus enters the palace. beautiful gardens Odysseus enters the palace. He greets the Queen humbly and is soon made He greets the Queen humbly and is soon made to feel welcome. Once again, hospitality is to feel welcome. Once again, hospitality is emphasized. Odysseus indicates his desire to emphasized. Odysseus indicates his desire to return to Ithaca, but the Phaeacian king return to Ithaca, but the Phaeacian king Alcinous wants him to marry his daughter. Alcinous wants him to marry his daughter.
The OdysseyThe OdysseyBook 8Book 8
A Day for Songs and ContestsA Day for Songs and Contests Scene- the land of the PhaeaciansScene- the land of the Phaeacians
SummarySummary Alcinous responds quickly to Odysseus’ desire Alcinous responds quickly to Odysseus’ desire
for passage home and then invites the stranger for passage home and then invites the stranger to a dual entertainment: songs by Demodocus to a dual entertainment: songs by Demodocus and a kind of Phaeacian mini-Olympics. and a kind of Phaeacian mini-Olympics. Odysseus is distracted from his grief by the Odysseus is distracted from his grief by the games where Odysseus is challenged to show games where Odysseus is challenged to show his strength. After the games King Alcinous his strength. After the games King Alcinous asks Odysseus to tell his story.asks Odysseus to tell his story.
The OdysseyThe OdysseyBook 9Book 9
In the One-Eyed Giants CaveIn the One-Eyed Giants Cave Scene- Odysseus is telling the story to Scene- Odysseus is telling the story to
King Alcinous about when he went to the King Alcinous about when he went to the Lands of the Cocones and the Lotus Lands of the Cocones and the Lotus Eaters as well as the Island of the Eaters as well as the Island of the CyclopsCyclops
Important Characters- Odysseus Important Characters- Odysseus
The OdysseyThe OdysseyBook 9Book 9
SummarySummary Odysseus identifies himself to his hosts and Odysseus identifies himself to his hosts and
agrees to tell the tale of his adventures. He agrees to tell the tale of his adventures. He describes his pillage of the Cicones where his describes his pillage of the Cicones where his men become greedy and the fruit of the Lotus men become greedy and the fruit of the Lotus Eaters that entrances his men. He then tells Eaters that entrances his men. He then tells the story of his experience with Polyphemus, the story of his experience with Polyphemus, the Cyclops who traps him and his men and the Cyclops who traps him and his men and whom he escapes through outsmarting. whom he escapes through outsmarting. Odysseus brags about himself to Polyphemus, Odysseus brags about himself to Polyphemus, who is the son of Poseidon and therefore who is the son of Poseidon and therefore enrages Poseidon. enrages Poseidon.
EPITHETS and QUESTIONSEPITHETS and QUESTIONSAnswer in JournalAnswer in Journal
Who is…Who is… Teller of talesTeller of tales God of the sea blue mane who rocks the God of the sea blue mane who rocks the
earthearth Who are the Cicones?Who are the Cicones? Who are the Lotus Eaters?Who are the Lotus Eaters? What does Polyphemus’ diet consist What does Polyphemus’ diet consist
of?of? What mistakes does Odysseus make What mistakes does Odysseus make
as he sails away?as he sails away?
Journal Response #4Journal Response #4 Write a well developed paper (at least 1 page) to Write a well developed paper (at least 1 page) to
answer the following question. Write the answer the following question. Write the complete question and your answer below. complete question and your answer below. ORGANIZE AND PROOFREAD!ORGANIZE AND PROOFREAD!
The Lotus Eaters, while friendly, represent an obstacle The Lotus Eaters, while friendly, represent an obstacle for Odysseus and his men. There are many things today for Odysseus and his men. There are many things today which may at first appear to be pleasant or friendly, but which may at first appear to be pleasant or friendly, but which may actually be obstacle’s in one’s life. Write a which may actually be obstacle’s in one’s life. Write a well-developed essay describing obstacles teenagers well-developed essay describing obstacles teenagers may face today and how this relates to the story of the may face today and how this relates to the story of the Lotus Eaters. Lotus Eaters.
BOOK 10- The Bewitching BOOK 10- The Bewitching Queen of AeaeaQueen of Aeaea
Odysseus tells Alcinous of the Odysseus tells Alcinous of the Laestrygonians, and of Aeaea-the Laestrygonians, and of Aeaea-the island of Circeisland of Circe
Answer the following in your Answer the following in your journaljournal
EpithetsEpithets Who is…the nymph with lovely braidsWho is…the nymph with lovely braids
After the attack from the After the attack from the Laestrygonians, how many ships are Laestrygonians, how many ships are left out of the original twelve?left out of the original twelve?
What sort of character is Circe?What sort of character is Circe? What craft does Circe practice that What craft does Circe practice that
Penelope also practices?Penelope also practices?
Why (aside from her magic) is she able Why (aside from her magic) is she able to turn Odysseus’ men into swine?to turn Odysseus’ men into swine? How do they offend her?How do they offend her?
What does Hermes give to Odysseus?What does Hermes give to Odysseus? What makes Odysseus give in to What makes Odysseus give in to
Circe’s enticements? Is this typical of Circe’s enticements? Is this typical of him?him?
How long does Odysseus stay in How long does Odysseus stay in Circe’s palace?Circe’s palace?
Why does he want to leave?Why does he want to leave? Where must he go to learn his way Where must he go to learn his way
home?home?
Vocabulary 10-12Vocabulary 10-12
Horizon-place where the land appears to Horizon-place where the land appears to meet the skymeet the sky
Landlocked-entirely surrounded by landLandlocked-entirely surrounded by land Headlands- a point of land, usually high Headlands- a point of land, usually high
with a steep drop, extending out into a with a steep drop, extending out into a body of waterbody of water
Stag-adult male deerStag-adult male deer Subjection-being under someone’s Subjection-being under someone’s
powerpower Hermes-messenger of the GodsHermes-messenger of the Gods
Vocab ContinuedVocab Continued
Wand- thin rod used to perform magicWand- thin rod used to perform magic Herb- various plants that are used in Herb- various plants that are used in
medicinemedicine Goblet- drinking cup Goblet- drinking cup Bewitch- place under one’s power by Bewitch- place under one’s power by
magic or spellmagic or spell Hostile- showing ill willHostile- showing ill will Hades- god of the underworldHades- god of the underworld
Vocab cont. Vocab cont. Persephone- goddess abducted by HadesPersephone- goddess abducted by Hades Trench-deep ditchTrench-deep ditch Barren-not able to produce offspringBarren-not able to produce offspring Heifer-young cowHeifer-young cow Cairn-mound of stones built as a marker, Cairn-mound of stones built as a marker,
for a gravefor a grave Restrain-hold back and keep in check; Restrain-hold back and keep in check;
controlcontrol Winnowing fan- fan held to separate Winnowing fan- fan held to separate
wheat from chafwheat from chaf
Vocab cont. Vocab cont. Lineage- forefathersLineage- forefathers Enthralled- held spellbound, enchantedEnthralled- held spellbound, enchanted Escort- guide, protectorEscort- guide, protector Embarked- set outEmbarked- set out Yelps- short sharp criesYelps- short sharp cries Insolent-insulting, rudeInsolent-insulting, rude Famine- severe hunger, starvationFamine- severe hunger, starvation Dressed- cleaned in preparation for Dressed- cleaned in preparation for
cookingcooking Carcasses-dead bodies of animalsCarcasses-dead bodies of animals
BOOK 11-The Land of the DeadBOOK 11-The Land of the Dead
Answer the following in your journalAnswer the following in your journal Who is…Who is… The seer of ThebesThe seer of Thebes Son of Peleus, greatest of AchaeansSon of Peleus, greatest of Achaeans
What favor does Elpenor ask of What favor does Elpenor ask of Odysseus?Odysseus?
What ritual does Odysseus perform in What ritual does Odysseus perform in order to meet those in the order to meet those in the underworld?underworld?
What does Tiresias do in order to What does Tiresias do in order to speak to Odysseus?speak to Odysseus?
What does Odysseus learn about his What does Odysseus learn about his journey from Tiresias in Hades?journey from Tiresias in Hades?
What does Odysseus learn from What does Odysseus learn from Anticlea?Anticlea?
What does he try to do after she What does he try to do after she speaks to him?speaks to him?
Why does he failWhy does he fail
What does Agamemnon tell What does Agamemnon tell Odysseus about how men should feel Odysseus about how men should feel about women? about women?
What is the reason for Ajax’s anger What is the reason for Ajax’s anger at Odysseus?at Odysseus?
What is the Greek Underworld like?What is the Greek Underworld like?
Book 12-Cattle of the SunBook 12-Cattle of the Sun
On Aeaea Odysseus fulfills his promise to Elpenor. A On Aeaea Odysseus fulfills his promise to Elpenor. A hospitable Circe repeats some of what Tiresias has hospitable Circe repeats some of what Tiresias has warned Odysseus about, and also advises him how warned Odysseus about, and also advises him how best to negotiate some upcoming perils. By following best to negotiate some upcoming perils. By following her advice, Odysseus is able to resist the Sirens’ song her advice, Odysseus is able to resist the Sirens’ song and avoid most of the perils of the straight between and avoid most of the perils of the straight between Scylla and Charybdis. Then, though Odysseus had Scylla and Charybdis. Then, though Odysseus had been told that landing on Helios’ island could lead to been told that landing on Helios’ island could lead to a fateful error, his near mutinous men insist they a fateful error, his near mutinous men insist they need some rest. Once there, they break an oath to need some rest. Once there, they break an oath to Odysseys and feast on the Sungod’s sacred cattle. Odysseys and feast on the Sungod’s sacred cattle. Helios has his revengee and only Odysseus survives Helios has his revengee and only Odysseus survives a thunderbolt that sinks his ship. a thunderbolt that sinks his ship.
Book 12- Answer in JournalBook 12- Answer in Journal
Make notes on Odysseus’ leadership Make notes on Odysseus’ leadership Is it effectiveIs it effective
Why or why not?Why or why not?
Why has Odysseus returned to Aeaea?Why has Odysseus returned to Aeaea? How does Circe help him?How does Circe help him? Why are the cattle of Helios’s island so Why are the cattle of Helios’s island so
tempting?tempting? This is not the first time Odysseus’ This is not the first time Odysseus’
warnings are ignored. Whose fault is this? warnings are ignored. Whose fault is this?
Leadership Leadership
What makes someone a good leader? What makes someone a good leader? Find a modern example who embodies Find a modern example who embodies
the qualities of a good leaderthe qualities of a good leader Does Odysseus have these qualities? Does Odysseus have these qualities? 2 paragraphs 2 paragraphs
Vocabulary 13-15Vocabulary 13-15
Swineherd-person who tends or looks Swineherd-person who tends or looks after swineafter swine
Ravenously-extremely hungryRavenously-extremely hungry Enthralled- to hold spellbound; Enthralled- to hold spellbound;
captivatecaptivate Ignorant- lacking education or Ignorant- lacking education or
knowledgeknowledge Stately- dignified and impressiveStately- dignified and impressive Sties- an enclosure for swineSties- an enclosure for swine
Vocabulary continuedVocabulary continued
Prey- an animal hunted or caught for Prey- an animal hunted or caught for foodfood
Oath- a solemn, formal declaration or Oath- a solemn, formal declaration or promisepromise
Strait- a narrow channel joining two Strait- a narrow channel joining two larger bodies of waterlarger bodies of water
Charge- to instruct or commandCharge- to instruct or command
Book 13- Ithaca at LastBook 13- Ithaca at Last
Summary: The Phaeacians fulfill their promise to Summary: The Phaeacians fulfill their promise to Odysseus but at what will prove to be a terrible cost Odysseus but at what will prove to be a terrible cost for Poseidon feels betrayed and goes to Zeus to for Poseidon feels betrayed and goes to Zeus to punish the overly hospitable Phaeacians. Zeus turns punish the overly hospitable Phaeacians. Zeus turns the boat of the returning sailors to stone in full view the boat of the returning sailors to stone in full view of Alcinous and his people. Meanwhile, Odysseus of Alcinous and his people. Meanwhile, Odysseus does not recognize his homeland, but he is greeted does not recognize his homeland, but he is greeted by Athena is disguise of a shepherd who tells him by Athena is disguise of a shepherd who tells him where he is. She tells him that his son lives, but that where he is. She tells him that his son lives, but that he will have to endure hardships before he he will have to endure hardships before he recaptures his homeland from the suitors and his recaptures his homeland from the suitors and his faithful wife. He is to be disguised as an old man. faithful wife. He is to be disguised as an old man.
Journal QuestionsJournal Questions
How do Poseidon and Zeus interact in this How do Poseidon and Zeus interact in this book? What is the balance of power between book? What is the balance of power between them?them?
How does Odysseus first feel as he lands on How does Odysseus first feel as he lands on Ithaca?Ithaca?
How much does he tell the “shepherd” he How much does he tell the “shepherd” he meets about his true identity and intentions?meets about his true identity and intentions?
Where is Athena going at the end of this Where is Athena going at the end of this book? How does she help Odysseus at this book? How does she help Odysseus at this pointpoint
Journal Entry #5Journal Entry #5
Odysseus’ Journey HomeOdysseus’ Journey Home Create a timeline of Odysseus journey Create a timeline of Odysseus journey
home from Troy.home from Troy. The first place on the timeline should be The first place on the timeline should be
TroyTroy The last place on the timeline should be The last place on the timeline should be
IthacaIthaca Complete this on construction paperComplete this on construction paper
Label it Odysseus’ Journey homeLabel it Odysseus’ Journey home TURN IN TO BOX-DO NOT KEEP IN JOURNALTURN IN TO BOX-DO NOT KEEP IN JOURNAL
Book 14-The Loyal SwineherdBook 14-The Loyal Swineherd Summary: For the next seven books Odysseus assumes Summary: For the next seven books Odysseus assumes
the disguise of an old beggar. Here, he travels to the the disguise of an old beggar. Here, he travels to the swinherd’s place this is overseen by the loyal Eumaeus. swinherd’s place this is overseen by the loyal Eumaeus. Eumaeus has retained the traditional values relating to Eumaeus has retained the traditional values relating to hospitality; he also has remained faithful to his master. hospitality; he also has remained faithful to his master. Eumaeus reveals the terrible state of things with the Eumaeus reveals the terrible state of things with the opportunistic and greedy suitors, tells Penelope’s fate, opportunistic and greedy suitors, tells Penelope’s fate, and laments Telemachus’ journey to Pylos. When and laments Telemachus’ journey to Pylos. When Odysseus foretells his own return, Eumaeus expresses Odysseus foretells his own return, Eumaeus expresses doubt. The chapter ends with the swineherd preparing a doubt. The chapter ends with the swineherd preparing a feast for the guest who had suffered so much. He passes feast for the guest who had suffered so much. He passes a final “test” by covering his thin clad guest with a winter a final “test” by covering his thin clad guest with a winter cloak before going to sleep near the “white tusked boars” cloak before going to sleep near the “white tusked boars” to ensure their protection. to ensure their protection.
Epithets and Journal Questions: Epithets and Journal Questions:
Who is:Who is: Loyal swineherdLoyal swineherd Great teller of talesGreat teller of tales
How is the swineherd connected to Odysseus?How is the swineherd connected to Odysseus? Odysseus tells the swineherd he is from what Odysseus tells the swineherd he is from what
kind of background? Suffered what kind of kind of background? Suffered what kind of hardships?hardships?
How does Eumaeus react to Odysseus’ story?How does Eumaeus react to Odysseus’ story? Why does Odysseus say, “I’m not long for the Why does Odysseus say, “I’m not long for the
living. The cold will do me in. See I’ve got no living. The cold will do me in. See I’ve got no cloak.”? cloak.”?
Book 15-The Prince Sets Sail Book 15-The Prince Sets Sail for Homefor Home
Summary: Athena come to Telemachus Summary: Athena come to Telemachus to urge him to return to Ithaca. He to urge him to return to Ithaca. He quickly responds. Menelaus and Helen quickly responds. Menelaus and Helen shower Telemachus with gifts. The book shower Telemachus with gifts. The book then returns to Eumaeus and Ithaca. then returns to Eumaeus and Ithaca. Eumaeus tells his story. Telemachus Eumaeus tells his story. Telemachus lands in Ithaca successfully, but lands in Ithaca successfully, but secretly. He will not return to his home, secretly. He will not return to his home, but has been directed by Athena, to go but has been directed by Athena, to go to the swineherd’s farm. to the swineherd’s farm.
Journal QuestionsJournal Questions
Why is Telemachus awake when Why is Telemachus awake when Athena comes upon him?Athena comes upon him?
How does the beginning of this book How does the beginning of this book compare to the ending of Book 14?compare to the ending of Book 14?
Who gives going away presents to Who gives going away presents to Telemachus? What does this signify?Telemachus? What does this signify?
How does Odysseus test Eumaeus?How does Odysseus test Eumaeus? What aspect of Eumaeus’ story caused What aspect of Eumaeus’ story caused
Odysseus to say, “You’ve moved my Odysseus to say, “You’ve moved my heart deeply.”?heart deeply.”?
Journal Entry #6Journal Entry #6
Use evidence from the text to PROVE Use evidence from the text to PROVE that the that the Odyssey Odyssey is indeed an epic. is indeed an epic. 20 pts. 20 pts. Essay formatEssay format
5 paragraphs5 paragraphs ThesisThesis
THE REST OF THE STORY…THE REST OF THE STORY…
Book 16Book 16 Telemachus sends Eumaeus into the town to tell Telemachus sends Eumaeus into the town to tell
Penelope of his return. Odysseus then reveals Penelope of his return. Odysseus then reveals himself to his son Telemachus.himself to his son Telemachus.
Book 17Book 17 Telemachus is welcomed home by Penelope. Telemachus is welcomed home by Penelope.
Odysseus, in the clothes of a beggar, at last Odysseus, in the clothes of a beggar, at last returns to his own house. He is laughed at by returns to his own house. He is laughed at by Penelope’s suitor Antinous. Penelope’s suitor Antinous.
Book 18Book 18 Odysseus is ill-treated by the suitors, and Odysseus is ill-treated by the suitors, and
Telemachus becomes angryTelemachus becomes angry
Book 19Book 19 Penelope speaks with her husband Odysseus (not Penelope speaks with her husband Odysseus (not
knowing who he is). He tells her that Odysseus knowing who he is). He tells her that Odysseus will return. His old nurse, Euryclea, washes his will return. His old nurse, Euryclea, washes his feet and recognizes him by the scar on his leg. feet and recognizes him by the scar on his leg.
Book 20 Book 20 In the morning, Odysseus is again laughed at by In the morning, Odysseus is again laughed at by
the suitors. He makes his plans for the upcoming the suitors. He makes his plans for the upcoming battle with the suitors. battle with the suitors.
Book 21Book 21 Penelope brings out Odysseus’ bow as a test of Penelope brings out Odysseus’ bow as a test of
strength. The suitors are unable to string it. strength. The suitors are unable to string it. Odysseus then strings his bow and shoots it. Odysseus then strings his bow and shoots it.
Book 22 Book 22 Odysseus and Telemachus begin to kill the suitors. Odysseus and Telemachus begin to kill the suitors.
All of the suitors are murdered, and the unloyal All of the suitors are murdered, and the unloyal housemaids hanged. housemaids hanged.
Book 23Book 23 Euryclea tells Penelope the good news of Euryclea tells Penelope the good news of
Odysseus’ return. Penelope, convinced at last, Odysseus’ return. Penelope, convinced at last, kisses her husband. kisses her husband.
Book 24Book 24 The ghosts of the suitors gather in the house of The ghosts of the suitors gather in the house of
Hades. Odysseus goes to find his father, Laertes. Hades. Odysseus goes to find his father, Laertes. The men of Ithaca want to murder Odysseus The men of Ithaca want to murder Odysseus because of the killings, but the goddess Athena because of the killings, but the goddess Athena stops the fight and makes peace. stops the fight and makes peace.