The Ramani Huria Experience: Participatory Community Mapping of

Urban Neighborhoods: www.ramanihuria.org

Msilikale Msilanga@msilikale05

mmsilanga@worldbank.org

Outline

• Objective

• History

• Tandale

• Ramani Huria

• Background

• Methodology

• Lesson learned and recommendations2

• Objective of this presentation:

• Share the Ramani Huria

experience of Dar es salaam

• Compare mapping

methodologies

• Work towards optimising

approaches for Mozambique

Introduction

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Challenges Facing Dar es Salaam

• Rapid urbanization and unplanned growth• Fastest growing city in Africa• Informal settlements (~80% of the city)• Lack of access to basic services

• Traffic congestion• Increased risk to hazards, such as flooding

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Factors Contributing to Neighborhood Vulnerability

• Waterways constricted

• Severe seasonal flooding• Improper solid waste disposal

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Why map urban neighborhoods?

Identify the issues available – Flooding

Capture information (data) using simple tools and easy ways

Better decision making due to availability of information.

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A Short History of Community Mapping

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014PROTOTYPE

CRISIS RESPONSE

DISASTER

PREPAREDNESS

DATA DRIVEN

SMARTER

CITIES

FLOODING

PREPAREDNESS

COMMUNITY

KNOWLEDGE

TRANSFER

MAPKIBERA

HAITI RAMANITANDALE

JAKARTA MONGOLIA MALAWI

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The Beginning: Tandale Mapping (Ramani Tandale)

2011

Tandale Mapping

• The most socially excluded neighbourhood in Dar es Salaam• 71,250 population in only 90 hectares • They share the toilets and corridors• It is overcrowded, 70,000 people live in 3 square kilometres

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Tandale Mapping - Multiple Objectives

• Understand the location of critical challenges and critical infrastructure within the neighborhood - solid waste dumping sites, drainage, school, water points etc.

• Provide local university students with experience of field surveying to augment their scholarly training

• Facilitate community discussion and participation for members to express their problems using maps and blogs

• Pioneer new methods of data collection - understand the impact of new participatory/crowdsourced approaches

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Tandale Mapping - Stakeholders • World Bank who provided funds for the pilot project

• Ardhi University students who helped to train and to help the community to conduct the mapping

• Centre for Community Initiatives (CCI) – Contributed to the participation of community organizations in Tandale including:o Tandale Community who were trained by the students to map their

areas. These are the people who knows most about their neighborhoods.o Ground Truth Initiative – Coordinated all the activities of the projecto Twaweza – Donated the mapping equipment for the mapping to be

successful (GPS, Laptops and Cameras)

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Tandale Mapping - Using OpenStreetMap

1GATHER DATA

2UPLOAD DATA

3EDIT MAPS

4EDIT DATA

5RENDER MAPS

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Tandale Mapping - Using a GPS and Field Papers

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Tandale Mapping - OutputsAugust 2011

September 2011

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http://www.openstreetmap.org/node/279283638#map=16/-6.7939/39.2427 16

Tandale Mapping Results – Locating Issues Identified by the Community• Poor Sanitation• No solid waste collection points• Lack of drainage systems• Poor solid waste• Inaccessibility• Insufficient sanitary facilities

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Pivoting to Ramani Huria – Community Mapping Across Dar es Salaam

Learning from the Ramani Tandale experience enabled stakeholders to assess how new methodologies can be leveraged to quickly map and survey communities.

Following severe flooding in Dar es Salaam, the Tanzanian Commission for Science and Technology requested an at-scale community mapping project to support flood resilience activities in Dar es Salaam.

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Ramani Huria – Core Focus

• Mapping of Flooding Risks for Resilience Planning and Drainage

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Ramani Huria - The use of Drones

•It has more accuracy (1.5 m accuracy)•Is more light•No flying skills required•It map more (45 minutes for 12 km²)

Drone output

1.5 cm imagery

50 cm resolutions imagery

3D models visualizations

Hydrological modelsGood tool for flood

resilience

Coverage of Drone Mapping Dar es salaam

Other Drone Mapping projects in Dar es salaam

●Dar-es-Salaam Ramani HuriaUsed as the powerful tool for flood modeling and availability Geotiff for digitization on Openstreetmap ●Ng’ambo tuitakayo in Zanzibar Used to produce Geotiff for digitization and making of field paper for data collection●Kibele land Fills In ZanzibarUsed as determinant of waste product volume used to fill the Kibele quarrying area●Makunduchi In zanzibarProvide Aerial photography used as baseline to show the existing situation to comparing the village development along the sea shore (beach)

Ramani Huria - Mapping Objectives

• Support risk awareness activities related to urban flooding. • Enable hazard and risk analysis of communities to flooding and

understand exposure ( -> enabled by InaSAFE)• Improve understanding of urban infrastructure to inform

maintenance and planning• Build local skills and capacity. Engage communities, train next

generation of town planners, encourage local leadership

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Ramani Huria - Methodology

1.Opening community forum

2.Mapping training

3.Go mapping!

4.Participatory mapping to identify historical flood extents

5.Closing community forum

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1. Opening community forumEngage community

members, local officials

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2. Mapping trainingOn the mapping

process, including field exercises

Data collection tools

3. Go mapping!

Data collection, digitization, and data review

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Identifying hazards together with communities through participatory mapping

4. Participatory Mapping

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5. Closing community forum

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Community and Ward ExecutiveOfficers celebrate their maps!

Maps now in ward offices

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Community Mapping at Scale

29 wards fully mapped, drainage in 36home to 3.5 million people

(estimated, 3.01 million in 2012 census)

1000+ km of waterways3000+ km of roads400,000 buildings

1,700 school buildings

(quadrupling size of Tanzania’s OSM dataset)

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Ramani Huria - Current Status

• Continue mapping• Continue involving stakeholders to better help the community

during the flooding• Involve the Government to help on the process• Work out to stabilize the training to WEOs to know how to do the

mapping for changes

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Raising awareness on activities related to urban flooding

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Holding workshops and lectures on use of open data, open tools; OSM, QGIS etc

Mapping party at KinuVation Hub

Lecture at University of Dar es Salaam

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Ramani Huria – Key Actors

• Universities – Provide Students to support mapping• Municipalities – Cooperate to provide information to ward level• Humanitarian Open Street Maps (Hot) – Contracted to scale up

community mapping to a large number of neighborhoods – Using the same methodology

• Buni Hub – Working space where they train more tech people• Costech – Monitoring of the community mapping project• Red Cross – Provide help during flooding

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Ramani Huria - Stakeholders

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Lessons Learned and Recommendation

Community Mapping Produces Useful Information• Identify flood prone and other high risk locations

• Identify locations for evacuation and disaster response

• Inexpensive way to collect baseline and diagnostic data for informal

settlements

• Provide updated information in rapidly changing bairros

• Data freely available to government, projects, civil society and

academics

Community Mapping Builds Capacity

• Communities can understand and use data about their own neighborhoods

• Strengthens relationships between communities, municipalities and other partners

• Enables learning about local reality by government, researchers, NGOs/CSOs•Municipalities use bairro data to make better decisions•Local students and activists develop technical skills•Builds open data infrastructure and culture.

Practical Organization is Key to Success

•Involve all stakeholder at all stages in the process•Bairro secretaries are key to linking participation with results•Municipal leaders and staff should specify data needs

• Students and activists should train community members by doing with them not for them

• Accessible tools and technologies like smartphones, handheld GPS, open source software make the process sustainable

• Prepare logistics well to keep mapping teams happy and productive.

Asante sanaMuito Obrigado

@msilikale05