Post on 14-Dec-2015
transcript
Stimulants
• Increase alertness, concentration, and energy, blood pressure, pulse & respiration
• Prescribed to treat narcolepsy (sleep disorder), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), & depression
• Biphetamine, Dexedrine, and methylphenidates such as Ritalin & Adderall.
Methamphetamine
• Speed, ice, meth, crank, crystal, fire, glass• Smoked, snorted, injected, orally ingested• White, odorless powder• Serious health consequences- memory loss,
aggression, violence, psychotic behavior, potential cardiac and neurological damage
• Reduces dopamine transporters
Cocaine
• Snow White, Coke, Blow, Flake, Lady, Snow Bird, Nose Candy
• Rapid acting, powerful stimulant• Effects can last from 20 minutes to hours• Feeling of confidence---leads to letdown• Physical and psychological dependence• Causes tissue damage of nose & nasal septum• Can Cause heart attack
Narcotics
• Derived from poppy plant• Morphine, codeine- used medically as pain
killers• Heroin- “junk, horse, smack”• White powder, tastes bitter• Diluted with sugars, starch, powered milk,
strychnine
Narcotics
• Harmful Effects- physically & psychologically addictive
• Withdrawal symptoms- “Kicking the Habit”, shaking, sweating, vomiting, chills, runny nose & eyes
• Overdose- shallow breathing, clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possibly death
Marijuana
• Stimulant- increases heart rate, hunger
• Depressant- decreases body temperature, reaction time, interferes with muscle function
• Hallucinogen – distorts perception
Marijuana
• Hemp plant• 421 chemicals• 60 cannabinoids- including THC• Tetrahydrocannabinol• “Grass, weed, MJ, Acapulco Gold,
Panama Red, THC, hashish”
Marijuana
• In the 1920s, as a result of the Eighteenth Amendment forbidding alcoholic beverages (Prohibition), the use of marijuana as a psychoactive drug began to grow.
• After the repeal of Prohibition in 1933, marijuana continued to be used.
• In 1937, states banned the use of marijuana
Physical Effects
• Marijuana affects the cardiovascular system by increasing heart rate and dilating (expanding) blood vessels in the eyes.
• Difficulty in coordinating body movements and pains in the chest may be other effects of the drug.
• Long-term use of marijuana damages the lungs in a manner similar to tobacco smoking.
Long Term Effects
• Bronchial irritation• Lung infections, decreased lung
capacity• Temporary loss of memory• Weakens immune system• Irregular menstrual cycle• Slows body’s rate of development• Amotivational syndrome
Marijuana & accidents
• In one study conducted in Memphis, TN, researchers found that, of 150 reckless drivers who were tested for drugs at the arrest scene, 33 percent tested positive for marijuana,
• Additionally 12 percent tested positive for both marijuana and cocaine
Types of Hallucinogens
• LSD- Lysergic Acid Diethylamide• PCP- phencyclidine- angel dust, rocket fuel• Mescaline- Peyote cactus• Psilocybin mushrooms- • Ecstasy- XTC
Hallucinogens
• Drugs that cause altered perception of reality• Changes in sensation of depth perception,
time, body image, comprehension, limitations• Psychological addictive- tolerance develops
rapidly• Can cause physical withdrawal
Cost of Substance Abuse
• Economic burden in health care, crime, lost work is >$400 billion per year
• $1 out of every $8 spent on health care in U.S. People suffering from diseases caused by substance abuse
Combined, the effects of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs inflict a greater toll on the health & well-being of Americans than any other single preventable factor