Post on 15-Jan-2016
transcript
THE SHORT STORY
Readings & Elements
DEFINITION
Edgar Allan Poe, in his essay "The Philosophy of
Composition," wrote that a short story should be read in
one sitting, anywhere from a half hour to two hours.
Experimentation with literary devices
Unity:• One plot• One main character (with a few additional minor
characters)• One central theme• One setting/time
ELEMENTS
Character: dominant traits (flat, not round characters)
Plot: dialogue, opening sets tone, twist ending (complete
reversal of all that’s been) or soft ending (implication that story
continues close)
Setting: nature takes on significance
Point of View
Literary Devices:• Symbolism• Figurative language
“THE KISS”
Author: Kate Chopin
Plot: Girl secures wealthy husband while attempting
to string along another man.
SS Element to consider: Character
Names have meanings!
Dominant Traits: Natty, Braintain, Harvy
“TOO SOON A WOMAN”
Author: Dorothy Johnson
Plot: A young woman meets a family and tags along until a crisis of food and
lodging causes her to rise above her circumstances and find some
happiness.
SS Element to consider: Setting
Setting (Nature takes on significance)• Atmosphere or Tone• Influence over plot• How does setting operate as a character itself?
Character (Dominant Traits, Motivation)
Plot Development (Opening, Closing)
“HORSE”
Author: Ann Packer
Plot: Brainy girl tries to transform herself into a pom-pom girl
and fails.
SS Element to consider: Point of View
Point of View – the power of perspective! What is known,
perceived, realized?
Character (Dominant Traits, Motivation)
Plot Development (Opening, Close)
“A MEASURE OF FREEDOM”
Author: Jade Snow Wong (autobiography written in 3rd person)
Plot: Immigrant daughter attends school and gains some wisdom and
freedom.
SS Element to consider: Conflict
Chinese Culture vs. American Culture;
Student vs. Educator;
Daughter/Child vs. Parents;
Desires vs. Duty;
Individual vs. Family
“THE SCHOLARSHIP JACKET”
Author: Marta Salinas
Plot: Tex-Mex girl must rise above discrimination.
SS Element to consider: Plot Development
Exposition: setting/characters (Marta/Martha; farm; Tex-Mex
conflict)
Rising Action: initial conflict (overhearing teachers Grandpa’s
refusal)
Climax: meeting with principal (facing prejudice)
Falling Action/Resolution: runs home to Grandpa with news
“TRIP IN A SUMMER DRESS”
Author: Annette Sandford (major themes: “friendship, marriage, family”)
Plot: Young woman leaves behind mother (& son) to embark on a
new life, only to realize (a) that her mother was right! or (b) stability
and familial ties matter most.
SS Element to consider: Figurative Language
Sandford on language: “I am much concerned with rhythm in my
prose, with character and with letting the story reveal itself to
me…”
Metaphor; Simile; Allusion – influence over plot/characters?
SHORT STORY ELEMENT PAPER
For this essay, you are to identify a short story element at work within
one of the short stories we have read so far: “The Kiss,” “Too Soon a
Woman,” “Horse,” “A Measure of Freedom,” “The Scholarship Jacket” or
“Trip in a Summer Dress.”
Next, you are to write a 1 ½ -- 2 pgd. paper, using the following format:• 1-2 sentence topic (identify title of work and author; identify element
under discussion and its effect on the story)• 6-8 sentence body (identify 2-4 main ideas that use direct quotes from
the story as proof for each idea; be sure to explain each quote!)• 1-2 sentence conclusion (recap main ideas and topic of paper)
DUE: September 12, 2014
“WHERE ARE YOU GOING, WHERE HAVE YOU BEEN?”
Author: Joyce Carol Oates
Plot: Young girl thinks she’s too cool for her family only to realize that the world is a
much scarier place full of lies and pretense.
Literary Theme: Coming-of-Age (bildungsroman: character grows psychologically
and/or morally)
Character: Dominant Traits, Motivation
Setting: American Pop Culture in the 60s (compare to different times/places)
Plot Development: Exposition vs. Resolution (Connie at opening and close); Climax
Point of View: Connie’s? Arnold Friend’s? Parents?
Conflict: Parents vs. Connie; Arnold vs. Connie; Innocence vs. Ignorance
Figurative Language: Metaphors, Similes, Allusions?
“MRS. SEN’S”
Author: Jhumpa Lahiri
Plot: Young woman misses native Indian home and fails to assimilate.
SS Element to consider: Character, Setting, Point of View, Conflict
Thematic Elements: loneliness, broken communication, identity, coming-of-age
Character: Mrs. Sen (ethnic identity), Eliot (latchkey kid)
Setting: New England; college town; inside Mrs. Sen’s home
Point of View: What does Eliot see/understand that his mother or Mr. Sen
doesn’t?
Conflict: America vs. India; Mrs. Sen vs. Eliot’s mother; Mrs. Sen vs. Mr.
Sen
COMING -OF-AGE THEME IN L ITERATURE
For this essay, you are to choose either two characters from the different
short stories we have discussed in class and compare or contrast their
coming-of-age or delineate the coming-of-age of one character from “Mrs.
Sen’s” or “WAYGWHYB?”
Next, you are to write a 1 ½ -- 2 pgd. paper, using the following format:• 1-2 sentence topic (identify titles and authors; identify characters and how
they connect to one another)• 6-8 sentence body (identify 3 similarities or differences between the
characters you have chosen to compare or identify 3 key moments of growth; use direct quotes from each story as proof for each idea; be sure to explain each quote!)
• 1-2 sentence conclusion (recap main ideas and topic of paper)
DUE: September 18, 2014