Post on 16-Nov-2014
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Do Now: Observe the specimen on your desk
1. What is the specimen called
2. Describe all its characteristics such as color, texture, size, hardness.
3. Just by looking at your specimen can you tell how it was formed?
Big Idea # 8:
• Essential Question 1: What are the three types of rocks? How do they form?
• Essential Question 2: What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive rocks?
• Essential Question 3: How do rocks get recycled by the earth processes?
• Essential Question 4: How does a rock compare to a mineral?
Chapter 5 Rocks
Classifying Rocks
Cornell Notes: Rocks
What characteristics are used to identify rocks?
Question/ Vocabulary•When studying a rock sample, geologists observe the rock’s•Color•Texture•Determine its mineral composition
Notes
Cornell Notes: Texture
How can we use texture to describe rocks?
Question/ Vocabulary•The terms used in
rock description are:Grain size
Fine-grainedCoarse-grained
Grain shapeSmooth Jagged
Grain pattern bandednonbanded
Notes
Figure 3 Texture helps geologists classify rocks. Forming Operational Definitions – Looking at the rocks below, describe the characteristics of a rock that help you define what a rock’s “grain” is.
Cornell Notes: Rocks
What are the three major groups of rocks?
Question/ Vocabulary
• Igneous rock• Sedimentary
rock• Metamorphi
c rock
Notes
Cornell Notes: Rocks
What are the Igneous Rocks?
Question/ Vocabulary
• Igneous rockForms from the cooling of molten rock – either magma below the surface or lava at the surface
Notes
Cornell Notes: Rocks
How do scientists classify Igneous Rocks?
Question/ Vocabulary
Igneous rocks are classified two different ways:
1. Where they were formed
2. What they are made from (mineral composition)
Notes
Cornell Notes: Rocks
Intrusive Igneous Rocks
Question/ Vocabulary
•Igneous rocks that form below the Earth’s surface are called intrusive igneous rocks (or plutonic).
Notes
Cornell Notes: Rocks
Extrusive Igneous Rocks
Question/ Vocabulary
•Extrusive igneous rocks, or volcanics, form when magma makes its way to Earth's surface. The molten rock erupts or flows above the surface as lava, and then cools forming rock.
Notes
Do Now: Answer Questions in notebook1. In your own words define Igneous Rock?2. Describe what an Igneous Rock will look and feel like?3.What is one example of a Igneous Rock?
Cornell Notes: Rocks
What are sedimentary rocks?
Question/ Vocabulary• Sedimentary
rockForms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented togetherForms below the surface
Notes
Cornell Notes: Rocks
What are sedimentary rocks?
Question/ Vocabulary• Igneous rocks are the
most common rocks on Earth, but because most of them exist below the surface you might not have seen too many of them.
• 75 percent of the rocks exposed at the surface are sedimentary rocks.
Notes
Cornell Notes: Rocks
What are Metamorphic Rocks?
Question/ Vocabulary Metamorphic rock• Forms when an existing
rock is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions• Most metamorphic rock
forms deep underground• Forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together• Forms below the surface
Notes
Foldable (Front Cover)
Vocabulary Definitions
Mineral
Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
Foldable (Inside)Examples/ sketches
Characteristics and formation
Vocabulary Definitions
CrystalGemOreExtrusiveIntrusiveDetrital RocksChemical RocksOrganic RocksFoliatedNon Foliated
Do Now: Answer questions below1. When magma undergoes crystallization above
ground, what type of rock results? – A. Intrusive igneous rock – B. Extrusive igneous rock – C. Metamorphic rock – D. Sedimentary rock
• Which of the following rock types form from placing other rocks under heat and pressure? – A. Sedimentary rock – B. Metamorphic rock – C. Intrusive igneous rock – D. Extrusive igneous rock
Cornell Notes: Rocks
What processes make & destroy rocks?
Question/ Vocabulary
•Geological processes such as erosion & deposition influence the type of rock that is formed on Earth’s surface
Notes
Cornell Notes: Rocks
What is Sediment?
Question/ Vocabulary
• small particles (usually dirt) that was suspended in water and has settled to the bottom
Notes
Cornell Notes: Rocks
What is Erosion?
Question/ Vocabulary
• is the process of removing sediment from its original location. Usually carried away by water or air; (it is displaced
Notes
What is Deposition?
Question/ Vocabulary• is the sediment that
is carried away (or displaced) by erosion, is dropped off in a new location.
Notes
Feeling the Heat & Pressure
• Sediment that is buried, can be squeezed by weight of layers on top of it to form sedimentary rock.
• When the pressure & temperature is high enough, the rock can change into metamorphic rock.
• If the rock gets hot enough inside the earth, the rock melts. The melted rock becomes magma; which then cools & forms igneous rock.
Parent Rock Granite Shale Sandstone
Daughter Rock
Gneiss Slate Quartzite
Igneous Rock
Metamorphic Rock
Sedimentary Rock
Magma
melting
melting
Weathering
cooling
Weathering
sediment
Heat & pressure
Heat & pressure
Weathering
Compaction & cementation
Draw the rock cycle in your notebook
Cornell Notes: Rock Cycle
What is the rock cycle?
Question/ Vocabulary
•The Rock Cycle refers to the constant sequence of one type of rock turning into another.
Notes
Click Here for an Animation that Further Explains the Rock Cycle
Rock Cycle Project: Due Monday • Make a children’s book about rocks. Book should
cover the 3 different type of rocks, how they are formed, how they are classified, examples of each type, and the rock cycle. Have both words (text) and pictures (drawn and colored or pictures). Try to put it into a story rather than a science text book format.
• Write a 3+ page report about 1-2 rocks/minerals. Research the rock/mineral on the web. Describe what type of rock it is, how it was formed, what it’s uses are, how/if it is mined, location, trade value/ worth, and what it looks like. Include a bibliography “Time New Roman 12 inch font if typed.”