Post on 26-Mar-2018
transcript
Abstract # 2
Ursel, Barter
Title: DOSAGE CALCULATIONS: “MAKING IT REAL!”
Karen Ursel, RN, BN, MHSA Cathy Barter, RN, BScN, MN CON (c)
PhD student Instructor
University of New Brunswick - Moncton
Senior Nursing Instructor
University of New Brunswick - Moncton
Phone: (506) 856-2698
Email: kursel@unb.ca
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Numeracy and dosage calculation are fundamental skills required to provide safe,
competent nursing practice which are tested throughout nursing programs. Ensuring
patient safety during the clinical practicum and into the future professional nursing
practice is an overarching goal of nursing academia.
This presentation will provide an overview of the ongoing challenges with dosage
calculations and the issues of numeracy within the nursing student population. The
presenters will explore some of the challenges nursing students encounter in
developing dosage calculation competency from a macro perspective. The literature
(Andrew et al., 2009; Wright, 2005, 2006) suggests that the key problem areas are
numeracy skills and the ability to contextualize the problem being asked. The
principles of Parse‟s(1998) Human Becoming theory will be used as a guide to reflect
with the students‟ responses to their numeracy challenges with traditional dosage
administration quizzes. The Faculty members‟ experiences with dosage calculation at
the Moncton campus will also be presented providing baseline statistics, year-to-year
comparisons, and the various strategies that have been utilized in NURS 3073 to
respond to the numeracy challenges.
With the successful project award from the UNB Teaching and Learning Project
Fund, entitled “Developing Numeracy in the Nursing Student Population”, by Dr. C
Aquino-Russell, Dr. J. Grant McLoughlin & K. Ursel, the presenters will share plans
for the project which is intended to address the numeracy skills of nursing students.
The project will involve engaging the mathematical education expertise of Dr. John
Grant McLoughlin, and his Faculty of Education students to work with the nursing
students in Moncton to overcome their “mathematical anxiety” and to enhance their
numeracy skills/competency.
Abstract # 3
Aquino-Russell, Russell
Title: IMMERSION IN ANOTHER CULTURE: CONSIDERING
PARADOXICAL EXPERIENCES IN UNIVERSITY CLASSROOMS
Dr. Catherine Aquino-Russell, RN, MN, PhD Dr. Roger Russell, PhD
Associate Professor Director, Professional Studies
UNB Faculty of Nursing - Moncton Campus Crandall University - Moncton
Phone: (506) 869-6592
Email: caquinor@unb.ca
Notes:
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We have worked, learned, and lived in Indonesia. These experiences prompted
Roger‟s PhD dissertation entitled: Expatriate Managers’ Immersion in Another
Culture: A Phenomenological Study of Lived Experiences. The findings of this
research uncovered eight paradoxical experiences that were lived by persons who
were immersed in another culture. We have shared these paradoxes with others and
have found that they, too, have experienced similar situations and feelings. We believe
that these paradoxes are universal and could be viewed from the perspective of
teachers in university classrooms and their students, each of whom may or may not
“come from away”. By taking the opportunity to view these paradoxes from
individuals‟ perspectives, understanding will ensue about what it is like to be
immersed in another culture. Conference participants will transcend their
understanding -- to seeing the phenomenon (being immersed in another culture) in a
new light. This insight will assist teachers and students from different cultures to feel
understood and supported in classrooms.
Abstract # 4
Burke
Title: EMBRACING CREATIVITY TO ENHANCE REFLECTION AND
CRITICAL THINKING
Dawn Burke, RN, MN
Senior Teaching Associate
UNB Faculty of Nursing - Fredericton
Phone: (506) 458-7639
Email: burked@unb.ca
Notes:
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Registered nurses are expected to reflect on their nursing practice on an ongoing
basis1. This reflection encourages critical thinking. Recognizing that learners have
varying educational needs and styles I sought to combine the creative with the
reflective. In a two part assignment students first reflected independently on different
aspects of chronic illness through the lens of a camera. Following this, the learners
worked together in clinical groups to present how their photographs captured their
understanding of chronic illness. Students were creative in presenting their thoughts
and utilized such medium as creating videos, writing songs, scrapbooking,
incorporating music and power point. The idea to incorporate photo novella into
teaching was drawn from my thesis research where I explored the meaning of
spirituality in oncology and palliative care nursing by having the participants take
photographs to capture what spirituality meant to them 2. The participants articulated
how the process of taking photographs was beneficial in assisting their critical
thinking, insight and reflection. Since photo novella encourages critical thinking and
reflection3. I was motivated to merge this method into both the classroom and clinical
setting. By combining the use of photography and the arts with reflection on clinical
experiences, students are afforded the opportunity to reflect in such an in-depth
manner than encourages both personal and professional growth. Encouraging this type
of reflection early in their careers may provide nurses with a powerful ability to have
insight and strength to assist others, and may better enable them to experience long
lasting satisfaction and fulfillment as nurses
Abstract # 5
Doucet
Title: THE HEALTH MENTORS PROGRAM: AN INTERPROFESSIONAL
EXPERIENCE LEARNING FIRSTHAND ABOUT CHRONIC
CONDITIONS - A WORK IN PROGRESS
Shelley Doucet, RN, BN, MScN, PhD
Instructor, Department of Nursing & Health Sciences
University of New Brunswick – Saint John
Phone: (506) 645-9445
Email: sdoucet@unb.ca
Notes:
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The Health Mentors Program (HMP) is an innovative learning opportunity that
introduces health professional students to patient/client-centred care, interprofessional
collaboration, and chronic illness and disability. Health Mentors are adult volunteers
with a chronic condition who share their experience with a small interprofessional
team who listen and learn, but do not provide treatment or advice. The HMP engages
almost 600 health professional students from Dalhousie University (17 programs) and
UNBSJ (1 program). Participating from New Brunswick are 30 medical students from
Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick and 18 nursing students from UNBSJ. The New
Brunswick students were organized into 15 teams of three to four students, each
having one mentor. Student teams met with their mentor four times over the academic
year, exploring their mentor‟s Life Story and Chronic Condition Journey.
The HMP is a work in progress, nearing the end of its pilot year. Anecdotal feedback
from students, supervisors, mentors and committee and working group members
reinforces the efficacy of the basic model, while highlighting the nature of
institutional commitment required to deliver a quality interprofessional program. The
planners and organizers of the program have found that their collaborative effort is in
itself a model of interprofessional interaction that provides a valuable underpinning
for the interprofessional experience offered to the students.
Interprofessional collaboration is a reality in today‟s health care system. The HMP
was developed as one way of providing a rich learning opportunity for a broad range
of health professional students that will prepare them to be respectful, caring, and
productive members of interprofessional teams in their practice. Lessons related to the
strengths and challenges of the interprofessional health mentor program will be
described.
Abstract # 6
Lessard
Title: EXPLORING REFLEXIVITY IN NURSING PRACTICE: A
CONCEPT ANALYSIS
Stacey Lessard, RN, BN
UNB MN Student - Fredericton
Mental Health Nurse, Department of National Defence
Phone : (506) 357-6842
E-mail: q2pk@unb.ca
Notes:
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Rigorous analysis of core nursing concepts serves to clarify definitions as well as
conceptual boundaries, attributes, and outcomes. In order for nursing to continue to
evolve in its knowledge as a discipline, concept analysis is imperative. This research
seeks to add such clarification to the concept of reflexivity within the nursing
discipline particularly as it applies to nurses in practice. Review of the literature
within nursing, education, and sociology disciplines has highlighted confusion and
lack of clarity regarding the meaning and application of the concept of reflexivity.
Reflexivity is most commonly used in qualitative research methodological discussions
as a means for the researcher to consider the influence one has on all aspects of the
study and its findings. In reference to nursing practice, reflexivity is often used
interchangeably with allied concepts such as reflection however it is also discussed as
a process nurses engage in to facilitate ethical decision making or to make
enhancements to their practice. Using Morse‟s Criterion-Based method of concept
analysis, this research will add clarity about reflexivity and determine its pragmatic
utility (usefulness) within nursing practice. Currently, thorough reading and analysis
of all relevant literature (critical appraisal) is being conducted with application of the
method‟s four guiding principles. This presentation will highlight Morse‟s method of
concept analysis, how it is being used to conduct this study, and what initial data
analysis has revealed thus far.
Abstract # 7
Rickards
Title: THE QUAGMIRE OF RESEARCH ETHICS WHEN STUDYING
FAMILIES: THINGS TO CONSIDER.
Tracey Rickards, RN, MN, PhD (c)
Dalhousie PhD Student - Fredericton
Senior Instructor
UNB Faculty of Nursing
Phone: (506) 447-3412
Email: srickar1@unb.ca
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Developing a research study requires a great deal of work and dedication. You begin
with an idea that warrants further study, formulate a question, establish the method
that fits the question, embark upon the review of the literature, search for or develop
the research tools; finally pulling all this together into a research proposal. In order to
proceed, the next step is applying for approval from the research ethics board from
your institution, the institution in which you will do the research, or both. This may at
first seem fairly straight forward; simply complete the form, submit, wait, and voila!
Not so fast! When considering research on any subject there are a number of
mechanisms in place to consider the wellbeing and safety of the research participants.
No more so than in research involving families. When a research study calls for
inclusion of the input of children the simplicity and straightforwardness suddenly
disappears and becomes a quagmire. Using the backdrop of my own experiences with
seeking ethics approval for my doctoral research into the process of becoming a
lesbian headed step-family, I will discuss the multiple areas requiring thoughtful
consideration.
Abstract # 8
Poley
Title: THE EXPERIENCES AND SUPPORT NEEDS OF INTERNATIONALLY
EDUCATED NURSES FROM OUTSIDE OF NORTH AMERICA AND BRITAIN
IN NEW BRUNSWICK
Kimberley Poley, RN, BN
UNB MN Student - Fredericton
Research Assistant – UNB Fredericton
Phone : (506) 447-3042
Email: y8f8a@unb.ca
Notes:
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Aim: This presenter will critically discuss two things: the challenges associated with
nurses from outside of North America and Britain seeking to become licensed to
practice in New Brunswick and a proposed qualitative study that will examine this
issue further.
Background: The current nursing workforce does not reflect the increasing cultural
diversity of the population of New Brunswick. According to the Nurses Association of
New Brunswick, applications for licensure by internationally educated nurses in New
Brunswick have doubled over the last two years. From January 2009 to September
2009 there were 57 applicants. The majority (26) were baccalaureate prepared nurses
from the Philippines.
Proposed Research Approach: The presenter will describe a proposed qualitative
study that she will complete as part of the requirements of a masters degree in nursing.
She welcomes critique of her proposed approach and hopes to engage the audience in
a thoughtful discussion of the proposed strategies and challenges associated with this
work.
Abstract # 9
Ballem
Title: EXPERIENCED NURSES’ PERCEPTIONS: NEW GRADUATES IN THE
WORKPLACE
Anne Ballem, RN, BN
UNB MN Student – Fredericton
Instructor, UNB Faculty of Nursing
Nurse Educator, Doctor Everett Chalmers Regional Hospital
Phone: (506) 452-5178
Email: aballem@unb.ca
Notes:
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Experienced nurses are repeatedly asked to mentor new nurses in intense, demanding
work environments. Nursing graduates enter the workplace anticipating that
experienced nurses will guide and mentor them as they begin to develop clinical
expertise. Existing research showed that new nurses reported a lack of support,
negative interactions and bullying from experienced nurses. This understanding of
experienced nurses‟ views and behaviors was developed from perspectives of new
graduates. To gain an understanding of experienced nurses‟ perspectives of working
alongside new graduates in the workplace I interviewed eight nurses from two New
Brunswick hospitals. Narrative methodology provided these nurses the opportunity to
reflect on their experiences and share their perspectives of working with new
graduates. Analysis revealed that experienced nurses prepare in advance for working
with new graduates and mentoring adds significantly to experienced nurses‟ already
heavy patient assignments in intense workplaces. Experienced nurses are supportive
of new graduates‟ learning and skill acquisition yet participants‟ stories revealed some
actions inconsistent with their statements. The main themes identified were: new
graduates are coming, keeping us on our toes, and carrying the load. The findings
provide valuable information that will help nurses, educators, and managers gain a
greater understanding about what it is like for experienced nurses working with new
nurses. New graduates will benefit by having an understanding of experienced nurses‟
working lives prior to entering their world. The findings will help identify
interventions that can be initiated to formally support experienced nurses as they
mentor new nurses beginning practice.
Abstract # 10
Hurley
Title: ARISING FROM THE FALL: NURSES STORIES CARING FOR THE
FALLEN OLDER ADULT WITH DEMENTIA
Kathi Hurley, RN, BN
UNB MN Student - Moncton
Phone: (506)
Email: o0k3w@unb.ca
Notes:
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Older adults living in a long-term care facility experience a fall rate three times higher
than for those living at home. The health consequence of falling adds disturbing
adverse outcomes. Although patient safety initiatives are being implemented
nationwide, falls for the older adult with dementia living in a long-term care facility
remain a concern. To advance knowledge regarding effective fall prevention and early
intervention strategies, an approach to research that asks nurses -- as those closest to
the phenomenon of falls -- to share their knowledge and experiences is required. A
sample of no more than six registered nurses having cared for an older adult with
dementia living in a long-term care facility will be recruited through posters and
snowball sampling. Nurses will be interviewed separately in preferred locations.
These interviews will be transcribed and sub stories and themes will be identified. The
resulting stories and themes will be offered back to the nurses for validation and
additional information in a second interview. Asking nurses to share their experiences
will provide meaning and enhance our understanding around the complexity of care
encountered while attempting fall prevention and interventions. Narrative analysis will
draw on the wisdom ensconced in nurse‟s stories of caring for such patients who have
fallen. My project purports to generate knowledge that nurses and other healthcare
professionals as well as family members may consider when implementing effective
individualized interventions for reducing or eliminating falls for this population.
Subsequently, the findings may assist to improve the quality of life for older adult
with dementia living in a long- term care facility.
Abstract # 11
Cruttenden
Title: PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH AND THE ATLANTIC SENIORS’
HOUSING RESEARCH ALLIANCE STUDY
Kathleen Cruttenden, RN, PhD
Co-Investigator for NB
UNB Faculty of Nursing Adjunct Professor - Fredericton
Phone: (506) 451-6895
Email: kcrutten@unb.ca
Notes:
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The Atlantic Seniors‟ Housing Research Alliance (ASHRA) was a Four--Phase
Atlantic seniors‟ housing and support study funded by a CURA grant from SSHRC.
The purpose of this presentation is to examine participatory research during the
quantitative part of Phase II with Stakeholders and Community Partners from four
Atlantic Provinces. Stakeholders and Partners participated in redesigning the CMHC
questionnaire, involving their communities to support data collection and later,
disseminating the findings. Participatory research is defined as inquiry with the
participation of those affected by an issue for the purpose of education and action for
affected change (Green et al., 1995. 4). Mutual education included learning validity
and reliability issues associated with redesigning an existing questionnaire as a user-
friendly survey tool, use of language, sampling and numbers of respondents required
for the study. The value of Participatory Research for seniors‟ policy-making is
discussed.
Abstract # 12
Wilkins
Title: PICTURE CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY! USING PHOTOGRAPHS AS
TOOLS TO EXPLORE THE COMPLEXITY OF CANCER RISK
Krista Lynn Wilkins, RN, PhD Assistant Professor
UNB Faculty of Nursing – Fredericton
Phone: (506) 447-3077
Email: kwilkins@unb.ca
Notes:
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Background: Increasingly more researchers are recognizing that numbers alone are
not sufficient to understand the complexity of cancer risk. Much of the quantification
of cancer risk has arisen from secondary data sources, such as cancer registries, but
the variables captured do not fully reflect the complex regional circumstances and
dynamics of cancer risk. Visual methodologies may be used as tools to identify new
risk factors for cancer and point to social processes that might influence cancer risk.
Purpose: The purpose of this presentation is to provide practical guidelines for (1)
designing photo-elicitation research, and (2) using the words and images that emerge
from that research as a new mode of communicating population health concepts, such
as cancer risk.
Methods: Steps involved in developing a photo-elicitation research study, and the
benefits and challenges of using photographs to engage participants in research will be
explored. Examples will be drawn from the presenter‟s pilot study on the “visual
epidemiology” of second cancer risk among cancer survivors.
Conclusions: When done well, photo-elicitation research can add depth and context to
the epidemiological inquiry of cancer risk. Taking photos will mean research
participants will physically interact with their community and reflect on objects they
may sometimes ignore in considering their cancer risk. The increasingly complex
issues faced by cancer patients and their families demand creative ways to research
solutions to their problems; thus, the time has come for photo-elicitation methods in
cancer epidemiology research.
Abstract # 13
Weaver
Title: IT’S NOT ABOUT FOOD! EXPERIENCES OF PEER FACILITATORS,
UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WITH EATING ISSUES AND HIGHSCHOOL
STUDENTS AT-RISK
Kathryn Weaver, BN, MN, PhD
Professor
UNB Faculty of Nursing
Phone: (506) 458-7648
Email: kweaver@unb.ca
Notes:
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It’s Not about Food is a collaborative interdisciplinary research-based initiative
designed to help prevent and manage eating issues in the population of university
women students. A clinical placement for small groups of upper level Bachelor of
Nursing students during fall and winter semesters, It’s Not about Food uses peer
facilitated support, psychoeducation processes and feminist constructs to successfully
challenge narrow standards of beauty for women. The initiative has had exceptional
success which may be attributed to the ability of the peer facilitators to share social
and cultural narratives with those seeking help. In this presentation, I will briefly
outline the It’s Not about Food program including its key stakeholders, program
objectives and components, training materials and concurrent Harrison-McCain
funded research agenda. I will share feedback from nursing student peer facilitators
and the analysis of qualitative interviews with past program participants - university
women seeking help for eating issues and associated underpinnings of low self
esteem, disturbed body image and self neglect. Through outreach efforts to extend the
project beyond the university community, educational activities were also conducted
with at-risk middle school students. The positive benefits related to participation in the
project support peer-facilitated pedagogy to address eating and related issues within
campus and surrounding communities, furthering the recruitment and retention of
university students and enhancing health and well-being of all students
Abstract # 14
Getty, et al
Title: HEALTH AND SOCIAL SUPPORT NEEDS OF DESCENDANTS OF
RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL SURVIVORS
Grace Getty, RN, PhD (c)
Professor
UNB Faculty of Nursing - Fredericton
Phone: (506) 453-4519
Email: getty@unb.ca
Co-Authored: J. Bartibogue, A. Colfer, D. Francis, M. Ingram, M. Martin, C. Milliea,
G. Nicholas, G. Paul, W. Perley, R Sappier, & E. Simon
Context: Residential School Survivors from Burnt Church, Elsipogtog, and Tobique
First nations advocated that a study be conducted with their descendants, recognizing
that the effects of their experiences at Shubenacadie Residential School had impacted
on their parenting practices and the lives of their children and grandchildren.
Research questions:
What do the descendants of Residential School Survivors understand about the
experiences of their family members while at „Shubie‟?
What were the experiences of descendants of residential schools growing up?
What suggestions for services did the descendants offer?
Method: A community-based participatory action research approach was used. A
research team was composed of Residential School Survivor Advocates, Community
Research Assistants, an Elder, and the Project Coordinator of the Mi‟kmaq/Maliseet
Healing Networking Center, and an academic researcher. Twenty-five descendants
from these communities were interviewed. The data were analyzed by the research
team for each community. The codes were entered into the Ethnograph program and
the report written by the academic researcher with feedback and corrections provided
by the First Nations members of the research team. The study findings were reported
to each of the participating communities. The data from this study have been returned
to the Co-ordinator of the Mi‟kmaq/Maliseet Healing Network.
Findings: The resilience of both Residential School Survivors and their descendants
was evident throughout this study as the descendants located the losses experienced
through the residential school experience within the historical, social, spiritual, and
physical losses endured throughout colonization. Descendants‟ life experiences were
described along with their efforts to heal. Suggestions for programs fell into the
categories of Therapeutic Healing, Reclaiming History, and Cultural Activities.
Twenty-four recommendations emerged from the experiences of the descendants and
their suggestions for health and social programs that would facilitate their families‟
healing.
Conclusions: The suggestions that emerged from this study frame a whole approach
to supporting the healing trajectory in which these families are engaged.
Abstract # 15
McCormack
Title: HEALTH DETERMINANTS THAT INFLUENCE THE HEALTH STATUS
OF HOMELESS PERSONS
Dianne McCormack, RN, PhD
Professor
Department of Nursing, UNB – Saint John
Phone: (506) 648-5734
Email: dianne.mccormack@unb.ca
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One of the dominant health models in the Canadian Health Care System purported by
the Government of Canada is the Determinants of Health Model. A comprehensive
measure of health within this model is so difficult that most research studies focus on
narrow but manageable aspects of the determinants of health model. The McCormack
Assessment Scale for the Health of the Homeless (MASHH), inductively derived to
include the health experiences of homeless persons, is a response to this problem for
this population. Beginning evidence of reliability and validity indicate that MASHH
developed using a sequential triangulation design uncovered an internal structure of
health that identified the health determinants important to homeless persons,
delineated critical indicators contributing to health, and confirmed that health is
experienced within a social context. This presentation discusses one of the five study
purposes; to name the health determinants that influence the health status and make a
difference in the health experiences of persons who are homeless. Foundational to
attaining, maintaining, and regaining health for members of this population is the
requirement to identify and understand how diverse determinants influence health.
Abstract # 16
Yeomans, Reading
Title: A NOVEL TOPICAL OXYGEN THERAPY FOR TREATING
CUTANEOUS WOUNDS
Maggie Yeoman, BSc, BPHE, MSc (c) Stacey Reading, PhD
UNB Master of Kinesiology Student – Fredericton Assistant Professor
Faculty of Kinesiology
Phone: (506) 453-4893
E-mail: 5r5nxs@unb.ca
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Participation in athletic training and competition can result in abrasion and blistering
of the foot skin. These injuries are not catastrophic yet they can delay training or
diminish performance. Any intervention that speeds healing will benefit the athlete.
Oxygen (O2) is critical to healing and excess O2 can accelerate the process in
epidermal tissue. Unfortunately, it is difficult to increase tissue O2 levels in the
absence of hyperbaric equipment. The present study tests the hypothesis that O2
enriched water is an effective vehicle for increasing the O2 partial pressure of tissues
(tcPO2) in the foot. To test our hypothesis, 20 subjects (25± 0.5yrs) sat at the end of a
bench and submerged each foot into a container of tap water (Control; 1.7±0.2 mg·L-1
O2, PO2≈50mmHg, 31.2±0.9C°) or oxygen-enriched water (High-O2; 63.3±0.8 mg·L-1
O2, PO2≈1010mmHg 33.8±1.4C°). O2 fluxoptodes were placed on the plantar surface
of the big toe and near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) probes were secured to the arch
of the foot. Skin PO2 was measured before and after 30 minutes of water submersion
and NIRS continuously monitored changes in haemoglobin (Hb) O2 status. Skin PO2
of the big toe was 86.7±4.3 and 81.7±4.9 mmHg for the Control and High-O2 groups
prior to treatment. Post-treatment, skin PO2 of Control feet decreased from
160.3±0.4mmHg to 81.7±4.9mmHg over 20 minutes. For High-O2 treated feet, skin
PO2 increased from 160.2±0.4mmHg to 237.2±9.9mmHg over the first 2 minutes and
was 117.3±10.1mmHg 20 minutes post-treatment. NIRS revealed that the total Hb
decreased during treatment suggesting that the High-O2 water decreased blood flow in
the foot (Control 0.1±0.9μM; High-O2 -2.4±0.4μM; p<0.05). Despite receiving less
blood, the total oxygenation index increased significantly in High-O2 water treated feet
(Control; -1.5±0.5: High-O2; 1.8±1.0%). These results suggest that oxygen-enriched
water can increase the PO2 in the skin of the foot. Since the skin can absorb
appreciable amounts of O2 from water, soaking in oxygen-enriched water may be a
novel treatment for superficial foot injuries.
Abstract # 17
Scott-Storey
Title: ABUSE AS A GENDERED RISK FACTOR FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Kelly Scott-Storey, RN, MN, PhD (c) Interdisciplinary PhD Student
University of New Brunswick
Email: x4do@unb.ca
Notes:
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Abuse as a Gendered Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects 1 in 3 Canadian women making it one of the
most serious health challenges facing women today. What is of concern is that while
CVD has been steadily decreasing among men, it is not decreasing as rapidly among
women for reasons that remain largely unknown. Investigation into risk factors for
CVD has primarily focused on sex-based differences with little attention paid to
gender-based differences. Exploration of gender-based differences is warranted to
better understand some of the discrepancies that exist between men and women with
respect to CVD and to better inform primary and secondary prevention efforts.
Interpersonal abuse is a serious gendered social issue affecting nearly half of Canadian
women. Abuse is a chronic stressor that is believed to increase the risk for CVD
primarily through behavioral, psychological, and biological pathways. Despite
emerging links, research examining the relationship between abuse and CVD is still
within its infancy. Using longitudinal data obtained from the Women‟s Health Effects
Study (2004-2010), this study proposes to test a multivariate model examining the
effects of lifetime abuse on CVD risk as mediated through CVD risk behaviors of
smoking and over-eating as well as changes in depressive symptomatology among
women who have left an abusive relationship. This doctoral research is funded
through the Regional Partnership Program involving collaboration with CIHR,
NBHRF, and the University of New Brunswick.
Abstract # 18
O’Donnell, MacIntosh
Title: SUPPORT NEEDS OF WOMEN BULLIED AT WORK
Sue O’Donnell, RN, MN, PhD (c) Judy MacIntosh, BN, MSc (A), PhD
UNB Interdisciplinary PhD candidate Professor, Assistant Dean R.F.D.
UNB Faculty of Nursing - Fredericton
Phone: (506) 458-7638
Email: p986z@unb.ca
Notes:
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Being bullied at work, characterized by persistent and repeated, offensive, unsafe,
unwanted or intimidating behaviours, and abuse of power and control, results in
significant costs to targets and organizations. Targets report physical, emotional, and
social consequences while organizations report lowered productivity and commitment,
difficulties recruiting and retaining, and increased costs of employee illness and
absenteeism. While personal and organizational costs of bullying are well
documented, targets continue to face challenges finding adequate and appropriate
support for addressing bullying.
Our feminist grounded theory study of 40 Canadian women resulted in a substantive
theory we named managing disruption explaining how women look after their health
following workplace bullying. Support emerged as an important contextual influence
throughout the theory and limited or enhanced women‟s capacity to care for health
and move on.
We focus on support expectations, resources, and outcomes for women bullied at
work. Women sometimes experienced support from unexpected sources and some
sources they expected to be supportive disappointed them. Useful sources of support
included informal help from family, friends, and coworkers and formal help from
workplace, healthcare, and legal professionals. Legislation, policies, and workplace
programs were influential sources of support when present. Support influenced
women‟s outcomes of productivity, commitment, morale, and health. Our findings
illustrate women‟s perceptions of the nature and availability of support as it influenced
health outcomes in workplace bullying. We explore implications of these findings for
working with women bullied at work.
Abstract # 19
Taylor
Title: THEORETICAL TRIANGULATION: DESIGNING RESEARCH TO
UNDERSTAND AND EMPOWER WOMEN WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED
VIOLENCE
Petrea Taylor, RN, BN, MN PhD Student- Interdisciplinary Studies
Phone: (506) 962-4690
Email: q7yt@unb.ca
Notes:
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How women who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) receive help for
suicidal behaviour within psychiatric units is the area of study for my proposed
research. Oppressed on intersecting levels for being female, having experienced IPV,
being institutionalized, and having a mental illness, these women often receive
neglectful and unethical treatment within acute care facilities. Understanding their
experiences is an area of study requiring a research design capable of uncovering
power imbalances by capturing the complexities of the greater social-political
structures that influence their treatment within psychiatric units. This area of study is
also complex and multi-dimensional; therefore, integrating ideology from different
theories will help to meet the epistemological, methodological, and ethical needs of
the research.
Theoretical triangulation using feminism, grounded theory, and critical praxis
(Kushner & Morrow, 2003) is an integrated research design that will address my
proposed research goals to empower women who have experienced IPV and to
understand how they receive help in a psychiatric unit. Feminism and grounded theory
work well together because they both focus on how the person derives meaning from
their interaction with others and promotes equality within the researcher-participant
relationship (Plummer & Young, 2010). Furthermore, feminism and grounded theory
not only yield an understanding of women‟s experiences, but also a critical standpoint
that works to empower them by promoting change. This presentation will explore the
benefits and challenges of using the grounded theory research method within a
feminist framework and how this theoretical „marriage‟ provides opportunities for
critical praxis.
Abstract # 20
O’Donnell
Title: GENDERED EXPERIENCES OF WORKPLACE BULLYING AMONG MEN
Sue O’Donnell, RN, MN, PhD (c)
UNB Interdisciplinary PhD candidate
Phone: (506) 455-8434
Email: p986z@unb.ca
Notes:
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Workplace bullying is a serious workplace health issue that presents negative and
lasting consequences. Bullying affects both men and women and is characterized by
persistent and repeated offensive, unsafe, unwanted, degrading or intimidating
behaviours and the abuse of power or control. Even though gender is increasingly
being recognized as an important determinant of health, thus far gender has not been a
central feature of research on workplace bullying. Further, based on what little
research is available, sex differences are often mistakenly reported as gender
differences. Men may face different challenges than women when they are bullied for
a number of reasons. In addition to biological and psychological differences, gender
norms and gender socialization may influence this process. When experiencing health
problems for example, overall, men are less likely than women to seek help from
health professionals, particularly when suffering from emotional health issues. Men
are also more hesitant to disclose concerns and ask questions and less likely to follow
health care recommendations than women. If and how these realities influence men‟s
experiences of and responses to bullying, a workplace problem that compromises
health and often requires seeking help, is unknown. Using a qualitative grounded
theory method, men from across New Brunswick will be interviewed to talk about
their experiences of bullying. By exploring this problem with men, this research will
provide an understanding the interplay of gender with health and health behaviours in
the context of men‟s experiences of bullying. This presentation will focus on the
design and preliminary findings of this research.
Abstract # 21
Wuest, et al
Title: EXAMINING THE FEASIBILITY AND EFFICACY OF A GROUNDED
THEORY-BASED HEALTH INTERVENTION FOR WOMEN IN THE EARLY
YEARS AFTER LEAVING AN ABUSIVE PARTNER: A PARTNERSHIP
APPROACH
Judith Wuest, BScN, RN, PhD
Honorary Research Professor
UNB Faculty of Nursing - Fredericton
Phone: (506) 458-7666
Email: wuest@unb.ca
Co-Authors: M. Merritt-Gray, M. Hodgins, N. Dubé, J. Majerovich, M. Ford-Gilboe,
C. Varcoe
Knowledge of how to address health problems associated with IPV to reduce long-
term morbidity and mortality is scant. In a grounded theory study, we found that
abuse-related health problems, along with ongoing violence, life changes, and costs of
getting help, were a form of intrusion that interfered with women taking control of
their lives after separation from an abusive partner but that women were able to
strengthen their capacity to limit intrusion. In our longitudinal study of women who
had separated from an abusive partner, women had poorer physical and mental health
than Canadian women in general, evident in high rates of chronic disabling pain,
cardiovascular risk, and symptoms of depression and PTSD. Despite higher health
service use, women experienced little relief of symptoms.
Based on these findings, we conceptualized a theory-based intervention called iHeal
to improve women‟s health and quality of life after leaving by reducing intrusion, and
increasing their capacities to manage intrusion. The 6-month intervention was
designed to be delivered collaboratively by a nurse and domestic violence outreach
worker.
A partnership among academic researchers, Liberty Lane Inc, NB Women‟s Issues
Branch, and NB Department of Health received funding from CIHR and NBHRF to
examine the feasibility and efficacy of nurses delivering the iHEAL in collaboration
with existing NB outreach services for 50 abused women in four communities using a
pretest-posttest-6 month follow-up, repeated measures and a process evaluation. We
will briefly describe how our previous research findings informed the development of
the iHEAL program and our progress to date in our feasibility study. The findings of
our study will expand understanding how the capacity of abused women may be
enhanced through innovative community-based intersectoral approaches to health care
delivery.
Abstract # 22
Tryphonopoulos, Letourneau
Title: PROFESSIONAL INTERACTION GUIDANCE TO IMPROVE
MATERNAL-INFANT RELATIONSHIPS OF DEPRESSED MOTHERS: A
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (RTC)
Penny Tryphonopoulos, RN, BN, PhD (c) Nicole Letourneau, RN, PhD
UNB Interdisciplinary PhD candidate Professor, Canada Research Chair
UNB Faculty of Nursing – Fredericton Project
Director
Faculty of Nursing - University of New Brunswick
Phone: (506) 447-3043
Email: penny.tryph@unb.ca
Background: Mothers and infants in stressful environments, such as those affected by
Postpartum Depression (PPD), are known to have both reduced quality maternal-
infant interactions and elevated cortisol levels. Both elevated cortisol levels and poor
quality maternal-infant interactions associated with PPD negatively affect
developmental outcomes in children and cause decreased resiliency to stressors later
in life (Essex et al., 2002; Gunnar & Donzella, 2002). Maternal depression calls for
immediate intervention for a mother-infant dyad; however, researchers are only
beginning to identify effective methods for enhancing relationship quality between
depressed mothers and their infants (van Doesum, Hosman, & Riksen-Walraven,
2005). Maternal depressive symptoms may be improved via parental training
interventions that promote sensitive and responsive maternal-infant interactions. The
effect that these interventions may have on cortisol levels in mothers and their infants
also requires investigation, especially given that cortisol is often used as an outcome
measure in intervention studies that address compromised caregiving environments.
Purpose: This study seeks to disentangle the observed relationships between PPD,
maternal-infant interaction quality and cortisol levels while also testing the efficacy of
a professional interaction guidance intervention designed to improve the relationships
of these dyads.
Methods: This RCT will utilize both qualitative and quantitative methods to evaluate
the intervention. Intervention mothers will receive video-feedback interaction
guidance from the Primary Investigator, an RN.
Program Implications: This research is poised to fill critical gaps in understanding
the reciprocal relationship between parenting quality, maternal mood, and stress. The
proposed presentation will describe the study background, methods, and preliminary
findings.
Abstract # 23
Aldous
Title: PARENTS’ EXPERIENCES OF FEEDING A CHILD WHO HAS DEVELOPED
OVERWEIGHT
Sarah Aldous, RN, BN
MN Student – Fredericton
Senior Program Advisor
Office of the Chief Medical Officer of Health
Department of Health, NB
Phone : (506) 849-7323
Email: sarah.aldous@gnb.ca
Notes :
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Over the past 25 years there has been a threefold rise in childhood obesity rates in
Canada. Parent perspectives about the development of weight problems in children
have been under researched. This study used a Narrative Methodology framework to
elicit the stories, opinions and experiences of six parents who were asked to recall the
feeding experiences of their, now overweight or obese, child.
Overarching concepts during the analysis of tape-recorded interviews included stigma,
struggles to feed and maternal isolation in the feeding experience. Five collective
areas of experience emerged as issues of association, instruction, dimension, provision
and perception. Association included relationships, instruction involved ways in
which mothers were informed about feeding and dimension incorporated a child‟s size
or age, or time scales. Provision encompassed ways mothers fed their children and
perception comprised participants‟ feelings, experiences and beliefs about feeding
their children.
Data emerged as poetry and was used to enhance participant expression and impact
the reader. From the data obtained from these interviews and poems, new knowledge
has been acquired pertaining to parents‟ experiences of feeding. Health professionals
may be able to apply this information to the prevention or family management of child
overweight and obesity in order to empower and educate new parents. The study may
also contribute to policy decisions regarding early nutrition and child development
programmes. These are particularly relevant for parents of high risk babies whose
parents have a history of obesity or for parents whose ability to provide a healthy
nutritious diet during infancy is compromised.
Abstract # 24
Tryphonopoulos, Letourneau
Title: IDENTIFYING THE SUPPORT NEEDS OF FATHERS AFFECTED BY
POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION
Penny Tryphonopoulos, RN, PhD (c) Nicole Letourneau, RN, PhD
UNB Interdisciplinary PhD candidate Professor, Canada Research Chair
UNB Faculty of Nursing – Fredericton
Project Director
Faculty of Nursing, University of New Brunswick
Phone: (506) 447-3043
Email: penny.tryph@unb.ca
Notes:
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Maternal postpartum depression (PPD) has been extensively studied in the last
decade; however, much less is known about the impact of PPD on fathers. Up to 50%
of partners of women with PPD also have depressive symptoms. Co-morbidity has
been found to have an additive effect on child development, putting children with two
depressed parents at significantly greater risk for poor developmental outcomes
compared to those with one affected parent. Like mothers, the emotional well-being
of fathers has been shown to have an impact on the father-infant interaction and may
result in long-term behavioural problems in children. Unfortunately, researchers have
paid limited attention to supporting fathers as they cope with depression in their
partner or in combination with their own paternal depression. This is a serious
knowledge gap considering fathers have been clearly shown to be the most significant
source of support for new mothers suffering from PPD. Though fathers are a natural
source of support for many women, fathers‟ depressive symptoms are likely to
decrease their ability to provide maternal support. The objective of this study was (1)
to describe the experiences, support needs, resources, barriers and preferences for
support of fathers whose partners have had PPD and, (2) to develop a support
intervention for fathers affected by postpartum depression. Qualitative methods and
community-based research approaches were used in this Canada-wide
exploratory/descriptive study. Telephone interviews were conducted with a total of 36
fathers. The proposed presentation will describe the study‟s methods, analyses, results,
and plans for future research.
Abstract # 25
Herbert
Title: LESSONS LEARNED FROM A RCT TO HELP PARENTS MAKE THEIR
HOMES SMOKE-FREE
Rosemary Herbert, RN, PhD
Associate Professor
University of Prince Edward Island – School of Nursing
Phone: (902) 566-0788
Email: rherbert@upei.ca
Notes:
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Rationale: One in twenty Canadian children aged 0-11 years are exposed to
environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the home. The objective of this randomized
controlled trial was to test if parents‟ participation in an intervention based on an
empowerment ideology and participatory experiences decreased the number of
cigarettes smoked in homes where children ≤ 5 years resided.
Methods: Sixty families were randomized to the intervention (n=30) or control
(n=30) groups. The intervention included three weekly group sessions followed by
three weekly follow-up telephone calls over six consecutive weeks. Parents shared
experiences about ETS, identified personal strengths and resources, and developed
action plans. Data were collected in interviewer-administered questionnaires at
baseline and six months follow-up.
Results: Ninety-three percent of the sample consisted of mothers, 77% of whom
smoked during pregnancy. Forty-two percent of the total sample reported a household
income of <$15,000. The median number of cigarettes smoked in the home daily
decreased from 18 to 4 in the total sample however no statistically significant
difference was detected between groups at six months follow-up.
Conclusions: Participation in the study, independent of group, may have resulted in
parents decreasing the number of cigarettes smoked in the home. Valuable lessons
were learned about recruiting and working with this group of parents, all of whom
faced challenges associated with tobacco, and almost half of whom lived in poverty.
Sources of funding: Canadian Tobacco Control Research Initiative, Canadian Nurses
Respiratory Society, Canadian Nurses Foundation Nursing Care Partnership, PEI
Lung Association, PEI Cancer Control.
Abstract # 26
Bulman, Mathews, Parsons
Title: A CRITICAL PERSPECTIVE ON HIV SCREENING DURING PREGNANCY:
DOES AN OPT-OUT POLICY BENEFIT PREGNANT WOMEN?
Donna Bulman, BN, PhD
Assistant Professor
UNB Faculty of Nursing - Fredericton
Maria Mathews, BSc, BA, MHSA, PhD – Assistant Professor, Memorial University
Karen Parsons, BN, MN, PhD – Associate Professor, Memorial University
Phone: (506) 458-7636
Email: dbulman@unb.ca
Notes:
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Objective
The presenter will outline the difference between opt-out and opt-in policies in
maternal HIV/AIDS screening. Findings from a recent study will be presented. The
purpose of the study was to obtain an increased understanding of the information
women receive about HIV/AIDS during pre-natal screening.
Methodology
This is an exploratory qualitative research study that was carried out in
Newfoundland and Labrador between 2007 and 2008. There were eleven
participants in the study. Semi-structured interviews were carried out and women
were asked to reflect upon their experiences of maternal HIV/AIDS screening. A
thematic analysis occurred and the data was interpreted using a human rights and
policy-related lens.
Findings
Four key themes were present in the data. They were that misconceptions about the
purpose of maternal HIV screening are present, that misunderstandings exist about
the right to refuse screening that physicians used paternalistic decision making in
their approach to pre-natal HIV screening, and that women struggled with juggling
the responsibility for their own health and that of their unborn child.
Conclusion
The guidelines for maternal opt-out screening developed by the Society of
Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada are not consistently followed in
Newfoundland and Labrador. This may represent a missed opportunity for women
to develop new understandings about HIV prevention and to make informed choices
about their health care.
Abstract # 27
MacIntosh, Jones
Poster
Title: WORKPLACE BULLYING IN A COMMUNITY SAMPLE OF WOMEN
EXPERIENCING PARTNER ABUSE
Judith MacIntosh, BN, MSc (A), PhD Serna Jones, RN, BN
Professor, Assistant Dean Research & Faculty Development MN Student - UNB
UNB Faculty of Nursing – Fredericton
Phone: (506) 458-7638
Email: macintsh@unb.ca
Notes:
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The Women‟s Health Effects Study is a longitudinal investigation of a community
sample of 309 women from three Canadian provinces. We used interviews to collect
data annually for five years in order to describe changes in women‟s health and
resources after leaving an abusive partner, to explore interrelationships between past
and ongoing violence and access to resources, and to estimate economic costs
associated with women‟s efforts to manage. We used standardized self-report
measures, survey questions, and bio-physical measures. In Waves 2, 3, and 4 of data
collection, we explored experiences of these women with workplace bullying.
Initial analysis shows that over three-quarters of women studied reported experiencing
workplace bullying, largely psychological abuse. Most women reported feeling „a
moderate amount‟ to „a lot‟ of distress and harmful effects on their health, friendships,
work, interactions with people at work, and feelings about themselves. Many women
reported that being bullied affected economic situations, what kinds of jobs they
would consider, and their search for work.
We discuss our preliminary analysis about workplace bullying and its impact on the
lives of women who had experienced partner abuse. We also discuss implications for
working with women who have had these two types of abuse experiences.
Abstract # 28
MacDonald, Gibson
Poster
Title: PARENTING CHILDREN REQUIRING COMPLEX CARE AT
HOME: RE-VISITING NORMALISATION AND STIGMA
Heather MacDonald, RN, PhD Cheryl Gibson, RN, PhD
Professor, BN Program Director Retired Dean
UNB Faculty of Nursing – Fredericton UNB Faculty of Nursing – Fredericton
Phone: (506) 458-7644
Email: heatherm@unb.ca gibs@unb.ca
Notes:
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The objective of this study is to increase our understanding about the impact of stigma
and normalization on parents of children who require complex care. This paper
focuses on normalization and stigma, two phenomenon that were extracted from the
findings of an ethnographic study that explored parents‟, nurses‟, and social workers‟
beliefs and experiences with respite services. In depth interviews and participant
observation were conducted with 47 participants that included 19 mothers, 4 fathers,
and 7 grandparents of children who required complex care and, 13 nurses and 4 social
workers. Issues of normalization and stigma emerged from the data. Unlike parents of
children with various chronic illnesses, these parents were not able to use
normalization as described in the literature. Parents of children requiring complex care
described normalization as keeping up appearances and as escaping. Normalization,
to them, was about counter-acting stigma. The findings of this study have important
implications for practice. Rather than encouraging parents to use normalization as
defined in the literature, clinicians should seek ways in which the parents see
themselves as normal. In this study one of the ways for parents to achieve feelings of
normalcy was to escape from their care giving role for a period of respite.
Abstract # 29
Wilkins, Woodgate
Poster
Title: A MIXED METHOD STUDY OF SECOND CANCER RISK AMONG
CANCER SURVIVORS
Krista Lynn Wilkins, RN, PhD Roberta Woodgate, RN, PhD
Assistant Professor Associate Professor
UNB Faculty of Nursing – Fredericton University of Manitoba
Phone: (506) 447-3077
Email: kwilkins@unb.ca
Notes:
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Background: Recent research shows that cancer survivors are at greater risk of
developing cancer than the general population. Knowledge of the magnitude of second
cancer risk among cancer survivors, and factors influencing that risk is urgently
needed to improve the health of cancer survivors.
Purpose: An exploratory mixed method study was conducted to provide a detailed
understanding of second cancer risks among cancer survivors.
Methods: Data collection methods included: (1) qualitative survey of current follow-
up cancer care practices, (2) population-based health databases (cancer registry and
health insurance databases), and (3) qualitative interviews on how cancer survivors
interpret and manage second cancer risk.
Findings: Coordinated follow-up cancer services are not universally available across
Canada. Yet, cancer survivors have a 4-7-fold increased risk of developing cancer
compared to the general population in Nova Scotia and Manitoba, respectively.
Second cancer risk varied by demographic and disease-related factors, such as age at
first cancer diagnosis, cancer type, treatment era, and time since diagnosis. Second
cancer risk does not exist only as an epidemiological calculation. Second cancer risk,
from the perspective of cancer survivors, is shaped by more intuitive conceptual
models than statistical models of risk. The theme, Life after Cancer – Living with
Risk, described survivors‟ sense that second cancer risk is a part of their everyday
lives.
Conclusions: Study results provide foundational knowledge about the nature of
second cancer risk that may be used to develop and refine standards for survivorship
care, including how second cancer risk can be best managed.