Towards a user generated state?

Citizen-government relationsin the web 2.0 era

Valerie Frissen

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headlines

e-society and e-government: the new digital divide?

web 2.0: definition and trends

disruptive impact: changing roles of users

impact for government and the public sector:new roles of citizens: ‘ shaking up’ the public value chain

examples

discussion

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the development of the e-society: growing e-readiness

Europe: 7 out of top 10 are EU countries

Scoring criteria Connectivity and technology infrastructure 20%Business environment 15%Social and cultural environment 15%Legal environment 10%Government policy and vision 15%Consumer and business adoption 25%

rapid increase of e-readiness in emerging markets (SE Asia, Middle East, Africa)

most striking development since 2007:explosive emergence and huge deployment of web 2.0 services

but also: slow take-up of public e-services..

E-readiness rankings 2008:Maintaining momentum

Economist Intelligence Unit

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the new digital divide:government 1.0 vs. society 2.0?

Availability and usage of online services

6,0% 5,6% (EU25) 6,1% (EU25)

72%78%

66%

59%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2002 2003 2004 2005/2006

availability

usage

EU15

Source: IPTS based on Eurostat data

similar pattern in the NL, in spite of high e-readiness (globally leading in connectivity)

innovation in the public sector is slow and problematic (e.g.: implementation of health records)

striking discrepancy compared to high deployment and innovative use of ICT in/by society

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web 2.0 or ‘the social web’

an open web environment

which activates users

in social networks

to produce value

resulting in shifting user-producer relations

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disruptive impact in the private sector

shift in user roles: users moving up the value chain

impact on user/producer relations:

new players, exploiting dynamics of social networks and user contributed value

new business models

‘long tail’ of niche markets

‘crowdsourcing’ strategies

new revenue models

open innovation strategies, e.g ‘perpetual beta’, co-creation

signs of ‘creative destruction’

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new user roles: users moving up the value chain

traditional user roles

new user roles

Source: Slot & Frissen (2007)

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impact on government and the public sector: citizens moving up the ‘public value chain’

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example: law enforcement

Citizen

InformDownload

Read

ListenView

Obtain

Consult

Educate Evaluate

Simulate

Plan

Create Contribute

Act

Organise

alertdude.com

SMS crime alert

Control

http://www.hmcourts-service.gov.uk/

www.free-training.com/

Security services

Fraud and Con Game Prevention

Crime maps

e.g. http://opkansas.org/

www.peacemakergame.com/

Riot mobbing

http://criminal-justice-online.blogspot.com/

http://www.legislationline.org/

Share

Publish

Send

coppersblog.blogspot.com/

second life security

citizens take overenforcement role

informing citizens

consulting citizens cit/gov sharìng responsibilities

Crime prevention podcasts

http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/

streetchampions.org.uk

http://www.stopkindersex.nu

crisissearch.comTwitter (Fires in Calif.)

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examples

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mobilisation / exploiting the long tail

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transparency of political representatives

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transparancy of political representatives

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direct influence on decision

makingthrough

collaborative activism

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making public information accessible

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making public information accessible

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enhancing public information: rating services

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organising the ‘wisdom of the crowds’

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The

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accesibility and accountability of public services

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crowdsourcing: the citizen as detective

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the new civil servant

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new stakeholders

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self-organisation of public services

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citizen ‘inspectors’

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citizens taking over law enforcement

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conclusion

growing impact of social web on government and public sector: however, awareness in public sector is extremely low

opportunities and risks not recognised

current eGov stuck in 1.0 paradigm: however, take-up is low, many failures, while projects are extremely expensive

risk of a new digital divide, loss of trust in gov, marginalisation of key gov/democratic functions

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valerie.frissen@tno.nlthanks to: Noor Huijboom en Bas Kotterink

the future is NOW!

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research

1. ‘Towards a user generated state?’

study commissioned by Dutch Ministry of Internal Affairstheoretical and empirical exploration of ‘government 2.0’4 in depth case studies of ‘disruptive impacts’

2. ‘The impact of social computing on public services’ (PS20) (TNO/DTI)

study comissioned by the EC/IPTSextensive review of existing research literature, web sources etcdatabase of +100 casesuser survey, in depth case studies

NB: ongoing research, only preliminary results