Trading in the digital environment doi> DOI and related activities.

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Trading in the digital environment

DOI and related activities

Frankfurt Book Fair 2000

Chair: Jean-Manuel Bourgois(Director General, Magnard Vuibert, Paris)

DOI Forum: Standards for identification

Standards for linking

Standards for product information

Standards for subsidiary rights

Standards for E-Books

9.30 Identification and related issues :DOI

10.30 Linking : CrossRef

- coffee break sponsored by FBF -

11.00 Product Information: ONIX

11.20 Subsidiary Rights: FBF

11.45 E Books : AAP/OEBF/EBX

Trading in the digital environment AGENDA

Norman Paskin, International DOI Foundation

Key issues for us all

• Standards for linking, product information, rights, E- books, …

• …are all the same problem

• Publishers want seamless flow of data:- within the company- with outside parties- for independent access to their content

- interoperable data for e-commerce

1. Resource implications 2. Continuing effort

• Standards must be developed for the long term. – Short term fixes won’t do.

• standards are not simple conventions:• publishing standards are now technical standards

Key issues for us all:

investment

• Must be co-ordinated (consistent)• Must be extensible:

– not hard-wired; able to be built on

• technology: changes – e.g. PC netC P2P …?; E-books; WAP

• multimedia: needed – e.g. music clip and image in E-Book with web update (“media convergence”)

• applications: cannot be known in advance

We cannot set standards for “just us”

“United we stand, divided we fall”

Key issues for us all:

• DOI: the Movie

• DOI update

• Metadata: the Movie

• CrossRef: A DOI application

DOI and related activities AGENDA

Standardstracking

Full implementation

Initial implementation

Single redirection

MetadataW3C, WIPO, NISO, ISO, etc, other initiativesMultiple resolution

A continuing development activity

DOI: development in three tracks

• An extensible infrastructure– a firm basis for building consistent,

reliable, systems• More members, more prefixes, more DOIs

– 40 + IDF members supporting the work– 160 + users– 2 million + DOIs in full implementation

• “but is it real?”

DOI: Review of progress

“If this stuff wasn’t difficult, we wouldn’t be doing it”

• The first actionable, persistent, identifier• “Good cooking takes time”:

– URN (1991 -); DC (1994-); FRBR (1992-98); HDL (1994-); W3C (1994-); IMS (1996-); RosettaNet (1998-)

DOI: Time frame

• October 2000 : it’s happening:

• Full implementation available • Applications are being built

– CrossRef and others

• Commercial deployment: DOI registration agencies – CrossRef and others

• Technology support – Microsoft announcement

• Increased marketing is the next step

• Much detailed development • See “Annual Review 2000”• CD-ROM overview • Handbook on web site

– www.doi.org

ANNUAL REVIEW September 2000

The International DOI Foundation

DOI: Timeline of progress

97 98 99 00

concept

Handbook

Scope, function

Need for metadata

CrossRef

Metadata solution

• CrossRef “CrossRef is the first practical demonstration of why the DOI is important, and how it can be used to improve Web publishing. Though it was implemented by journal publishers…the concept could be applied to other genres…” (Seybold Report, 14 June 2000)

• STM community was the first to take up DOI

DOI: Applications

• E-Books - working with ONIX; OEB; EBX and AAP E-

Books standards activities - community is new, diffuse.

- DOI-EB prototype.

• Microsoft will implement native DOI (Handle) technology in Microsoft E-Book Reader

- Tens of millions of MS readers within 1 year • IDF also working to improve support in web

browsers (plug in)

DOI: Applications (cont.)

• Subsidiary Rights– DOI-R prototype with FBF and others– Rights applications are key; this could be a

start– well-defined, current business practice

• Images – BioImage and others

• Under active discussion:

• Audiovisual materials• Music industry • News sector • Legal information; Patents; “Grey literature”;

cultural artefacts; etc.

• Applications will drive use

DOI: components of an “actionable identifier”

• A number (or “name”)– assign a number to something– (compare: telephone number)

DOI: components

• A description– what the number is assigned to– (compare: directory entry)

DOI: components

• An action – make the number do something – (compare: the telephone

system)

DOI: components

• An action – make the number do something – (compare: the telephone system)

• Policies– how to get a phone number; billing

(compare: social structures)

DOI: components

POLICIES

Syntax 10.1234/5678

NUMBERING

DESCRIPTION

MetadataPieces of data which describe uniquely that which is identified

ResolutionSystem able to link the number to somethinguseful

ACTION

POLICIES

Any form of identifier

NUMBERING

DESCRIPTION

<indecs> framework:DOI can describe any form of intellectual property, at any level of granularity

ACTION

Handle resolution allows a DOI to link to any and multiple piecesof current data

doi>extensible

• DOI metadata is the key to many applications– not just “a pointer”

• interoperable: use with existing identifiers, metadata structures

• practical implementation through ONIX dictionary etc.– extension/collaboration with other areas e.g.

music/video; SMPTE; MARC mappings; etc.

• Technical tools, documentation: – Handbook (July 2000)– More detailed “template” (Oct 2000)

DOI: extensibility via metadata

• multiple resolution • workflow tools • repository tools• public key infrastructure

DOI: extensibility via Resolution

• Digital Object Architecture

} Production

- Services

- Commerce

• Basis for Deployment outlined (end of 1999)– cost recovery

• RA Working Group: initially 3 members/RAsTerms document - now availableLetter of Intent - now available

• CrossRef first RA to sign up• 10-15 other RA candidates discussing with

us• RAs will be part of the Foundation

– governance and close collaboration

Registration Agencies

• does not own or direct– RAs are independent businesses, members of the

Foundation, part of agreed operating federation

• does not compete with existing agencies – (e.g. ISBN): we mandate declaration of ISBN etc.

• does not determine business models– needs to be done by the sector

• does not enforce one single metadata standard– just principles

• neither “privatises” nor “liberates” data– only a minimal kernel (like book title)

• provides community focus and consensus

IDF in relation to Registration Agencies

• “Where do I go?” - Registration agencies, applications - Information pack for RAs, Letter of Intent - Handbook etc on web site

• “What can it do?” - analogy: spreadsheets - increased marketing - more efforts for outreach - workshops - both general and specific areas

Next steps: Marketing

• Easier use of the technology – documentation, tools

• Evolving functionality – More prototypes (DOI-X; DOI-EB, DOI-R)

• Other intellectual property activities: – W3C, WIPO, MPEG-21, cIDF, SMPTE, SFX, etc– Existing identifiers (ISBN, ISSN, etc)– New identifiers (e.g. ISTC; E-books) – common issues for identifiers

• Major theme: interoperability• Continuing development will be necessary

Next steps: other work to be done

• A consistent extensible system – which works now – is interoperable with other standards

• Supported by the publishing industry – publishers, and intermediaries

• Strong support from technology community – Microsoft, Hewlett-Packard, and others

• Not a proprietary solution – owned by the community (anyone can join)– available at cost

DOI: so what have we got?

• UPC/EAN Bar code• single, common tool: many uses • wide community support made it work

A historical parallel

• single, common tool: many uses • wide community support made it work

• DOI is your system • please help us finish the task

Norman Paskin, n.paskin@doi.orgwww.doi.org

Trading in the digital environment doi> DOI and related activities.

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