Tree Biology Final Review

2012

FNH Jeopardy Categories

• Genera

• Temperate Forests

• Why trees live so long

• Bogs

• Form and Function

• Miscellaneous

• Leaves and Things

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Temperate Forests --100

• Once the most common tree throughout eastern North America prior in the introduction of a novel fungus

• What is American Chestnut (Castanea dentata)?

Temperate Forests --200

• This species in the following list is the only one without extrafloral nectaries

– Catalpa speciosa

– Magnolia accuminata

– Populus tremuloides

– Prunus serotina

– Viburnum opulus

• What is Magnolia accuminata?

Temperate Forests --300

• The habitat if the trees around you include Alnus incana, Thuja occidentalis, and Rhus toxicodendron?

• What is a swamp?

Temperate Forests --400

• Adirondack lakes are colored brown because of these molecules from this species

• What are tannins from Tsuga canadensis?

Temperate Forests --500

• Leaves and twigs of this species release cyanide when tissue is macerated

• Whatis Prunus serotina?

Temperate Forests --600

• This genus may go extinct in North America because of a beetle introduced through the shipping industry in Detroit in the mid 1990s.

• What is Fraxinus?

Temperate Forests --700

• This tree species with large globose fruit remained in the south after glaciation because their dispersers went extinct

• What is Maclura pomifera?

Temperate Forests --800

• In our climax forests, these are the four dominate tree species

• What are Tsuga canadensis, Betula alleghaniensis, Fagus grandifolia, and Acer saccharum?

Temperate Forests --900

• This is the vector of pollination for the majority of our forest trees

• What is wind?

Temperate Forests --1000

• This species has the largest fruit of its kind and was likely dispersed with Native Americans after glaciation – (hint: the genus has star-shaped pith, clustered end buds, and lobed leaves)

• What is Quercus macrocarpa?

Genera--100

• Opposite-lobed leaves with samaras

• What is Acer?

Genera--200

• Fast growing trees with weak wood, flattened petioles, and leaves that are round to heart shape.

• What is Populus?

Genera--300

• Common legume of urban plantings

• What is Gleditsia?

Genera--400

• Common wetland small tree with nitrogen fixing bacteria

• What is Alnus?

Genera--500

• Two genera of common forest trees represented here

• What are Betula and Tsuga?

Genera--600

• Deciduous conifer native to Asia

• What is Metasequoia?

Genera--700

• Species rich genus in eastern North America. Note that not all species have lobed leaves

• What is Quercus?

Genera--800

• The bark and fruit tell it all.

• What is Ostrya?

Genera--900

• Shrubs and small trees with variable fruit color.

• What is Cornus?

Genera--1000

• Strong enough a baseball player can’t snap the twigs.

• What is Carya?

Why trees live so long--100

• The angiosperm equivalent of Giant Redwoods in Australia and Tasmania

• What is Eucalyptus?

Why trees live so long--200

• Although this is now regarded as a weedy, invasive tree of New York State, its wood is prized for making high quality bassoons

• What is Norway Maple (Acer plantanoides)?

Why trees live so long--300

• The largest of these plant structures sits at 22 tons in Vancouver, British Columbia

• What is a Burl?

Why trees live so long--400

• This extremely large molecule makes wood very hard and contributes to the organic properties of soil

• What is Lignin?

Why trees live so long--500

• The next item in this series

– Apical meristem. . . Vascular cambium. . .

• What is cork cambium

Why trees live so long--600

• Temperate trees with indeterminate growth with many small vessels in the annual rings are said to have this type of wood

• What is ring porous?

Why trees live so long--700

• These plant molecules inhibit bacterial growth, binds proteins, and deters herbivores

• What are tannins?

Why trees live so long--800

• This thickened region where a branch meets a trunk should not be cut when removing a branch.

• What is the Branch Collar?

Why trees live so long--900

• Tree breeders attempt to eliminated this trait of wood that may improve wood strength and distribution of water to all parts of the canopy

• What is spiral grain?

Why trees live so long--1000

• This species has mastered survival. It is known from 270 million year old fossils and at least six survived the Hiroshima atomic blast

• What is Gingko biloba?

Form and Function--100

• Pinus strobus growing on the hillside will produce this in the trunk.

• What is compression wood.

Form and Function--200

• Species that exhibit heteroblasty will have many forms of this

• What are leaves?

Form and Function--300

• The Root Production Method of growing trees uses this to prune the tap root.

• What is air?

Form and Function--400

• This word means echo free

• What is Anechoic?

Form and Function--500

• In general, plants with a high emission of this light wavelength are regarded as healthy

• What is Infra-red or near Infra-red?

Form and Function--600

• This form of some trees is only symbolic of the direction of wind

• What is a Flag Tree?

Form and Function--700

• Broad-leaved trees of southern forests are said to have this solar-panel-like form

• What is Laminar?

Form and Function--800

• Tropical trees in lowlands are likely to have these at the base of the trunk.

• What is Buttress?

Form and Function--900

• The official name for a root of bald cypress that acts like a snorkel.

• What is a Pneumatophore?

Form and Function--1000

• This war time tool was made from the combination of sapwood and heartwood from yew.

• What is the English Longbow

Leaves and Things--100

• Although most plants have these little windows on only one side, Populus and Alnus have them on two sides

• What are stomata?

Leaves and Things--200

• Plants respond to increases in this gas by decreasing the number of stomata

• What is carbon dioxide?

Leaves and Things--300

• This is a growth response with respect to the location of the sun

• What is heliotropism?

Leaves and Things--400

• Trees of the dry tropical forest do this when most tropical trees don’t

• What is lose their leaves?

Leaves and Things--500

• This accessory pigment is temporally stable and contributes to fall color

• What is a carotenoid?

Leaves and Things--600

• Gaseous plant hormone that initiates leaf abscission and causes fruit like apples to ripen

• What is ethylene?

Leaves and Things--700

• One of two tree genera in our flora that hide their lateral buds in the petiole

• What are Platanus and Rhus?

Leaves and Things--800

• In addition to bloom time, this feature needs to be considered in designing a productive apple orchard

• What S locus genotype or incompatibility genotype?

Leaves and Things--900

• In addition to the apple germplasm collection, the NYSAERS in Geneva is known for this ballistic lab tool

• What is the gene gun?

Leaves and Things--1000

• This determines the growth rate and ultimate size of an apple tree

• What is the Root Stock?