Tutorials And Examples for Beginners to CATIA Version 5pdf.ebook777.com/031/B01HE2TQJ2.pdf ·...

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TutorialsAndExamplesforBeginnerstoCATIA–V5

FirstEdition

SaiNandyala

Authors’Note:Thistextisintendedateducatingaerospace/aeronauticalengineeringandsciencescholars,mechanicalengineeringscholars,designengineers,andthoseinterestedinlearningnewdesigningsoftware.WiththeassistanceofthefacultyofSRMUniversity(India)DepartmentofAerospaceEngineering,thistextwasmade.ThisisasimpleguidetothebeginnersanditconsistsofeightdifferentexperimentstogetexperienceworkingwiththeMechanicalDesignSketcher,PartDesign,AssemblyDesign,andDraftingfeatureoftheCATIAVersion5byDassaultSystems.Eachexperimentinthistexthasitsrespectivefinalresultsandgeneralmeasurementsintermsoffigures.IfanyoriginaldesigningCATIAfilesarerequired,feelfreetosendarequesttonandyalasai4@gmail.com.

Contents:

1. Introduction1. CAD2. CATIA

1. MechanicalDesignSketcher2. PartDesign3. AssemblyDesign4. Drafting

2. 2Dand3DDesignofSimpleStructuralComponents1. 2DObject12. 2DObject23. 3DObject14. 3DObject2

3. 3DimensionalDesignofTypicalWingStructure4. 3DimensionalDesignofLandingGearComponents

1. HeavyFlangeNut2. HeavyHexFlangeScrew3. Piston4. Shaft5. UpperSwayLink6. Strut7. WheelHub8. Wheel

5. LandingGearAssembly6. AircraftAssembly7. 3DimensionalDesignofBlowerComponents

1. Blower2. Cover3. LowerHousing4. Motor5. Shaft6. UpperHousing

8. BlowerAssembly9. DraftingofTypicalAircraft

10.Figures11.References

1. IntroductionCADCADorComputerAidedDesignisanytechnicalsoftwarethatletsauserdesignandmaybeevendraftcertainmodelsonacomputerwithmultipleautomationpre-installedtomakethedesigningmucheasier.Thissoftwarereplacesmanualdraftingwhichusuallytakeshourstodesignamodelandfurtherprocessitformanufacturing.Intheindustrialsector,thistypeofdesignisthenewhypewhereprocessesaremucheasiertomanufacturing.

CATIACATIAisComputerAidedThreeDimensionalInteractiveApplicationwhichwasdevelopedbyaFrenchcompanyDassaultSystemes.Thesoftwareiscommonlyreferredtoas3Dproductlifecyclemanagementsoftwaresuitewhereitsupportsmultipleproductdevelopment,engineering,conceptualizationdesign,andmanufacturingfacilities.Itswidescopereachesvariousmechanicalandaerospaceindustrieswheredesigningfortheirpartsisdonemainlyonthissoftware.Itreplacesmanualdesignanddraftingsavinghoursoftimeanditisveryuserfriendly.

MechanicalDesignSketcher:1. Profile(toolsandicon)

Inthistoolbar,youcancreate2Delementswithsimpleuserinterface.Thetoolsinherecanbeclassifiedaspolyline,rectangle,circle,spline,ellipse,line,dashedline,axis,andpointrespectively.Undertherectanglecommand,circlecommand,splinecommand,ellipsecommand,linecommand,andthepointcommand,therearefurtherclassificationsofeachofthecategorieswhereadesiredoutlinecanbeproduced.Thepolylinecommandletstheuserdrawvariouslinesatvariousspeedswithbreaksgivenbysimpleclicks.Therectanglecommandletstheuserdrawrectanglessuchasanorientedone,parallelogram,elongatedhole,cylindricalelongatedhole,keyholeprofile,hexagon,centredrectangle,andcentredparallelogram.Thecircleoptionhasfurtherclassificationofathreepointcircle,acirclewithcoordinates,tri-tangentcircle,threepointarc,threepointarchwithlimitations,andanarc.TheEllipsecommandhasfurtherclassificationofaparabola,hyperbola,andaconicalellipse.Thelinecommandisfurtherclassifiedintoaninfiniteline,abi-tangentline,abisectingline,andalinenormaltothecurvatureofanycircleorradius.

2.Operation

Intheoperationtoolbar,theuserhasfreedomtomodifyanexistingelementwithtoolssuchaschamfer,fillet,trim,mirror,andprojectionof3Delementsrespectivelyasshowninthediagram.Thetrimandmirroroptionshavefurtherclassificationsthathelptheuseraccessfurtherspecifications.Thetrimoptiongivestheuseranoptionforbreak,erase,closearc,andacomplement.TheMirroroptionisfurthergivenassymmetry,translation,rotation,scaling,andoffsetcommands.Theoperationtoolbarisgenerallyusedtochangethefigurebyremovinganyexcessorsmootheningouttheedgesorsuchapplications.

3. Constraint

Thistoolbarfortheconstraintsgivesustheabilitytochangetheconstraintsdefinedinadialoguebox,simpleconstraints,fixtogethercommand,animatedconstraintscommand,andeditmulti-constraintscommandrespectivelywiththediagram.Thistoolbarismainlyusedtomakethedimensionsforanyfigureandtofixthefiguretotheplanesoitdoesn’tmovewhenmoved.

4. SketchTools

Thesketchtoolsinthesketchtoolbarprovidetheusertochangetheinterfacewiththesoftware.Thetoolbaroffersthecommandssuchasthegridcommand,snaptopoint,construction,geometricconstraints,anddimensionalconstraints.Thegridcommandletstheuserunselectandselectthegridbehindthefigure.Thesnaptopointcommandletstheuserapplythefigurewithaprecisedimensionwithouttheuseofdimensionlines.Theconstructioncommandletstheuserplacehiddenlineswhiledesigningafigureofsomesort.Thisletstheviewerviewthehiddenlinesinaview.Itismainlyusedforconstructionbasedoperationsinthecivilindustry.Thegeometricanddimensionalconstraintsarejustutilizedforhavingageometricalordimensionalaccuracyinthedesign.

5.Workbenches

TheworkbenchesarethetypesofinterfacesavailableintheCATIAsoftware.Thesoftwareallowsvariousfieldsofworkbenchessuchasinfrastructure,mechanicaldesign,shape,analysisandsimulation,AECPlant,machining,digitalmockup,equipmentandsystems,digitalprocessformanufacturing,machiningsimulation,andknowledgeware.Inthisdocument,onlythemechanicaldesignisconsidered.Themechanicaldesignhasfurtherclassificationsofpartdesign,assemblydesign,sketcher,productfunctionaltolerancingandannotation,welddesign,moldtoolingdesign,structuredesign,2Dlayoutfor3Ddesign,drafting,coreandcavitydesign,healingassistant,functionalandmouldedpart.Wearemainlyinterestedinlearningthepartdesign,assemblydesign,anddrafting.

6.View

TheviewtoolbarinCATIAismainlyusedforviewingpurposeswheretheusercanviewtheinterfaceandthedesignmadeontheinterface.Thistoolbaroffersfreedomfortheusertoaccesstheflymode,chooseoptionslikefitallin,rotate,move,zoomin,zoomout,normalview,createmulti-line,isometricview,shadingwithedges,hideorshowfigureorpart,andswayvisiblespace.Thefitallinoptionletstheusertocentrethefiguretotheaxisandthewholefigurecanbeviewed.Themoveandrotateoptionscanmodifytheorientationoftheobject.Thezoomoptionscanzoominandoutontotheinterface.Theisometricviewoptionisfurtherclassifiedintodifferentviewsunderit(back,front,bottom,top,leftside,rightside,etc.).

PartDesign:

1. Sketchbasedfeatures(toolsandicon)

ThesketchbasedfeaturesonthepartdesignofthemechanicaldesignontheCATIAsoftwareismainlyusedtomakefeaturesonamodelorstructure.Thistoolbarconsistsofthecommandssuchaspad,pocket,shaft,groove,hole,rib,slot,solidcombine,multi-sectionsolid,andremovedmulti-sectionsolid.Thepadcommandletstheusertoextendafigurealongathirdaxisandelongateit.Thepocketcommandisusedtocreateacontractionorahole(notnecessarilycircular)throughamodeloranobject.Theshaftcommandletstheusertomakeatwodimensionalobjectrotatealonganaxistomakeathreedimensionalobject,forexample,shaftingarectanglealonganaxiswouldmakeacylinder.Theribandslotcommandsareusedtomakeribsandslotsonthemodel.Themulti-sectionsolidcommandletstheusermakesurfacesorsolidsconnectingtwoplanesortwosectionsorevenmore.

2.Dressupfeatures

Thedressupfeaturestoolbarinthepartdesignofthesoftwareisgenerallyusedtomodifytheobjectoramodelintheinterface.Thistoolbargivesthefreedomfortheusertouseoptionssuchasedgefillet,chamfer,draftangle,shell,thickness,threadortap,andremoveface.Theedgefilletcommandletstheusermakeasmoothcorneroranedgewitharadiusrelatingtoacircle.Thechamfercommandletstheusermakeasmoothlinedcornerwithoutaradius.Theshellcommandletstheusermakealargeportionoftheinnersideofanobjectberemoved.Theotheroptionshavetheirownapplicationsandallareusedformodifyinganobjectoramodelontheinterface.

3. Referenceelements

Thereferenceelementstoolbarisusedtomaintaindifferentelementswhichcanbeusedasreferencewhiledesigninganobject.Theseelementsincludeapoint,aline,andaplane.Thepointwouldbeazerodimensionalreferenceelement.Thelinewouldbeaonedimensionalreferenceelement,andtheplaneisatwodimensionalreferenceelement.Eachreferenceelementwhenselectedisoffsetatadistanceawayfromanotherreference.

4. Sketcher

Thesketchercommandletstheuserselectatwodimensionalplaneorsurfaceofanobjectwheretheusercansketchadesignupon.Thisisveryessentialinordertomakeacomplexstructureinthreedimensions.Tomakearegulartwodimensionalsimplestructurealsorequiresthiscommandinordertochoosetheplane.Theplanesthatcanbechosenincludexyplane,yzplane,andxzplane.

AssemblyDesign:1. ProductStructuretool

Theproductstructuretoolbargivesthetoolswheretheusercanaddorremoveproductsfromtheassemblyinterface.Itconsistsofthecommandssuchascomponent,product,part,existingcomponent,existingcomponentwithpositioning,replacecomponent,graphtreereordering,generatenumbering,selectiveload,managerepresentations,andfastmulti-instantiation.Thesecommandseachhavetheirownpurposeandapplication.Forexampletheexistingcomponentswithpositioningcommandletstheuserloadthefirstpartintotheinterfaceandfixitontheinterfacesothispartcannotbemodifiedormovedtoanotherlocation.Thenfurther,theexistingcomponentscommandisusedtobringintheremainingpartsintotheassemblyinterface.

2.Move

ThemovetoolbarintheassemblydesignofthemechanicaldesignontheCATIAsoftwareisgenerallyusedtomoveandchangetheorientationofthepartsbroughtinontotheinterface.Themovetoolbarconsistsofoptionssuchasmanipulation,snap,explode,andstopmanipulationonclash.Themanipulationcommandletstheusermanipulatetheobjectbymovingitalongthex,yandz,directionsoreventhexy,yz,andxzplanes.Italsogivestheusertheabilitytorotateitalonganyaxispreferredandgiven.Theexplodeoptiongivesthefreedomtoseethedifferentpartsthatwereaddedintheassemblyinanexplodedviewwheretheyarenotattached.

Thestopmanipulationonclasscommandletstheusertofixaconstraintwheretwoobjectsclassandthemanipulationcannotbeaccessedpastthisclash.Thisoptiongivesamorepracticalapproachtotheassembly.

3. Constraints

Theconstraintsoftheassemblydesignareverymuchalikeanyotherconstraintstoolbaronotherworkbenchesofthesoftware.Howeverthisconstrainsoffersdifferentoptionssuchascoincidenceconstraint,contactconstraint,offsetconstraint,angleconstraint,fixcomponent,fixtogether,quickconstraint,flexiblesubassembly,changeconstraint,andreusepattern.Thecoincidenceconstraintletstheusermakeaconstraintofcoincidencealongtwodifferentobjectsbasedonaxis.Thecontactconstraintletstheconstraintoccurbasedonthecontactofthesurfacesoftwobodies.Theoffsetconstraintletstheusermeasurethedistancebetweenthetwoobjectsandfixesthemtogether.Theangleconstraintletstheuserchooseananglebetweenthetwoobjects(generallyonthesurfaces)andfixtheminpositionwitheachotherandthereferenceaxis.Thefixcomponentoptionletstheusertofixthepartontotheassemblyinterface.Thefixtogetheroptionletstheusertofixtwoobjectswithrespecttoeachotherandmakeaconstraintbetweenthem.Thequickconstraintallowsaquickconstraintbetweentwoelementsoftwodifferentobjects.

4.Update

Let’ssaythatonceyouhavetheassemblydoneofaproductbutyouhadtochangeapartoftheproduct.Whenyougotothepartfileoftheobjectandchangeit,itmustbechangedontheassemblyoftheproductaswell.Thiscanbeachievedbyusingtheupdatecommandwhichupdatesthepartandthepartontheassemblydesign.

Drafting:1.Views

TheviewtoolbaronthedraftingworkbenchofthemechanicaldesignontheCATIAsoftwareisquitedifferentfromotherworkbenches.Hereoptionssuchasviews,offsetview,detailedview,clippingview,brokenview,andviewcreationwizardarepresent.Theviewsincludefrontview,unfoldedview,viewsfromthreedimensions,auxiliaryview,isometricview,andadvancedfrontview.Eachoftheseoptionshavetheirownpurposeandapplications.Thedifferentviewsareusedtoselecttheplaneortheperspectiveofanobjectfromapointofview(front,top,back,etc.).

2.Dimensioning

Thedimensioningtoolbarisonewhichismainlyusedformaintainingandcreatingdimensionsanddimensionlinesonthedraftingworksheet.Thistoolbarincludescommandssuchasdimensions,technologicalfeaturedimensions,re-routedimensions,anddatumfeature.Eachofthesecommandshasitsownpurpose.Themaincommandusedwouldbethebasicdimensionsusedtomeasurelengthorvalueofsomething.

3.Annotations

Theannotationstoolbaronthedraftingworkbenchconsistsofcommandssuchastext,roughnesssymbol,andtable.Thetextcommandletstheusertypeinandplacespecifictextontotheinterface.Theroughnesssymbolisasymbolusedtoindicateroughnessontheobject.Thetablecommandletstheusertocreateatablewithspecifiedrowsandcolumnsontothedraftingportfolio.

4.Drawing

Thedrawingtoolbarisatoolbarintheprogramwhichconsistsofcommandssuchasnewsheet,newview,andinstantiateatwodimensionalcomponent.Ithelpstheuserinthecreationofanewsheetoranewview.

5.Dressup

Thedressuptoolbaronthedraftingworkbenchonthesoftwaregivesusfreedomtodrawacentreline,areafillcreation,andarrows.Eachhavetheirownapplicationsandusedwhenappropriate.

6.Geometrycreation

Thegeometrycreationtoolbarofthesoftwareisverysimilartotheprofiletoolbaronthepartdesignworkbench.Heretheonlycommandsthatexistincludepoint,line,circle,andpolylineandsplinecommands.Thepointcommandletstheusertoplaceapointonthesurfaceoftheobject.Thecircleoptionhasfurtherclassificationofathreepointcircle,acirclewithcoordinates,tri-tangentcircle,threepointarc,threepointarchwithlimitations,andanarc.TheEllipsecommandhasfurtherclassificationofaparabola,hyperbola,andaconicalellipse.Thelinecommandisfurtherclassifiedintoaninfiniteline,abi-tangentline,abisectingline,andalinenormaltothecurvatureofanycircleorradius.Thepolylinefeatureprovidestheusertheabilitytocreateapolyline,rectangles,orientedrectangle,parallelogram,elongatedhole,cylindricalelongatedhole,keyholeprofile,hexagon,centredrectangle,andcentredparallelogram.

7.GeometryModification

Mostofthegeometricmodificationtoolbarisentirelybasedonthetoolsavailableinthepartdesign.Heremodificationisclassifiedintothreecategoriesincludingcorner,mirror,andgeometricconstraints.Theuserhasfreedomtomodifyanexistingelementwithtoolssuchaschamfer,fillet,trim,andmirror.Thecurveoptiongivestheuseranoptionforbreak,erase,closearc,createafilletorachamfer,andacomplement.TheMirroroptionisfurthergivenassymmetry,translation,rotation,scaling,andoffsetcommands.Thetoolbarforthegeometric

constraintsgivesustheabilitytochangetheconstraintsdefinedinadialoguebox,simpleconstraints,fixtogethercommand,animatedconstraintscommand,andeditmulti-constraintscommandrespectivelywiththediagram.Thistoolbarismainlyusedtomakethedimensionsforanyfigureandtofixthefiguretotheplanesoitdoesn’tmovewhenmoved.

2.2Dand3DDesignofSimpleStructuralComponents2-DObject1Aim:

Tocreateatwodimensionalfront,top,andsideviewofthegivenobject.

Procedure:

1.Opentheapplicationfromyourdesktop.Thenclickstartandgotomechanicaldesigntoselectpartdesign.Here,thewindowshowsthreedifferentaxes(x,y,andz,respectively).

2.Selectthexyplaneandclickonthesketchbutton.Nowthewindowfallsdowntotheyzplanewhereyouarefreetodrawyourdesign.

3.Nowyoumaybegindrawingyourfrontalviewbyusingtheoptionpolylineundertheprofiletoolbar.Maketheoutlineofthefrontalviewwithoutexactdimensioningwiththisoption

4.Useconstraintscommandtoadjustthedimensionsandmaketheobject’sfrontalviewinthepropermeasurements.

5.Nowmoveontothetopviewwhereconsideringthedistancebetweenthebottomlineofthefrontalviewandthetoplineofthetopviewbearound50.Nowusetherectanglecommandtomaketherectangleof50x90.Thismakesuptheoutershapeofthetopview.Nowmaketheinnerspecifications.Youcanmaketherectangularholeusingtheoptionofelongatedholeundertherectanglecommandintheprofiletoolbar.

6.Useproperdimensioningstrategiesusingconstrainsandfixtheobjectusingthereferenceaxisofxandy.

7.Nowmakethesideviewusingthesameprincipleofpolylineanddimensioning

8.Makesuretheentireobjectishighlightedingreeninordertofixtheobjecttotheview.

9.Takethedistancebetweenthesideviewandthefrontviewtobe50anddrawthehiddenlinesandthecentrelinesasshowninthediagram.

Result:

Thetwodimensionalfront,top,andsideviewsoftheobjectarecompletedaccordingtotheprocedure.

Note:Thisobjectisshownasa3Dmodelunder“Figures”

2-DObject2Aim:

Tocreateatwodimensionalfront,top,andsideviewofthegivenobject.

Procedure:

3.Nowyoucanbeginthefrontalviewofyourdrawing.Startwiththearcusingthecirclecommand.Maketwocirclesofradii50and25respectivelyfromthesamecentre.Nowmaketheentirerectangleof18x210withthebasecentreofthisrectanglekeptatthecentreofthecircle.

4.Useproperdimensioningusingtheconstraintscommandfromthewindow.Makesuretheobjectsareallfixedandhighlightedasgreen.Alsoensurethatyouusethetrimoptionandmakethedesigncorrespondingtothegivensheet.

5.Moveontomakingthetopviewoftheobjectbymakingthecentrerectangleadjacenttothefrontalviewarcwiththesizes100x70.Nowmakethesiderectanglesandusethecirclecommandtomakethetwosideportionsofthetopview.Usethetrimoptiontoremoveanyexcessregions.

6.Usetheconstraintscommandtomakeafixedviewoftheobjectandensurethattheobjectdoesn’tmovearoundifmoved.Finallymaketheinthemiddleofthistopviewofdiameter6tofinishworkingonthisview.Also,don’tforgettoconstraintthisholeandgiveitfixeddimensioning.

7.Nowmoveontothesideviewusingrectanglecommands.Makethegeneralshapeanddimensionitwiththeconstraintsoption.

8.Ensurethatthisviewisalsofixedtotheplanewithrespecttotheaxisandthattheproperdimensionsandconstraintsareused.Nowmakethehiddenlinesandthecentrelineswithdimensioningdonebyconstraintofinishtherequiredassignment.

Result:

Thetwodimensionalfront,top,andsideviewsoftheobjectarecompletedaccordingtotheprocedure.

Note:Thisobjectisshownasa3Dmodelunder“Figures”

3-DObject1Aim:Tomakeathreedimensionaldesignofthegivenobject.

Procedure:1.Opentheapplicationfromyourdesktop.Thenclickstartandgotomechanicaldesigntoselectpartdesign.Here,thewindowshowsthreedifferentaxes(x,y,andz,respectively).

2.Selecttheyzplaneandclickonthesketchbutton.Nowthewindowfallsdowntotheyzplanewhereyouarefreetodrawyourdesign.

3.Clickonthepolylinefeatureontheapplicationandcreateyourbasicfrontalviewofthebottomrectanglewithdimensions20x90.

4.Thendrawwithanotherpolylinethepartitionof10x10asshownonthemeasurementsheet.

5.Usethetrimoptionontheeraseoptiontoremovetheotherpartofthelineattachedtothedesign.Nowyouhavethebasedone.

6.Exitworkbenchandpadthedrawingthatwasjustmadeandpadittoanextentof50units.

7.Clickonthetopportionofthedesignonthexyplaneandclicksketch.Hereyoumaydrawarectangleofdimensions40x50correlatingtotheedgesofthebiggerbaserectangle.

8.Makesurethedimensionsofallthedrawingsarementionedproperlyasthosewouldfixthedrawingstotheplaneindicatedbyagreenhighlightedcolour.Thiscanbedonebyusingtheconstraintcommand.

9.Exittheworkbenchandusetheoptionofreferenceplanetocreateareferenceplane60unitsabovetheyzaxis.

10.Heredrawthetopportionofyourdesignmeasuring20x20.Nowexittheworkbenchagain.

11.Usethecommandofmulti-sectionsolidsandselectthetwodrawingsof20x20and50x40andbringthemtogether.Ifyourdrawingappearstwisted,itbasicallymeansthatthedirectionsoftheclosingpointsarenotcorrelated.Tohavethiscorrelationdone,youneedtoreplacetheclosingpointoneitherdiagramtothecorrectcorrelatedlocation.Thiscanbedonebyrightclickingthesketchonthemulti-sectionssolidwindowandchoosingtheoptionofreplacingtheclosingpoint.

12.Nowmaketheelongatedholediagramontheothersideofthediagram.Choosetherightmeasurementsandensurethatallthedimensionsareunderconstraint.Afterdrawing

theelongatedhole,exittheworkbench.

13.Youmaynoticethatthisdiagramyoujustdrewonthesurfaceoftherectangularsolidishighlightedinorange.Choosetheoptionofpocketandmakeaholethroughtheelongatedholediagram

14.Yourdiagramisnowfinishedandreadyforfurtherapplications.

Result:Thethreedimensionaldesignofthegivenobjectisdoneaccordingtotheprocedure.

3-DObject2Aim:Tomakeathreedimensionaldesignofthegivenobject.

3.Startthedesignbydrawingthetwocirclesof25and50radiirespectively.Useapolylinetolimittheirlengthsandtoconnectthem.Useconstrainttofixthemtothelocationandtheplane.

4.Exittheworkbenchandpadthefigureto70mm.Nowclickonthexyplaneandgetontosketch.

6.Nowdesignthetwootherpartofthedesignwhereyoumakearectangleof50x30.Itwouldbebetterifyoutakethe30as40where10unitswillbeprojectedintotheoriginaldesign.Theremaining30unitswouldmakeupyourdesign.Hereyouneedtoconstraintitwithrespecttotheaxisandtheoriginalradiidesign.

7.Usethecircleoptiontomaketheoutercircleofradius25andaninnercircleofdiameter16onthecentreoftheouterlineoftherectangle.Thentrimorerasetheexcessline.

8.Youcansavetimeinthisprocessbymirroringtheimageontotheothersideoftheaxisbythemirroroption.Thisensuresyouthatyouneednotredothebasicfigureontheothersideofthediagramandsavesalotoftime.Exittheworkbenchandpadthetwosidesofthedesignby18units.

10.It’stimetodrilltheholeontopofthediagramandthiscanbedonebyusingtheholecommandfoundinthesoftware.Afteryouchoosetheholecommand,itissuggestedthatyouclickonthelocationofthedesiredfigureontheproduct.Thiscanbedonebyclickinganywhereonthetopviewoftheproductoverthetoppartofthearcoftheproduct.Now,choosetheoptiontopositiontheholewithrespecttotheplanethatcanbefoundintheholecommandwindow.Positiontheholewiththecorrectdimensionstothecentreofthegraphortheproductandthenrilltheholewiththegivendiameter.

Result:Thethreedimensionaldesignofthegivenobjectisdoneaccordingtotheprocedure.

3.3DimensionalDesignofTypicalWingStructure

Aim:Tomakeathreedimensionaldesignofthewingofanaircraft.

3.Importthespecificfileoftheaerofoilfromthegivenworddocumentwhichcontainsapre-programmedmeasurementsanddimensionsinstalledinit.Afterimporting,youhavethecrosssectionalviewofthewingorcommonlyknownastheaerofoil.

4.Youneedtousethisdiagramtodrawyourfurtherelementsoftheaerofoil(thecirclesandrectanglesasshowninthedesignsheet).Ensurethatproperdimensioningisgivenontheseelementsoftwodimensionsbyusingconstraints.

5.Exittheworkbenchandselectthereferenceplaneoption.Addareferenceplane100unitsawayfromtheoriginalreferenceplane.Nowgobacktothefirstplaneandcopythetwodimensionalfigureontothesecondplanethatyoujustreferenced100unitsaway.

6.Similarlymake6otherplanes100unitsawayfromeachotherandensurethatthefigureiscopiedontothethirdandthefourthplanealone.Ensurethatthetotalplaneswiththefigurewouldonlybethefirstfourplanes.

7.Nowcopythesamefigureontothefifthplanebuthere,youneedtoadditionallychangethescalingoftheplane.Youcandothatbyusingthescaleoptionfromtheoperationtoolbar.Hereyoucanselectthescalingofthemodel.Youneedtodecreasethesizeoftheaerofoilfromthisplaneonwards,soselectthescalingtobe0.9timestheoriginalsize.

8.Exittheworkbenchanddoasimilarscalingforthesixthplaneat0.8factorofscaling.

9.Exittheworkbenchanddoasimilarscalingfortheseventhplaneat0.7factorofscaling

10.Exittheworkbenchanddoasimilarscalingfortheeighthplaneat0.6factorofscaling

11.Exittheworkbenchandnowitistimeforpaddingoftheaerofoils.Selectthepadcommandfromthesketchbasedfeaturestoolbarinthewindowandpadtheaerofoilonthefirstplanewithadepthof5units.Padthesecondplane’saerofoilwiththesamewidth.Similarlycontinuepaddingall8oftheplanes.

12.Itisnowtimetomakeawingtipinordertodecreasethevorticesoftheflow.Thiscanbedonebyusinganotherreferenceplanefromtheeighthplanebya100units.Herecopythesameaerofoilstructureandscaleitdownto0.2ofthescalingfactor.Alsopadthisaerofoilalsoby5unitsofwidth.

13.Itisnowtimetomaketheironframestructurebetweentheaerofoilsintheframe.This

canbedonebyusingthemulti-sectionssolidcommandfromthesketchbasedfeaturestoolbarandtheprojectionof3Delementscommandfromtheoperationstoolbarinthetwodimensionalviewofthesketch.

14.Youneedtousethisprojectionofthreedimensionalelementscommandtoaddareferenceelementineachofthesketch.Startwiththeplane9withtheaerofoilofscaling0.2andmoveuptheplaneuntilplane5.Thishastobeachievedbyonlyusingtherectangularelementsoftheaerofoilcrosssectionalviews.

15.Afteralltheelementshavebeenprojectedfromplane9toplane4ofboththerectanglesineachplane;youneedtousethemulti-sectionssolidcommandfromthesketchbasedfeaturestoolbartomaketheframebetweenthosewhitehighlightedelementsthathavebeentheoutputofthepreviousstep.

16.Nowyouneedtodoasimilarprocedureofprojectingtherectanglesofplane4andplane1aloneandconnecttheframesofplanefourtoplane1usingthemulti-sectionssolidcommandfromthesketchbasedfeaturestoolbar.Afterthisprocedure,youmayhavethebasicframeworkofanaircraftwingdoneanditisnowthetimeforthesurfacecreation.

17.Usethesamecommandofprojectionof3Delementscommandfromtheoperationstoolbarinthewindowandselecttheaerofoilsplanes(justtheouterstructure)ofeveryplaneandforboththetopandthebottomsectionsoftheaerofoilsineveryplane.Nowusethecommandofmulti-sectionssurfacecommandtomakeasurfacebetweeneveryaerofoilineveryplane.Ensurethatthissurfaceisdonebothonthetopandthebottomsideofthewing.Nowyourwingoftheaircraftisfinished.

Result:Thethreedimensionaldesignofthewingofanaircraftiscompletedwithrespecttotheproceduregiven.

4.3DimensionalDesignofLandingGearComponentsThelandinggearofanaircraftcanbeachievedbydesigningthefollowingcomponents:

a.HeavyFlangeNutb.HeavyHexFlangeScrewc.LowerSwayLinkd.Pistone.Shaftf.UpperSwayLinkg.Struth.WheelHubi.Wheel

HeavyFlangeNutAim:

Tomaketheheavyflangenutfortheassemblyofthelandinggear

Procedure:

1Opentheapplicationfromyourdesktop.Thenclickstartandgotomechanicaldesigntoselectpartdesign.Here,thewindowshowsthreedifferentaxes(x,y,andz,respectively).

3.Makethegeneralshapeofapentagonwithequalsidelengthsusinglinesandcirclesonthesketchplaneofxy.

4.Exittheworkbenchandpadthepentagonto16units.Nowfromonesideofthepentagon,makeasketchonthesurface(eithertoporbottomofthepentagon)ofacircleofdiameter21.

5.Nowyouneedtopadthiscircleoutthepentagonalprismtoadepthofabout4units.

6.Itistimetochamfertheroughsurfacesonthecylinder’stwoends(theoneattachedtotheprismandtheotherend).Thechamfercommandletsyouselectthisprocessandchamferitataradiusofabout1.08units.

7.Nowdrillaholeofdiameter14andadepthofabout18.54units.

Result:

Theheavyflangenutismadeandsentforassembly.

HeavyHexFlangeScrewAim:

Tomaketheheavyhexflangescrewfortheassemblyofthelandinggear

Procedure:

3.Makethegeneralshapeofapentagonwithequalsidelengthsusinglinesandcirclesonthesketchplaneofxy.

4.Exittheworkbenchandpadthepentagonto16units.Nowfromonesideofthepentagon,makeasketchonthesurface(eithertoporbottomofthepentagon)ofacircleofdiameter21.

5.Nowyouneedtopadthiscircleoutthepentagonalprismtoadepthofabout4units.

6.Itistimetochamfertheroughsurfacesonthecylinder’stwoends(theoneattachedtotheprismandtheotherend).Thechamfercommandletsyouselectthisprocessandchamferitataradiusofabout1.08units.

7.Nowit’stimetoprojectthescrewsectionofthehexflangeandthiscanbedonebyprojectingatwodimensionalcircleonthebottomofthescrewheadwithadiameterof14units.

8.Padthissectionoutwardsfromthescrewheadtoabouta100units.

9.Usetheedgefilletcommandtochamferalengthof1.1unitsonthebottomofthescrewsectionatanangleof45degrees.

10.Theheavyhexflangescrewisnowcompleted

Result:

Theheavyhexflangescrewismadeandsentforassembly.

LowerSwayLinkAim:

Tomakethelowerswaylinkfortheassemblyofthelandinggear

Procedure:

3.Makethebasicoutlineofthestructureusingthepolylinecommandanduseproperdimensioningusingconstraints.Makesuretheentiredesignishighlightedingreeninordertoensurethatthediagramisfixedtotheplane.Thesamplediagramisshownbelow.

4.Exittheworkbenchandpadthedesigntoadepthof25unitsontotheaxis.Nowtakethesideviewsandmakeasemi-circleofradius12.5unitsonallthreeendsofthelowerswaylink.Makesurethattheremainingportionofthedesignsaretrimmedoffandconstraintthesemi-circletoanappropriatedimension.Ensurethatthethreesemi-circlesarefixed.

5.Now,padthefrontalcircletoadepthof20unitstocorrespondingtothebasicdesignshowninthediagram.

6.Padtheothertwosemi-circlesaswelltoadepthof15ontheleftsideedgesofthediagram.Ensurethatthepaddingisproperlydone.Afterthisstep,youwillhaveyourstructureofthelowerswaylinkalmostcompleted.

7.Tofinishit,itistimefordrillingoftheholeswheretheheavyhexflangescrewswillbepositionedin.Theseholesmustbeofadiameterof15unitsandshouldbepositionedcorrespondingtothethreesemi-circularpaddings.

8.Thelowerswaylinkisnowcompleted.

Result:

Thelowerswaylinkismadeandsentforassembly.

PistonAim:

Tomakethepistonfortheassemblyofthelandinggear

Procedure:

3.Thispistonisaverysimpleonetomake.Beginbymakingacircleofdiameter70ontheplane.Ensurethattheproperconstraintsarefollowedbydimensioningthefigure.Alsoensurethatthediagramisfixedandishighlightedgreen.

4.Exittheworkbenchandpadthiscircletoadepthof14.5unitsmakingacylinder.Afterthis,itistimetoprojectthescrewsectionofthepiston.

5.Thissecondsectioncanbedonebyfirstchoosingabasesectionofthecylinderandselectingtheoptionofsketchonthisbase.Then,makeacircleofdiameterof45units.Exittheworkbenchandpadthiscircletoadistanceof365unitsonthethreedimensionalviewofthepart.

6.Nowyouhaveyourpistonreadyandsentforassembly.

Result:

Thepistonismadeandsentforassembly.

ShaftAim:

Tomaketheshaftfortheassemblyofthelandinggear

Procedure:

3.Startbymakingacircleofdiameterof40unitsontheplaneandensurethatthedimensioningisdoneandthatthefigureishighlightedgreen.

4.Padthiscircleontothethreedimensionalwindowby333.85units.Then,makeareferenceplanefromthebasecircleplaneupby10.92units.Onthisnewplane,makeacircleofdiameter12.41units.

5.Similarlymakeanotherreferenceplaneandcreateanothercircleontheotherendoftheshaftandensurethatproperdimensioningisdoneandthattheconstraintsareset.

6.Usetheoptionofmulti-sectionssolidunderthesketchbasedfeaturestoolbartocombinethebasecircleof40unitsandthatsmallercirclethatisofdiameter12.41unitsand10.92unitsawayfromboththecirclesofthetopandthebottomoftheshaft.This

optionfurtherconnectsthethreeplanesandthenextstepcanbereached.

7.Nowuseanedgefilletcommandtosmoothenouttheedgeonthesmallercirclesbyaradiusof10unitfillet.Nowtheshaftisdoneandreadyforassembly.

Result:

Theshaftismadeandsentforassembly.

StrutAim:

Tomakethestrutfortheassemblyofthelandinggear

Procedure:

3.Startbymakingacircleofdiameterof100unitsontheplaneandensurethatthedimensioningisdoneandthatthefigureishighlightedgreen.

4.Thenpadthiscircletoalengthof30unitsontothethirdaxis.Nowfromthebottomsideofthiscylindersketchacircleofdiameter90unitsusingthesketchsurfacecommand.Makesurethiscircleisalsoconstraintandpadthisoutwardby50units.

5.Fromthebottomofthecylinderwiththelengthof50unitsdepth,sketchacircleonthesurfacewithdiameterof80unitsandpadthisoutwardontotheotheraxisatalengthof320units.

6.Nowfromthetopofthecylinderdrawtheupperportionofthestrutusingpolylineandcirclecommandslikethefigureshown.Ensurethatthisisdonefromthemiddleaxisofthecylinder.

7.Ensurethattheproperconstraintsareusedanddimensionedinawaywherealltheelementsofthisdesignarefixedwithrespecttothereferenceaxis.Afterthisdesignisdone,itisneededtopadthisfigureusingamirroredoptionof15unitsoneithersideofthefigure.

8.Nowdrillaholeofdiameter20unitsandadepthinsuchawaythatitgoesthroughthefiguredpadding.Thisholemusthaveitscentreoffsetof0unitsfromthecentreofthebiggercircleofradius20unitsasshowninthefigure.

9.Nowmakethetwopartsinthemiddleofthestrutwhereeachpartisdisplacedby15unitsoneitherside.Ensurethatthesetwopartsareproperlydimensionedandproperlyplanedaccordingtothereferenceplane.Thereferenceplaneshouldbetakentofinishthissectionwiththeunitsof15oneithersideoftheaxis.Afterthedesignhasbeendoneononeofthesectionsandtheproperpaddingisgivenwiththelengthof15units,youmayusethemirroroptionacrosstheaxistomakeasimilarsectionontheothersideofthedisplaced30unitsawayfromthisfirstsection.

10.Afterthemiddlesectionisdone,drillaholeofdiameter30unitswithitscentreoffsetatadistanceof0unitsfromthecentreofthe25unitradiuscirclewhichisoverthedrilledhole.Dothisholeonbothsectionsthatweremadeinthepreviousstep.Here,theupperswaylinkpartisfixedduringtheassembly.

11.Itisnowneededtomakethebottomsidesectionsofthestrutasshownbelow

Here,youneedtoensurethatproperdimensioningisdoneinsuchawaythatconstrainsfixtheobjecttothefigureandhighlightthepartingreenasshown(partially).Nowyouneedtomirrorthistotheothersideofthestrutbyusingthemirroroption.

12.Afterthemirroringisdone,itisneededtopadthisfigureatalengthof10unitsonbothofthesidesusingmirroredextentoption.Ensurethattheholeisalsodrilledwitharadiusof7.5units.Alsoensurethatyouleavesomegapintothestrutsothatroughedgescannotbeaproblemintheassembly.

13.Nowfromthebottomoftheentirestrut,drillaholeofdiameterof70unitsatadepthof380unitsinlength.Nextfromthesamebottomofthestrutmakeacircleofdiameterof80unitsandmakesureyoupadinsuchawaythatitclosesthedrilledholeofdiameter70unitsthroughthestrutatalengthof5units.Nowfromthesurfaceofthiscylinderwhichenclosesthedrilledhole,youneedtodrillanotherholeofdiameter45unitswiththecentreofthisholecorrespondingtothecentreofthestrut.

14.Thisfinishesthestrutandissentforassembly.

Result:

Thestrutismadeandsentforassembly.

UpperSwayLinkAim:

Tomaketheupperswaylinkfortheassemblyofthelandinggear

Procedure:

3.Beginbyusingthepolylinefeaturecommandtomakethegeneralshapeoftheupperswaylink,andthenmaketheinnersectionwiththeradiusof11unitsinthecornersusingthecommandofedgefilletfoundinthewindow.Ensurethatalltheparallellawsarefollowedandexcesselementsarecutortrimmedofffromthefigure.Ensurethatthedimensioningisdonebyusingtheconstraintoptionfoundinthewindowandthatalltheelementsofthefigurearefixedwithrespecttothereferenceaxisandarehighlightedingreen.

4.Padthefigureinawaythatthethicknessmeasures25unitsanddothisbythepadoptionfoundinthethreedimensionalviewofthedesigningwindow.Toreachthisview,exittheworkbenchoftwodimensionalsketchview.

5.Usetheoptionofedgefilletonalltherectangularblocks(4ofthem)whereonlytheupperandtheloweredgesarefilletedasshowninthediagramwithacircleofradius12.5units.

6.Nowdrilltheholesoneachofthesemi-circularsectionsofthepartwithadiameterof15units.Allthefoursectionsmusthavethisholedrilledwiththecentreoftheholecorrespondingtothecentreofthesemi-circle.

7.Nowtheupperswaylinkisreadyfortheassemblyprocess.

Result:

Theupperswaylinkismadeandsentforassembly.

WheelHubAim:

Tomakethewheelhubfortheassemblyofthelandinggear

Procedure:

3.Startfirstbymakingacircleofdiameter80unitsandpaddingthisoutwiththepadcommandoflength60units.Ensurethatbeforepadding,thiscircleisproperlypositionedanddimensionedaccordingtothereferenceaxisofxandyinordertostayfixedinposition.

4.Fromthecentreplaneofthiscylinderandfromthebottomofthecylinderbyadistanceof40units,drawacircleofdiameter40unitsandabiggercircleofdiameter55units.Afterthetwocirclesaredone,padthisfigureusingthepadcommandandensurethatthemirroredextentoptionischeckedandpaditatalengthof60units.

5.Nowmakethetwosidesofthewheelhubasshownintheabovediagramusingtheoptionsofpolylineandcircle.Trimtheexcesselementsandensurethatthefigureisconstraintwithappropriatedimensionsandisreferencedwithrespecttotheaxis.Ensurethatproperpositionismaintainedonthecylinder.ThenPadthispartwiththehelpofpadcommandandmirroredextenttoalengthof15unitsoneithersideofthepart.Also,youcanusethemirroroptionavailabletomakethingseasier.

6.Nowmaketheholesonboththesectionsthatweredesignedinthepreviousstepwithaholediameterof16unitspositionedwithrespecttothecorrespondingcentresoftheoriginalsemi-circlesonthesections.

7.Next,makeasketchofacircleofdiameterof45unitsonthetopofthecylinderanddrillitdowntoadepthof20unitsthroughtheaxisofthecylinder.

8.Nowyourwheelhubisdoneandsentfortheassembly.

Result:

Thewheelhubismadeandsentforassembly.

WheelAim:

Tomakethewheelfortheassemblyofthelandinggear

Procedure:

3.Beginfirstbymakingtherimportionofthewheelwithappropriatedimensioningandproperconstraintsinawaywheretheyarereferencedwithrespecttotheaxis.Itwouldbebetterifonlyhalftherimisdoneoneithersideofthehorizontalaxisandmirroredtotheothersidewithrespecttothehorizontalaxisorthexaxis.

4.Afterthetwodimensionalrimelementisfinishedfromthepreviousstep,youneedtoexittheworkbenchandusetheshaftcommandonthistwodimensionalelementwithrespecttotheverticalaxisandrevolveitthoroughit.Thismakesthethreedimensionalrimofthelandinggearwheel.Next,makethetire.

5.Tomakethetireportionofthewheel,choosethexyplaneandplaceasketchfeatureonthis.Alongtheoutersurfaceoftherim,makethecrosssectionalviewofthetireliketheoneshownbelow.

6.Ensurethatproperdimensionsareplacedalongwiththegroovesofthetire.Includeacurvatureofthetireofradius2unitstosmoothenouttheedgesofthetires.Ensurethatthevaluesofthedimensionsarecorrectanduseamirroroptiontomakethingseasier.Also,ensurethatthewholepartisfixedwithrespecttotheaxisusingtheconstraintoption.

7.Exittheworkbenchandshaftthiscrosssectionalviewofthetirealongtheverticalaxisandaroundthethreedimensionalrimthatwaspreviouslymade.Youmayalsocolourtheoutersurfaceofthetireblackunderthesurfacepropertiesbyrightclickingthesurfaceofthistire.Thisaddsafeeloftexturetothewheelsandmakestheviewereasilyrecognizeitssignificance.

8.Now,maketheholesontherimsasshowninthepaperattachedwhereitisrequiredusingaholeoptionandthecircularpatternfoundonthewindowofthethreedimensionalviewofthefigure.Makesurethattheholesareproperlydimensionedandmeasureadiameterof6unitsalongwiththepositioningof25unitsfromthecentreofthetiretothecentreoftheholedrilled.Thecircularpatterncommandletsyoudrawordrillmultipleholeswithcertainspecificationsonthepositioningalongtherimwithauserfriendlyinterface.

9.Afterthisstepisdone,yourwheelisreadyanditissentforassembly.

Result:

Thewheelismadeandsentforassembly.

5.LandingGearAssemblyAim:Toassemblethepartsofthelandinggearthatwasdoneinthepreviousexperimentintothelandinggearoftheaircraft.

Procedure:1.StartbyopeningtheassemblydesignundermechanicaldesignoftheCATIAsoftware

2.Hereyouneedtoonlyusethetoolbarsofconstraints,move,update,andproductstructuretoolscommands.Beginwiththewheelhub.Usetheoptionof“existingcomponentwithpositioning”underproductstructuretoolstoolbar.Selectthewheelhubcomponentandbringitontotheinterface.Makesureyoufixthispartontotheinterface.Thispartwillbeourreferencepartfortheentirelandinggear.Fromhere,youmayeithermoveontothewheelsectionorthestrutandpistonsection.Bothareequallytimeconsuming.Let’sbeginwiththewheelsection.

3.Usetheoption“existingcomponent”undertheproductstructuretoolstoolbartobringintheshaftontotheinterface.Youcanmodifythispositionusingthemanipulationoption.Youneedtomakeacoincidenceconstraintbetweenthecentralaxisoftheshafttotheholegoingthroughthewheelhub.Makesurethatequallengthsoftheshaftaredisplacedfromeithersideofthewheelhub.Thiscanbedonebyusingoffsetconstraint.Nowonceyouhavethisconstraintsplaced,thepartisfixedtothewheelhub.Nowmoveontothewheels.

4.Usethesameoptiontoimportthewheelfromthefolderontotheinterfaceandwiththehelpofcoincidenceconstraint,coincidetheaxisofthewheeltotheshaft.Makesureyoudothistofourwheelsontheshaft(twooneithersideoftheshaft).Selecttherimofeachofthewheelandusetheoptionof“fixtogether”withtheshaftsothatwhenthewheelrotatesalongitsaxis,theshaftalsorotates.Ensurethatthisoptionisdoneonallthefourwheels.Displacethewheelsinawaywheretheydon’tcollide.

5.Nowbringinthepistonfromthefolderontotheinterfacebyimporting.Makeacoincidenceconstraintbetweentheaxisofthispistonandtheaxisofthecylindricalwheelhubinawayperpendiculartotheshaftandthewheelsectionofthewheelhub.Ensurethatthebottompistonsurfaceisunderacontactconstraintwiththesmallslotsectiononthewheelhubsothatitremainsfixedthere.Nowyoucanbringinthestrut.

6.Thestrutshouldbeimportedontotheinterface.Ensurethatacoincidenceconstraintismadeinawaywheretheaxisofthepistonandtheaxisofthisstrutarecoinciding.Alsochecktheoptionofcrashoncontactbetweenthepistonheadandthestrut.Theassemblyofthepistonandstrutshouldbeinsuchawaythatthepistonheadshouldbedeployedintothestrut’sbody.Asyoumanipulatethestrutupanddownitsaxis,itshouldmoveandshouldstopmovingwhenthe

impactofthepistonheadismetintheinteriorofthestrut.Alsorotatethestrutandmake

ananglecoincidencewiththewheelhubinsuchawaythattheupperandthelowerswaylinkscanbeplacedanytimeintheinterface.

7.Nowbringinthelowerswaylinkwherethispartwillbeattachedpartiallytothewheelhubandpartiallytotheupperswaylink.Ensureacoincidenceconstraintbetweentheholeaxisofthelowerswaylinkandtheholeaxisofthewheelhubbase.Alsomakeanoffsetconstraintbetweenthesurfaceoftheholesofboththelowerswaylinkandthewheelhubatadistanceof0units.Thismeansthatitisalmostincontactwithouttheneedofthecontactconstraintwiththewheelhub.

8.Nowbringtheupperswaylinkwhichwillbeattachedtothestrutandthelowerswaylink.Alsothediagramshownabovedoesn’tshowtheswaylinks.Itisbestreferredfromtheattacheddocument.Theupperswaylinkmustbesetwithacoincidenceconstraintwiththestrut’sholes.Theoffsetconstraintmustalsobemaintainedbetweenthesurfacesoftheholesoftheupperswaylinkandthestrut’sholes.Thisoffsetmustbeatadistanceofzerounits.Afterthiscoincidence,makeanothercoincidenceconstraintconnectingthetwoupperandthelowerswaylinkstogetherasshowninthedocumentattached.Ensurethatwhenmovingthestrut,theseswaylinksalsomovewithrespecttothestrutmovementalongthecentralaxisofthestrut.

9.Bringintheheavyhexflangescrewsintotheinterfacewiththeimportoption.Therearethreelocationsastowherethisheavyhexflangescrewsarepositioned.Thesethreelocationscorrespondtothethreejunctionsoftheupperandlowerswaylinkswithrespecttothemselvesandtothestrutandwheelhub.Makesureacoincidenceconstraintismaintainedinawaywheretheaxisofthethreeheavyhexflangescrewscoincideswiththeholesinthejunctions.Alsomakeacontactconstraintwiththeheadsoftheheavyhexflangescrewsandthesurfaceoftheholesonthelandinggearatthejunctions.

10.Nowbringintheheavyhexflangenutswhichwillbeplacedinawaywheretheyfitinwithheavyhexflangescrewsatthethreeterminalsorthejunctions.Thenutsmustbepositionedwithacoincidenceconstraintwiththeheavyhexflangescrews.Thereshouldalsobeacontractconstraintwithallthreenutsandtheopensurfacesof.Thispositionsthescrewsandprovidesrigiditytothestructure

11.Ensurethatalltheconstraintsarefollowedalongwiththeprocedures.Yourlandinggeariscompleted

Result:Thelandinggearassemblyiscompletedwiththehelpofalltheparts.

6.AircraftAssemblyAim:Toassemblethepartsoftheaircraftgiventoyouandtofinishthemodelofanaircraft.

Procedure:

1.Therearethreefilesgiventoyouonyourfolderwhichincludethemainstructureoftheaircraft,aleftwingandarightwing.Youneedtoassemblethesethreepartstogetherandsenditforfurtherprocesseslikedrafting.

2.StartbyopeninganassemblydesigninterfaceundermechanicaldesignoftheCATIAsoftware.Importthefileofthemainaircraftstructureandfixitwithrespecttotheinterfaceandtheplane.

3.Importthefileofleftwingontotothewindow.Hereyoucannoticethatthewinghasholesortheframeofthewingiscancoincidewiththeaircraft.Theaircraftisahighwingaircraft.Hereyouneedtousethreeconstraints.Twocoincidenceconstraintsandonecontactconstraintaretobemade.Maketwocoincidenceconstraintswithrespecttothecirclesonthewing’scross-sectionalviewcorrespondingtotheonesfoundontheaircraft.Afteryoufinishthisconstraint,makeacontactconstraintbetweenthesurfaceoftheaircraftanditscorrespondingwing’scrosssectionalarea.Yourleftwingiscompletedandtheonlythingremainingistherightwing.

3.Importthefileofrightwingontotothewindow.Hereyoucannoticethatthewinghasholesortheframeofthewingiscancoincidewiththeaircraft.Theaircraftisahighwingaircraft.Hereyouneedtousethreeconstraints.Twocoincidenceconstraintsandonecontactconstraintaretobemade.Maketwocoincidenceconstraintswithrespecttothecirclesonthewing’scross-sectionalviewcorrespondingtotheonesfoundontheaircraft.Afteryoufinishthisconstraint,makeacontactconstraintbetweenthesurfaceoftheaircraftanditscorrespondingwing’scrosssectionalarea.Yourrightwingisalsocompleted.

4.Youraircraftassemblyiscompletedinthesesimplestepsandissentfordrafting

Result:Theassemblyofasimpleaircraftiscompletedandissentfordrafting.

7.3DimensionalDesignofBlowerComponentsTheblowerdesigningcanbeachievedbyfirstdesigningthefollowingcomponents:

a.Blowerb.Coverc.LowerHousingd.Motore.Shaftf.UpperHousing

BlowerAim:

Tomaketheblowerfortheassemblyoftheblower

Procedure:

3.Startbymakingacirclewithadiameterof100unitsontheplane.Paditoutontothethirdaxisatadistanceof36.25units.

4.Nextyoumushpocketoutthemiddleregionofthiscylinderwiththedimensionsshowninthediagramprovidedatadistanceof27.5unitsononesideand30unitsontheoppositeside.

5.Nowfromthebottomsectionalviewofthethinnercylinder,drawacircleofdiameterof80unitsanddrillthatdiameterofaholethroughthebottomsection.

6.Nowmakethefencesonthecircumferenceofthecylinderwithawidthof2.5unitsandalengthof24.8unitsfromthecircumferenceofthecylindersectiontowardsthecentralaxisofthecylindersection.Then,usecircularpattercommandtoorganizethemintosixpiecesthroughoutthecircumferenceofthecylinder.

7.Padthisregionoutontothetopcylindersothattheouterfencedstructureoftheblowerismade.

8.Fromthetopviewofthetopcylinder,maketwocircleswithdiameters15and30unitsrespectively.Theircentresandthecentreofthecylindermustcoincide.Nowexittheworkbench

andpadthissurfaceoutwardtoadistanceof25units.Ensurethatalltheconstraintsaremetandthatthefigureisfixedwithrespecttoitsaxis.

9.Yourblowerisfinishedandreadyforassembly.

Result:

Theblowercomponentisfinishedandsentforassembly.

CoverAim:

Tomakethecoverfortheassemblyoftheblower

Procedure:

3.Startbymakingacircleofdiameter70unitsontheplane.Padthisfigureoutontotheotheraxisatadistanceof25units.

4.Fromonesideofthecylinder,makeanedgefilletofradius10unitstogiveasmoothsurfacetoit.

5.Nowusetheshellcommandtomakeashellfromthedesignwithadisplacementof2.5unitsinthickness.

6.Nowfromthetopsectionalviewofthefigure,makeanelongatedholewiththecentralaxisoftheelongatedholecorrespondingtooneoftheaxisofthefigurethroughitscentre.Maketheelongateddistanceof40unitsandaholediameterof3.5unitsoneitherside.AlsoMakesixmoreofsuchelongatedholeswherethreeofthemareoneithersideofthehole.Thelengthordistancebetweeneachelongatedholemustbe1.75units.

7.Then,pocketouttheholesmadeinthepreviousstepinawaythattheymake7elongatedholesonthetopviewofthecomponent.

8.Goingbackontothesurfaceofthefigure,maketwocirclescorrespondingtothecentreofthecylinderwithdiameters15and25unitsrespectively.Thenpadtheseoutwardinalengthof7.5units.Yourtopsectionofthecomponentisdone.

9.Nowfromthebottomrimofthecover,makeyoursidepartwithasemicircleradiusof7.5andthesmallercirclediameterof7.5units.Ensurethatthecentresofthesecirclesareatalengthof42.5unitsfromtheaxisofthecomponent.

10.Usetheoptionofcircularpatterninordertomaketwomoresuchshapesaroundtherimatanangleof120degreesapartfromeachcentre.

11.Nowpadthesefigurestoadistanceof5unitsandyourcoveroftheblowerisdoneandsentforassembly.

Result:

Thecovercomponentisfinishedandsentforblowerassembly.

LowerHousingAim:

Tomakethelowerhousingfortheassemblyoftheblower

Procedure:

3.Starttheentiredesignbyfirstmakingthebasicshapeofthestructureasshownbelow.Ensurethatthebaseisgivenas140unitslengthof15unitsasheight.Ensurethatthesemi-circledrawnisataradiusof60units.Alsoensurethatthesideportionsofthesemi-circlearealsodrawnandmeasurealengthof14units.

4.Now,exittheworkbenchandpadthisimageatadistanceof40unitsontothethirdaxis.Next,youneedtomaketheholesonthesiderectangularsections(fouroneachside,soeightofthem)Makesuretheyallmeasurethesameunitsandarethesamedistanceapartfromeachother.Theseholescorrespondtotheholesmadeintheupperhousinggiveninthisdocument.Ensurethattheradiusoftheseholesare4.1unitsdividedby2.

5.Nextwiththesideviewofthesemi-circularsolid,makeanothersemi-circlewitharadiusof57unitscorrespondingtothecentralaxisofthebiggersemi-circle.Thenpocketthisimageintothesolidatadistanceof37.5units.

6.Nextmakethesmallersemi-circularslitononesidewitharadiusof15unitsanddrillthroughthewall.Thenmakeasemi-circleofradius48.75unitsandthebaseline2.5units

awayfromthebaseofthebiggersemi-circularwall.

7.Yourlowerhousingisdoneandsentforassembly.

Result:

Thelowerhousingcomponentisfinishedandsentforblowerassembly.

MotorAim:

Tomakethemotorfortheassemblyoftheblower

Procedure:

3.Startwithacircleofdiameter70unitsontheplane.Thenpadthisoutontotheinterfaceinthethirdaxisatadistanceof90units.

4.Nextmakethebasestructurebytakingonefaceofthecylinder.Thebottomdistanceofthebaseshouldbe120unitslongwithaverticaldistanceof67.5unitsfromthecentreofthefacecentralhorizontalaxis.Ensurethatthebaseissymmetricabouttheyaxisorthecentralaxisofthefaceofthecylinder.

5.Padthisdesignatadistanceof65unitsasshowninthefigure.Nextmaketheuppersectionofthemotorwhichlookslikesteps.Todothissection,firststakethefacewithoutthebaseconnectedanddrawyoursteps.EnsurethattheEdgesarecoincidingwiththefaceofthemotorcylinderandthatthebottommostbaseisatadistanceof28unitsfromthecentralaxisofthecylinderasshow.Eachdisplacementofthestepsshouldby4.5unitsbothinverticalandhorizontaldistances.

6.Padthisstepstructureatalengthof82.5units.Nowmakethebiggercirclewithadiameterof100unitswiththecentresoffsetatadistanceof0unitsfromthecentreofthecylinderalreadymade.Thenpadthisstructureawayfromthecylinderatadistanceof5units.

7.FromtheSurfaceofthepreviouspadding,makeanothercircleofdiameter60unitscollidingwiththecentresagain.Thiscircleshouldbepocketedinwardatadistanceof5units.

8.Fromthemiddlesectionofthecylindermakeaholeofdiameter15unitsthroughthemotor.Next,maketheholesofcircularpatternaroundtheplateasshownwithdiametersof7.5unitsandeachholeshouldbe120degreesapartfromeachotherwithrespecttothecentreofthecylinder.

9.Yourmotorisdoneandreadyforassembly.

Result:

Themotorcomponentisfinishedandsentforblowerassembly.

ShaftAim:

Tomaketheshaftfortheassemblyoftheblower

Procedure:

3,Beginbymakingacirclewithadiameterof15unitsandthenpadthiscircletoalengthof240unitsontothethirdaxis.Ensurethattheproperdimensionsaretakenandthefigureisconstraintproperlyandhighlightedgreen.

4.Fromoneofthefacesofthiscylinderusethesketchoptiontomakeacircleofdiameter12unitswiththecentresofthecylinderandthiscirclecorresponding.Thiscirclefurtherneededtobepaddedatadistanceof1.8units.Nowfromtheoutwardfaceofthissmallercylinderdrawanothercircle.

5.Thisthirdcirclemusthavethesamemeasurementsasthefirstcircleasinitshouldhaveadiameterof15units.Thiscircleshouldalsobepaddedatadistanceof5unitsontothethirdaxis.Ensurethatconstraintsarefollowed.

6.Yourshaftisdoneandsentforassembly.

Result:

Theshaftcomponentisfinishedandsentforblowerassembly.

UpperHousingAim:

Tomaketheupperhousingfortheassemblyoftheblower

Procedure:

3.Startwithabasicsemi-circlewithaclosedbaseofradius60units.Thenpadthisoutatadistanceof40unitsoneithersideoftheaxisorbyusingmirroredextent.Then,fromonefaceofthesemi-circularsolid,makeanothersemicircleofradius48.75unitswiththebasesofboththesemi-circlescoincidingalongwiththeircentres.

4.Fromthecentreofthesolid’saxis,makeareferenceplaneintheinthezyaxistowardsthefaceoftheblower.Thereferenceplanemustbeatadisplacementof81.5unitsfromthebaseplane.Anotherreferenceplanemustalsobeplacedatadistanceof57.5unitsfromthereferenceplanethatwasjustplaced.

5.Makeafigureonthefirstreferenceplanewiththegivendimensionsinthediagram.Thiswillbethefirsthalfthebower’smouth.

6.Makeanarchwithoneedgecoincidingwiththeedgeofthesectionalviewofthesolidandtheothercoincidingwiththetopedgeofthediagramyoumadeinthepreviousstep.Ensurethattheedgefilletradiusofcurvatureof15unitsisfollowed.

7.Usearibcommandandjointhecurvedsurfaceofthesemi-circularsolidandthedesignmadeinthepreviousstep.Thisenclosesboththesurfacestogetherwithrespecttotheirgeometry.Ensurethattheyhaveproperdimensions.

8.Rememberthesmallersemi-circularshapewemadeinstepfourwiththeradiusof48.75unitsontothefaceofthebiggersolid?Itisnowrequiredtopocketinthatfigureatadepthof77.5unitsintothesemi-circularsolid.

9.Nowmakethesameshapewithslightlybiggerlengthsasshowninthediagramattachedastheoneshownaboveontothesecondreferenceplane.Ensurethatdimensionalconstraintsarefollowedandthatthefigureisproperlycorrelatingtothedesignonthefirstreferenceplane.

10.Now,usethemulti-sectionsolidcommandtomakeaconnectingsolidbetweenthesetwodesignsonthereferenceplaneoneandtworespectively.Thismakesthelonghauloftheblowercomponent.

11.Usetheshellcommandandselectthesurfaceofthehaulshowninthereferenceplanetwoortheoneinthepreviousstepandtheinteriorofthesolid.Makesurethattheinteriorthicknessof2.5unitsisalsoselectedinordertomaketheholethroughthehaulandconnectittotheinterior.

12.Fromthebottomviewofthemodel,maketworectangleswheretheboltsfitinintheassemblyasshowninthefigurewiththedimensionsof4unitsthickness,15unitsinwidthand70unitsinlength.Ensurethatthisisbothbottombasesidesforthesolid.Thethicknesscanbeachievedbyusingthepadcommand.

13.Nowmakeasetofeightholesofdiameter4.1unitswherefourofthemononerectangularblocksideandtheotherfourontheother.Ensurethattheyhaveaspecifieddistancebetweenthem.

14.Nextmakethewallholeofradius15unitsusingasemi-circlefigureasshowninthediagram.Yourupperhousingcomponentisdone.

Result:

Theupperhousingcomponentisfinishedandsentforblowerassembly.

8.BlowerAssemblyAim:Toassemblethepartsoftheblowerthoseweremadeintheprevioussectionintoablowerassembly.

Procedure:1.StartbyopeningtheassemblydesignundermechanicaldesignoftheCATIAsoftware

2.Hereyouneedtoonlyusethetoolbarsofconstraints,move,update,andproductstructuretoolscommands.Beginwiththemotoroftheblower.Usetheoptionof“existingcomponentwithpositioning”underproductstructuretoolstoolbar.Selectthemotorcomponentandbringitontotheinterface.Makesureyoufixthispartontotheinterface.Thispartwillbeourreferencepartfortheentireblowerassembly.

3.Nextyouneedtoattachashaft.Importtheshaftfromthefolderandbringitontotheinterface.Makeaconstraintofcoincidencebetweentheaxisoftheshaftandtheaxisofthemotor(thecentralaxis).Alsoyouneedtoensurethattheshaftisabletogointothemotorholdandgetfixedthere.Fromthebacksideholeofthemotor,makeanoffsetconstraintwiththeshaft’send.

4.Nowimportthecoverpartontotheinterfaceofthesoftware.Fromthecover,makesurethatthecoincidenceisgivenbetweentheaxisoftheholesontheplateofthemotorandthecover.Threecoincidenceconstraintsarerequiredhere.Thefirstconstraintisbetweentheaxisofthetwocomponents.Thesecondconstraintisbetweenoneoftheplateholesofthecoverandthemotorplate.Thethirdconstraintisanotherplatebetweentheplaneholesofthecoverandthemotorplate.Thiswouldfinallyputtheshaftthroughtheholeofthecoveraswell.

5.Nextimporttheblowercomponentintosoftware’sinterface.Makeanoffsetconstraintbetweentheshaftandtheholeontheblower.Alsoensurethatthefixtogethercommandisusedbetweentheblowerandtheshaft.Nowasyourotatetheblowerusingthemanipulationcommand,youcanseetheshaftalsorotating.

6.Nowbringinthelowerhousing.Thecentralaxisofthelowerhousingmustbeatacoincidenceconstraintwiththeaxisoftheshaft.Alsoensureanangleconstraintbetweenthesurfaceoftheblowercomponentandthefaceofthelowerhousing.Alsotheangleconstraintbetweenthebaseofthemotorandthelowerhousingshouldexistwheretheangleiszerodegrees.

7.Next,makeasurfaceconstraintbetweenthesurfacesofthecoverandtheplateofthemotor.Alsoimporttheupperhousecomponent.

8.Theupperhousecomponentmustbeadjustedinsuchawaythattheaxesoftheholesofthecomponenthaveacoincidenceconstraintwiththeholesonthelowerhousing.Ensureanoffsetconstraintbetweenthesurfaceoftheblowerandthefaceoftheupperandlower

housingtobezerounitsawayfromeachother.Makesurethatallthepointsarefixedandthecomponentdoesn’tmoveordeforminanywaywhenmanipulatedwithrespecttoconstraints.

9.Yourassemblyforblowerisdone

Result:Theassemblyofablowerisdonewiththehelpofthesecomponents:

a.Blowerb.Coverc.LowerHousingd.Motore.Shaftf.UpperHousing

10.DraftingofTypicalAircraftAim:Todrafttheaircraftthatwasassembledinoneoftheprevioussectionsusingdraftingworkbenchinthesoftware

Procedure:1.OpentheCATIAsoftware,clickonpartdesign,thenselectmechanicaldesign,andfinallyselectthedraftingundertheworkbench.Youcannowseeagridofdarklinesonthewhitebackgroundpageontheinterface.Here,draftingisdone.

2.Draftingisdonebyusingdifferentviewsofanyobject.Inthisexercise,wewillbedraftingthedifferentviewsofanaircraft.Theaircraftassemblyistakenfromoneofthepreviousexperimentsandthatfileisalsoopensimultaneouslyonthesoftware.Afteropeningthesoftware,themaintoolbarsusedwouldbegeometrycreation,select,drawing,geometrymodification,dimensioning,annotations,views,anddressuptoolbars.Youwillmainlyusedimensioningandviewstoolbarsinthisexercise.

3.Selectthefrontviewcommandoftheviewstoolbar.Thenminimizethewindowandopentheassemblywindow.Selecttheplanewhichprojectsthefrontalviewoftheaircraft.Nowclickanywhereonthedraftingpagefortheprojectiontobecompleted.Thisprojectsthefrontviewoftheaircraft.

4.Next,choosethecommandProjectionViewfromtheviewstoolbarandselectthesideviewoftheaircraftwiththehelpoftheplaneandattachitontothedraftinginterface.

5.Similarly,choosethesamecommandtogetthetopviewoftheaircraft.

6.Yourdimensioningcanbecompletedbyusingtheoptionofdimensionsfromthedimensioningtoolbar.Youmustshowanythreedimensionsfromeachoftheviewsonthisassignment.

7.Yourbasicdraftingisdone

Result:Theaircraftisdraftedontothedraftinginterface.

10.Figures

Figure13-DObject1

Figure23-DObject2

Figure32DAirfoiloftheWingStructure

Figure4DesignofSparsandRibsofWingStructure

Figure5RibsandSparsoftheWingStructure

Figure6FinalDesignedWingStructure

Figure73-DLandingGearComponents-Piston,Shaft,HeavyHexFlangeScrew,andHeavyFlangeNut

Figure8LandingGearComponents-CompletedHeavyFlangeNut

Figure9CompletedHeavyHexFlangeScrew

Figure10LandingGearComponents-LowerSwayLink

Figure11LandingGearComponentsLowerSwayLink

Figure12LandingGearComponents–Piston

Figure13LandingGearComponents-FinishedShaft

Figure14LandingGearComponents-UpperSwayLink

Figure15LandingGearComponents-FinishedUpperSwayLink

Figure16LandingGearComponents–Strut

Figure17LandingGearComponents-StrutPart1

Figure18LandingGearComponents-StrutPart2

Figure20LandingGearComponents-WheelHub

Figure22LandingGearComponents–Wheel

Figure23LandingGearComponents-WheelPart1

Figure24LandingGearComponents-WheelPart2

Figure25LandingGearComponents-FinishedWheel

Figure26LandingGearAssembly

Figure27AircraftAssembly

Figure28BlowerComponents–Blower

Figure29BlowerComponents-FinishedBlower

Figure30BlowerComponents–Cover

Figure31BlowerComponents-FinishedCover

Figure32BlowerComponents-LowerHousing

Figure33BlowerComponents-FinishedLowerHousing

Figure34BlowerComponents–Motor

Figure35BlowerComponents-FinalMotor

Figure36BlowerComponents–Shaft

Figure37BlowerComponents-FinalShaft

Figure38BlowerComponents-UpperHousing

Figure39BlowerComponents-FinalUpperHousing

Figure40BlowerAssembly

Figure41DraftingofaTypicalAircraft

References“CATIAPartDesign.”CATIA.DassaultSystemes,1994-99.Web.

“GettingStartedwithCATIAV5.”DassaultSystemesCATIA.IBMProductLifecycleManagementSolutions,n.d.Web.

Sham,Dickson.“CATIAV5SurfaceModeling.”Cloudfront.N.p.,n.d.Web.

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