Post on 16-Jul-2015
transcript
Types of Bridge(Concept)
Data Collected by:
Kushal Patel
DEFINITION: Bridge• A structure made for carrying road traffic or other moving load
over a obstruction such as river, road or railway is said to be as bridge.
Uses of Bridges
• Walkways• Highways/Roads• Railways• Pipelines• Connecting lands• Crossing rivers and
canyons
Site Selection for Bridge1. A straight reach of the river.
2. Steady river flow without cross currents:
3. A narrow channel with firm banks
4. Suitable high banks above high flood level on each side.
Site Selection for Bridge
5. Rock or other hard in erodible strata close to the river bed level.
6. Economical approaches which should not be very high or long or liable to flank attacks of the river during floods, the approaches Should be free from obstacles such as hills, frequent drainage crossings, scared places, graveyards or built up areas or troublesome land acquisition
Site Selection for Bridge7. Absence of sharp curves in the approaches.
8. Absence of expensive river training works.
9. Avoidance of excessive underwater construction.
ECONOMIC SPAN• THE SPAN OF THE BRIDGE WHICH REDUCES OVERALL COST OF
BRIDGE TO BE MINIMUM.• THE OVER ALL COST OF BRIDGE DEPENDS ON FOLLOWING FACTOR:• COST OF MATERIAL• AVALIABLITY OF SKILLED LABOUR• SPAN LENGTH• CLIMATIC CONDITION
AFFLUX• WHEN BRIDGE IS CONSTRUCTED THE STRUCTURES SUCH AS
ABUTMENT, WING WALL, PIERS CAUSE REDUCTION IN NATURAL WATER WAY AREA. THIS CONTRACTION IS SAID TO BE AS AFFLUX.
FREEBOARD• THE VERTICAL DISTANCE BETWEEN DESIGNED HFL AND THE MAIN
CARRYING ELEMENT
Types of Bridges
• Arch
• Truss
• Cantilever
• Cable-Stayed
• Suspension
What makes a bridge stay up?
• Forces• Compression – a pushing
or squeezing force• Tension – a pulling or
stretching force
Arch Bridges
• Keystone – the wedge-shaped stone of an arch that locks its parts together• Abutments – the
structures that support the ends of the bridge
Arch Bridges
• Works by
Compression
Arch Bridges
Cold Spring Arch Bridge, Santa Barbara, CA
Marsh Rainbow Arch, Riverton, KS
Pont du Gard, Nimes, France
Cable-Stayed Bridges• Piers – the vertical supporting structures• Cables – thick steel ropes from which the decking is
suspended• Decking – the supported roadway on a bridge
Cable-Stayed Bridges• Works by Tension AND Compression
Cable-Stayed Bridges
Zakim Bridge, Boston, MA
Sunshine Skyway Bridge, Tampa, FL
Sundial Bridge, Redding, CA
Suspension Bridges• Similar to Cable-Stayed• Different construction method
Suspension Bridges• Works by Tension and Compression
Suspension Bridges
Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco, CA
Brooklyn Bridge, Brooklyn, NY
Verrazano-Narrows Bridge, New York, NY
Truss
Southern Pacific Railroad Bridge, Tempe, AZ
Questions?