Post on 25-Dec-2015
transcript
Types of Computers
• Desktop / Laptop
• PC / Mac
• Client / Server
Desktop v. Laptop
• Desktop– Keyboard– CPU– Disk drives– Monitor
• Laptop– Single portable unit with battery
Client / Server
• A server is a computer that is running software enabling it to serve specific requests from other computers, called clients.
Main Components
• CPU – Central Processing Unit
• Memory
• Motherboard
• Hard Drive
• Operating System
• Sound Card
• Graphics Card
ROM
• Read Only Memory
• “…computer memory on which data has been prerecorded. Once data has been written onto a ROM chip, it cannot be removed and can only be read.
-Webopedia
GUI
Graphical User Interface
Icon-based command system
Mouse
• “A device that controls the movement of the cursor or pointer on a display screen…”
-Tyson. How PCs work.
Input/Output Devices
• Monitor• Keyboard• Mouse• Storage Devices (floppy, CD, flash, DVD)• Ports (USB)• Speaker• Microphone• Camera
Hard disk
• “This is large-capacity permanent storage used to hold information such as programs and documents.”
-Tyson. How PCs Work.
Sound Card
• “This is used by the computer to record and play audio by converting analog sound into digital information and back again.”
-Tyson. How PCs work.
Scanner
• “A device that reads data and inputs it to the computer…”
-Wilson.
Ports
• Slots or spaces “on the outside of a computer to attach external devices such as printers, scanners, tape backup drives, removable CD-ROM or floppy-disk drives.”
-Wilson.
• Ethernet
• USB
• Serial
LAN
• Local Area Network– Network covering a small geographic area
Binary
• Computers think in binary code
• All data is represented in 0s and 1s. This means every character (textual or numeric) must be converted to binary code to be processed by a computer.
• Additional reading– http://theproblemsite.com/codes/binary.asp
ASCII
• American Standard Code for Information Interchange
• Additional reading for next week– http://webopedia.com/TERM/A/ASCII.html
Networking Basics
• A network is a group of 2 or more computer systems linked together– LAN– WAN
• http://webopedia.com/TERM/n/network.html
• Additional reading– http://webjunction.org/do/DisplayContent?id=9
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Computers in Libraries
• Staff
• Public
Troubleshooting
• A single workstation produces an error message as soon as it is turned on, at the beginning of boot up. Could it be:– Workstation CPU– Workstation hard disk– Workstation monitor– Hub– Server
Troubleshooting
• A single workstation sounds like it is booting up, but the screen remains blank. Could it be:– Workstation CPU– Workstation disk storage– Workstation monitor– Hub– Server
The Internet
• Global computer network made up of smaller networks using common protocols
intranet
• Web site internal to an organization, limited to local access and contained within a firewall.
Bandwidth
• Width of the pipe. The amount of data that can be sent at once.
Firewall
Software that blocks access and protects a network or PC