UG_20090206_Merci

transcript

Universiteit Gent - UGent Vakgroep Mechanica van Stroming, Warmte en Verbranding

www.FloHeaCom.UGent.be

Fundamental design approaches for improvement of the fire safety in car parks

01/01/2009 – 31/12/2010Prof. Bart Merci

SBO-project (IWT)

• Project financed by IWT-Vlaanderen• SBO = ‘Strategisch Basisonderzoek’• Fundamental research -> valorisation (10-year term policy)• Societal valorisation• Total budget: ca. 1.5MEur• 2-year project• 2010: ask for prolongation

Research partners

• Ghent University – UGent:– Dept. of Flow, Heat and Combustion Mechanics:

• Prof. dr. ir. Bart Merci (co-ordinator)• Prof. dr. ir. Paul Vandevelde

– Dept. of Structural Engineering: • Prof. dr. ir. Luc Taerwe

– Sub-contracting: WFRGENT NV: • dr. ir. Bart Sette

• KULeuven: – Applied Mechanics and Energy Conversion:

• Prof. dr. ir. Eric Van den Bulck• Dr. ir. Filip Van den Schoor• Prof. dr. ir. Filip Verplaetsen

Research partners

• von Karman Institute: – Environmental and Applied Fluid Dynamics Department:

• Prof. dr. ir. Jeroen van Beeck• Royal Military Academy:

– Civil Engineering and Materials:• Prof. dr. ir. John Vantomme

Researchers

• Ghent University – UGent: 3 researchers• KULeuven: 1 researcher• Von Karman Institute: 1 researcher• Royal Military Academy: 1 researcher

Scientific-technological objectives

• Major objectives: – fundamental research as basis for the development of reliable fire

safety design calculation methods and safety guidelines for new car parks and the assessment and improvement of existing car parks;

– the onset of a global fire and explosion risk analysis.• The study focuses on the following aspects in car parks:

– smoke control in case of fire;– explosion risk;– structural aspects (structural integrity and reliability assessment).

• Smoke control objectives:– to develop large scale CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)

simulation approaches of the fire safety system;– to characterise sprinkler sprays;– to gather experimental and simulation data for the derivation of

simplified calculation methods for the design of smoke extraction systems, without sprinklers, for closed and semi-closed car parks.

• Explosion risk objectives:– to carry out an approximate quantitative risk analysis (QRA) of the

explosion risk in closed and semi-closed car parks due to the presence of vehicles fuelled with LPG and hydrogen;

– to gather experimental and simulation data for the derivation ofsimplified calculation methods for the design of gas detection and ventilation systems, for closed and semi-closed car parks.

• Structural aspects objectives:– to develop advanced mechanical models for the structural

behaviour of structural members in the context of car park structures taking into account non-linear behaviour due to indirect actions in the accidental situations of fire and explosion;

– to develop a particular analysis of the punching shear problem in case of fire and explosions.

Scientific-technological work packages

• Smoke control work packages:– WP1: Determination of design parameters, scenarios and

objectives:• identification and quantification of the most critical

parameters and scenarios for the safe design of car parks with respect to smoke control, structural reliability and explosion risk;

• definition of the design objectives to minimise the fire and explosion risk in car parks and to maximise structural reliability.

• Smoke control work packages:– WP2: Smoke and heat control:

• to acquire experimental data during field experiments and wind tunnel tests that will be used to validate and adapt the physical modelling in the CFD simulations;

• to provide data, in the form of analytical relationships between a limited set of parameters, obtained from experiments and a number of CFD simulations;

• to characterize the effect of sprinklers.

• Smoke control work packages:– WP3: Reliable design calculation methods (no sprinklers):

• Preparations for the development of reliable, simplified and quick calculation methods, including their limits of applicability.

– WP4: Dissemination:• Implementation of findings in standardization

committees;• The development of a web site;• The organization of workshops;• Inclusion of findings in course material;• Journal publications (Fireforum).

• Explosion risk work packages:– WP1: Determination of design parameters, scenarios and

• Explosion risk work packages:– WP2: Explosions:

– to acquire experimental data during field experiments and wind tunnel tests that will be used to validate and adapt the physical modelling in the CFD simulations;

– to provide data, in the form of analytical relationships between a limited set of parameters, obtained from experiments and a number of CFD simulations;

– to experimentally study the ignition of stagnant and flowing flammable mixtures by hot surfaces in order to determine the probability that an accidental fuel release will lead to a vapour cloud explosion;

– to approximately quantify the effects of different explosion scenarios.

• Explosion risk work packages:– WP3: Reliable design calculation methods (no sprinklers):

– WP4: Quantitative risk analysis:• to carry out an approximate quantitative risk analysis on

the fire and explosion risk in car parks.

• Explosion risk work packages:– WP5: Dissemination:

• Implementation of findings in standardization committees;

• The development of a web site;• The organization of workshops;• Inclusion of findings in course material;• Journal publications (Fireforum).

• Structural aspects work packages:– WP1: Determination of design parameters, scenarios and

• Structural aspects work packages:– WP2: Structural models:

• Parametric analysis of structural members: – A failure and deformation analysis of individual building

elements (slab and column) will be developed taking into account the high temperature effects and the combined effect of a fire with blast and gas pressure. This study will comprise only analytical and numerical modelling.

– UGent will analyse the consequences of a fire in finite element (FE) software.

– The RMA will focus on the combination of loads (fire, blast and gas pressure) and adequate material behaviour laws, which will be analysed by means of a combination of hydrocode and finite element approach.

• Structural aspects work packages:– WP2: Structural models:

• Connections: Study of moment resisting connections between structural elements and analysis of the punching resistance in case of fire and for fire in combination with explosions.– Large scale fire tests on column-slab connections (UGent and

WFRGENT NV): identification of the influence of specific reinforcement schemes on the failure mode.

– A mechanical model for punching resistance under fire conditionswill be developed based on advanced failure mechanisms and on the basis of an original test program: three full scale slab-column connections will be submitted to a fire test at WFRGENT.

– An experimental programme with real scale blast tests on selected connection configurations will support this. RMA will develop a practical test configuration.

• Structural aspects work packages:– WP3: Reliable design calculation methods (no sprinklers):

– WP4: Dissemination:• Implementation of findings in standardization

committees;• The development of a web site;• The organization of workshops;• Inclusion of findings in course material;• Journal publications (Fireforum).

Valorisation objectives and activities

• Societal valorisation• Valorisation objectives:

– Development of a fundamental basis for improved simplified design calculation methods, to be implemented in several standardization committees;

– Construction of a dedicated web site;– Set the basis for instructions for safe intervention of fire brigades

and/or emergency services, especially in the presence of gas-fuelled cars;

– Incorporate findings in course material for education.

• User group:– Plenary group (1 meeting per year)– Working group (3 meetings per year)

• Members:– Agoria (Mevr. D. Du Tré): PG;– CEN/TC191/SC1/WG9 (Dhr. J.-Cl. Desmedt): PG;– Assuralia (dhr. Bernard Desmet): PG;– FOD Binnenlandse Zaken (ir. J. De Saedeleer): WG;– BrandweerVereniging Vlaanderen (ir. C. Gryspeert): WG;– Adinex NV (Prof. dr. ir. F. Verplaetsen): WG;– SECO (ing. J.-Ph. Vériter): WG;– Vinçotte (ing. B. Vanbever): WG;

• Members (continued):– BodyCote WarringtonFire (ir. C. Deleu): WG;– FireTec (ing. K. Van Herpe): WG;– Brakel Aero (Dhr. K. Demaeght): WG;– Colt International NV (Dhr. Gérard van Oosteren): WG;– Somati NV (ing. Caroline Geuens): WG;– Technum NV (ing. L. Schoonbaert en ing. W. Van de Voorde): WG;– IFSET NV (ir. X. Deckers): WG;– VK Engineering (dr. ir. E. Theuns): WG;– ISIB vzw (ir. E. Van Wesemael): WG;– Promat NV (Dhr. M. Bonheure): WG;– WFRGENT NV (dr. ir. B. Sette): WG.

UG_20090206_Merci

Design