Visual ArtsTeacher Simone

Architecture and Sculpture are the two mediums used by artists to express themselves through volume.

There are 2 types of sculpture: Free-standing sculpture: is a

sculpture that can be observed from all sides.

Relief sculpture: is a sculpture that rests on a support, so that it has no back side.

STONES, like marble, is considered one of the premier sculpting materials.

WOOD is another material that a sculptor can carve. It is softer than stone, but it is less durable.

IRON is a metal that offers great possibilities to sculptors, because it can be cut, bent, welded, etc.

BRONZE is a very maleable material that can be given form through various processes.

The most common process is through using molds, which are filled with the molten (melted) bronze.

CLAY is a very moldable material. The clay is first molded when wet, and then it is baked in a special oven, called a kiln.

The typical techniques for creating sculptures are: Carving Modelling Casting Constructing Assembling

Carving consists in slowly removing small pieces of the material with a sharp tool called a chisel.

Modelling is a using hands and other tools to give form to a moldable material, like clay or plasticine.

Casting is a process which is used to make many copies of the same figure.

First, it consists of making a figure through modelling.

Then, a mold is made of the figure.

The mold is then filled with a liquid like bronze or plaster to make a final figure.

Constructing is a technique of building with sculptural materials, like metal, wood, wire, etc.

Assembling is a technique similar to making a 3-dimensional collage. It consists in combining pre-existing elements in order to create a new figure.