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French Revolution

Foundations

Start Revolution Reign ofTerror

Napoleon

Foundations 100Foundations 100

The colonists won their war for independence due to

Generous military and financial aid from various

European states, especially France

The Constitution of the United States of 1789

Created a republic in which the branches of government

provided checks on one another

The American Revolution affected Europeans by

Proving that the ideas of the Enlightenment

could be realized politically

A key conduit of “enlightened” American political and moral ideas back to Europe was formed by

The hundreds French army and navy soldiers returning from the

American Revolutionary War

The defeat of General Cornwallis and his army at Yorktown in 1781, leading to British abandonment of

the Revolutionary War, was achieved by

A combined American and French army supported by a

heavily armed French fleet

Start of the Revolution 100Start of the Revolution 100

French society on the eve of their revolution

Was still largely dominated by the nobility and clergy

The most immediate cause of the French Revolution was

The government’s failure to resolve its debts and

other economic problems

By the eighteenth century, the French bourgeoisie and nobility were

Increasingly less distinguishable from each other

In 1789, the Estates-General was

Divided over the issue of voting by “orders” or by “head.”

As one measure of the French crown’s terrible financial predicament, by 1788 the interest

payments on the state debt alone amounted to

One-half of all government spending

Revolution 100Revolution 100

The French revolutionary slogan neatly evoking the ideals of the rebellion was

“Liberty, Equality, Fraternity!”

The controversy over voting by order versus voting by head in the Estates-General saw

The Third Estate respond by forming a “National Assembly.”

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

Owed much to the ideas of the American Declaration of

Independence

In regard to the Catholic Church, the National Assembly

Passed legislation that secularized church offices and clergymen

What type of government was established in France by 1791?

Constitutional monarchy

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The Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror

Was headed by Maximilien Robespierre

The French Republic’s army in the 1790s

Fueled modern nationalism and was raised through

mobilization of the population

In regard to religion, the National Convention

Took measures to dechristianize the republic

During the Reign of Terror, the majority of the victims were

Peasant and laboring classes

In the Reign of Terror’s “preservation” of the revolution from its internal enemies

Rebellious cities were brutally defeated

by the Revolutionary Armies

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The government of the Directory in the period of the Thermidorean Reaction

Increasingly had to rely on military support for its survival

Which of the following statements best applies to Napoleon?

He was both a child of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution

Which of the following statements best applies to Napoleon’s domestic policies?

His Civil Code reaffirmed the ideals of the Revolution while creating a uniform legal system

The Concordat

Reestablished the Catholic Church and gave the pope limited authority in France

Napoleon met his final defeat at the Battle of

Waterloo

Question

Answer

FINAL JEOPARDY!FINAL JEOPARDY!

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