Bhagwan Mahavir College of

Engineering and Technology

PRESENTATION ON

Prepared by : Ankit Gangani

140060106055

Index

Introduction to Urban Mass Transportation System

Requirement of Mass transportation system

Concept of travel demand for modeling

-Aspects in travel demand

Factors affecting travel demand

Sequential & Simultaneous models

-Aggregate & Disaggregate approach

Types of Mass transit system

Advantages of Mass Transportation System

Opportunities in Mass Transportation System

Urban Mass Transportation

Urbanization + Transport = Urban Mass Transportation

Cities (Urban Areas) play a vital role in promoting economic growth and prosperity of a nation.

The development of cities largely depends upon their physical,social, and institutional infrastructure. Transport demand inmost Indian cities has increased substantially, due to increasesin population as a result of both natural increase and migrationfrom rural areas and smaller towns.

Urbanization Trend : India

Parameter 1951 2001 2011

Population (million) 361 1027 1210

Urban Population (million)

(Level of Urbanisation)

62.4

(17.2%)

285

(27.7%)

377

(31.1%)

Metropolitan Cities

(Population in million)

5

(11.9)

35

(107.88)

53

(160.70)

Metro Population

(% of Total Population)

3.3% 10.5% 13.3%

Metro Population

(% of Urban Population)

18.8% 37.8% 42.6%

Ave. Population / Metro 2.35 mill. 3.08 mill. 3.03 mill.

Source: Census of India Report

Requirement of Mass transit system

177

272

175

266

166

50 59

158

252

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Ahm

edaba

d

Ban

galore

Chen

nai

Delhi

Hyd

erab

ad

Kolka

ta

Mum

bai

Pun

e

Surat

City Name

No

s.

of

Veh

icle

/1000 P

op

ula

tio

n

Vehicular Population: Ownership Profile

Transit Use by City Size

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50000 100000 500000 1000000

Tra

nsi

t T

rip

s

Population

Captive Riders Choice Riders

Source: VTPI, 2011

9

360 moped or 300 Cars or 6 Buses or 1 Metro

To solve the traffic congestion problem, the best method is encourage the use of public transport or mass transport.

Travel Options???

Share of Public Transport

Planning Approach….Reversal Needed….

Concept of travel demand

Travel demand :- it refers to the amount and type oftravel people would choose under specificconditions. considering factors such as the quality oftransport option available and their prices.

Hidden demand:- it refers to decisions related tocreation and management of transportation andtraffic facilities.

Transportation demand :-It is concentrated at

specific times that are related to the current activity pattern of the society for example social and recreational trips. also in such type of demand forecasts will be poor.

Major Aspects in travel demand

Land use :- It refers to pattern of land usage inan area. Land use affects the transportationdemand through generation and distribution oftrips.

Trip purpose:- It refers to purpose for whichthe trip is being undertaken. A trip is amovement from origin to destination, thedistance between origin and destination iscalled trip length. and the time taken is knownas trip time.

Factors affecting travel demand

Socio-economic factors

Location factors

Public transport accessibility factors

Socio-economic factors :

Household income

Occupation status

Family size and composition of household

Cultural aspects

Number of cars per household

Location factors

Population

Residential density

Distance of household from town center( central business district)

Public transport accessibility factors

Nearness of public transport facility

Efficiency and reliability of public transport

Fare structure, routing etc.

Factors affecting choice of travel mode

Purpose of trip Distance traveled Income of traveler Occupational status of the traveler

Sequential and simultaneous models

It consists of four descriptors.

Trip frequency

Destination

Mode

Route and other choice

SEQUENTIAL

MODEL

Aggregate and disaggregate approaches

Aggregate approach:- This develops relationship

between trip production and attraction with appropriateindependent variable, at zone level, using regression analysis. Itrefers to grouped data & pattern but may vary from zone tozone.(simultaneous models)

Disaggregate approach :- This is based on

development of equations describing independent variable on thetrip making as a basic unit. Data required is based on householdcharacteristics.(sequential models)

Urban mass transit system

It is based on two types and they are as follows :-

1. Road based transit

2. Rail based transit

Road base transit involves

Buses and coach

City buses / commuter buses

BRTS

Rail based transit

Trains

Commuter rails & suburban rails

Metro trains

Mono rail

Light rail transit system

Sky rail

Metro Train

• Rapid Rail Transit• Very High Capacity• Low Air Pollution• High Noise Pollution• 25 to 60 kmph• High Cost

Mumbai Metro Train Ride

Mono Rail

It comprises of a single rail track with vehicle suspended from or straddling the guide way

MONORAIL train in Sydney CBD,Ausralia

World’s Longest Straddle-type Monorailin southwest China

Chongqing Rail Transit,china

"Electric Elevated Railway (Suspension Railway, Germany.

Light Rail Transit System

Lighter vehicles & lighter track

Exclusive ROW ,Underground or on embankments

Vancouvercity Columbia, Canada.

Jakarta Light Rail Transit,Indonesia

LRT in Surrey, south east of England

Sky Rail

It is modified version of LRT automatic.

Chances of accidents are reduced due to complete automation.

Capital cost is high

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwji5bajtK7TAhVFqY8KHZjVAkUQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riskovik.com%2Farbitrage%2Fpsn%2Ffull%2F1033%2F&psig=AFQjCNGmO9hcVwMdYKjrkoh4p8oqREzTRA&ust=1492618744987611

Advantages of mass transit system

Environmental impacts

Social impacts

Fuel saving

Economic impacts

Freight impacts

Reduces congestion

Save time

Cost effective

Sustainable

Social

Opportunities in Mass transit system

• Corridor Integration

• Pedestrian Integration

• Bicycle Integration

• Other Public Transport

Systems Integration

• Para-Transit Or

Intermediate Public

Transport Integration

• Park and Ride

Integration

What needs to be Integrated …………?

Opportunities in Mass transit system

Opportunities in Mass transit system

Everyday lives are taken for granted in urban areas

Source: Google.com

URBAN TRANSPORTATION: SOME TYPICAL SCENES

Opportunities in Mass transit system

Opportunities in Mass transit system

Public Awareness

……….Changing people’schoice of travel fromprivate vehicles to publictransport……??????

Opportunities in Mass transit system

Its setup is incredible expensive

Possibility of attacked or being robbed

Malfunctioning of equipment as well as servicedisruptions caused due to labor strikes

Passengers may be attacked by infectious diseases

Late night safety is not assured

Accident may cause large casualties

Change in time of certain buses may causeinconvenience to passengers

Refrence

Urban Transportation System –Atul Prakashan By Dr.R.P.Rethaliya

http://www.civil.iitb.ac.in/~dhingra/ce751.htm

http://nptel.ac.in

http://iihs.co.in/knowledge-gateway/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/RF-Working-Paper-Transport_edited_09062015_Final_reduced-size.pdf

https://drive.google.com/open?id=0Bz4FPosKK0LDLVlyYmVId2s2a2M