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USNA Satellite Lab/Ground Station
Astronautics OverviewSatellite and communications LabsSatellite Student Design ProjectsGround Station OpsExtracurricular
Bob Bruninga, Ground Station Engineer
April 2008
RAFT & MARScom
Astraonautics Track Overview
8 Faculty in Astronautics (out of 16 total in Aerospace) 3 Full time Civilian Astronautics Faculty (PhD) 2 Full time Military (PhD) .5 Half-time with NASA Faculty (PhD) .5 Half-time Aero (structures) (PhD) 2 Funded Chairs (PhD) 1 Engineer (Labs and Satellite Projects) (MS EE)
Students15-30 Astro(30%) (out of 50-90 in Aerospace Major)
Astronautics Budget
Internal O&M,N $150K Navy Network Warfare $150K (Space Chair, Tech, Support)
External (Gift or Endowment)Heinline Chair $130K (endowed chair)Roger’s Chair $140K (endowed chair)Aerospace Corp $ 50K (ParkinsonSat)Aero Gift Fund $ 5K (Various)
Total Budget about $625K
Satellite Labs
Missions, Orbits, STK Projects
Communications, Links, Antennas
Transmitters, Receivers, Losses
EPS, Electrical Power System
Signals and Telemetry
Thermal Lab
ADCS
Indoor
OutdoorNoise temperature
Antenna Lab
Geo Arc and
9 operating positions
VHF dipole
UHF Satcom
C/Ku band TVRO
Communications, Receivers, Losses
Gain, losses
Amps and LNA’s
Cable losses
Geo-Arc
Beamwidth
Spectrum Analyzer
Downconverters
Demod, Decoding
UFO
Communications, Links, Gain
WavelengthAntenna SizeTypes
Gain, BeamwidthLink BudgetSNR
SWR
Matching
Antenna Lab for Seniors
RF LABsat model on rotor
Rotator and S/A to plot pattern
Dipole 1
Dipole 1
Antenna Phasing experiment
Antenna Link Budget and Gain
Uses small 2.4 GHz camera/transmitters
First observe dipole link (1000’)
Place dipole at dish focus and measure gain
Swing dish to see Beamwidth
Antenna Matching and Plots
Using PI network to match spacecraft antenna for best SWR
Using GPS signals to plot antenna pattern of GPS
EPS Lab
Solar Panels
I-V curves
Distribution
Regulation
Shadowing
RTG demo
EPS LABsat
Design Lab
Begin using LABsats
Telemetry Lab
Sensors
Circuits
Conditioning
Engineering conversion
Decoding
Protocols
Thermal Lab
Conduction
Radiation
Absorbtivity
Emissivity
Insulation
Attitude Control Labs (LABsats)
Can demo all but gravity gradient
ADCS (P-sat Demo)
Actual
Torques
and
Earth’s
Magnetic
Field
US Naval Academy LABsatsLabsats mostly integrated into labs by 2004
Basic USNA’sat
Ham Radio TNC
Terminal Node Controller
$180
Transmitter Tests
Power out
Efficiency
Temperature
Spectrum and EMI
Receiver Tests
Demodulation - FSK
All Seven Student LABsats on the air
Sharing a single TDMA channel
Using FSK for demodulation
Demodulation - PSK
LABsat configured as HF to UHF linear transponder
Indoor LABsat RX
PSK-31 Waterfall Spectrum display on Student’s workstation
Command-Control-Telemetry Ground Stations
Laptop Ground Stations for PCSAT’s, ANDE, RAFT, etc
USNA Satellite Lab/Ground Station
Satellite and communications LabsSatellite Design Projects
Bob Bruninga, Ground Station Engineer
RAFT
PCSAT
MIDSTAR
Satellite Design Projects
NATSweb – 1st Sea-Launch (1997 scrubbed in last week!)
PCsat – Launched Athena 30 Sept 2001Sapphire -- Launched Athena 30 Sept 2001 PCSAT2 – STS-114 26 Jul 06 return to flightARISS – Launched on Progress Aug 2003ANDE – STS-116 21 Dec 06
RAFT1 – STS-116 21 Dec 06MARScom – STS-116 21 Dec 06MIDSTAR - STP-1 9 Mar 07ParkinsonSAT – Commenced Fall 2006
Low-Cost Satellite Design Projects
NATSweb – $ 2k 1st Sea-Launch (1997 scrubbed in last week!)
PCsat – $30k Launched Athena 30 Sept 2001
Sapphire - $?? Launched Athena 30 Sept 2001
PCSAT2 – $35k STS-114 26 Jul 06 return to flight
ARISS – $ 2k Launched on Progress Aug 2003
ANDE – $35k Launched STS-116 21 Dec 06
RAFT1 – $15K Launched STS-116 21 Dec 06
MARScom – $15K Launched STS-116 21 Dec 06
MIDSTAR - $1.8M Launched Atlas-V Mar 07ParkinsonSAT –$50k Commenced Fall 2006
Satellite Design InvolvementPCsat 16 projectsGoodhiew 97, Morgan 98, Lundberg, Scrabeck, Gomez, Melanson, Kollar, Mattera, Ortiz 99 - Burroughs 99, Schwenzer, Nolan, Lawrence, Boutros 2000, Sullivan, Gutweiler 2001, Machinest: Mike Spencer
PCSAT2 8 projects
Otero, Silver, Jones, Kolwicz, Evans, and Henry(03) Operations: Paquette and Robeson(05)
ANDE 8 projectsAaron, Villalbi, and Weisenberg, Kelley, Keller, Harris(03), Patterson, & Ensign Sillman(02)
RAFT1 16 projects Robeson, Paquette (06) - Orloff, Kinzbrunner, and Rose(05) - Baker, Tuttle, Colvin (04)
Abbott, Atwater, Brandt, Hansen, McLean(03). And 3 in (02)
Midstar/ICsat 56 students over 8 years
ParkinsonSAT 21 projectsPapso, Edirisinghe, Icard, Meyer, Phillips(08), - Dendinger, Lewis, Lwin, Campbell, Sydney, Okun, Londono, Smythe, Lindsay, Mayer 07 -Koeppel, Lovick, Paquette, Piggrem, Robeson, Vandegriff (06)
OPERATIONS: EA-204 Intro to Astro (100 students / year). EA-467 Labs (30/yr)
USNA Constellation
PCsat, launched 30 Sept 2001
Team: 6 Students/yr, 2 Profs, 1 Engineer2200 Amateur Satellite Users
Still semi-operational
Current Status
Full recovery after each full-sun period.
Negative power budget due to fail-safe default RX/TX
PCsat Comms Mission
Data Relay (Situational Awareness) for Mobiles and Handheld radios. GPS tracking and LIVE to WEB
Blue Force Tracking
Typical PCsat User Station(Blue Force Tracking)
Typical Pass Display
Internet Linked Ground Stns
www.ariss.net pcsat.aprs.org
Internet Linked Ground Stns
www.ariss.net pcsat.aprs.org
Internet Linked Data Displays
www.ariss.net pcsat.aprs.org
PCsat “Student Operations”
Other Experiments through PCsat
Antarctic WX stationF-16 downed flyer demo (Rome Air Development Center)Arctic Tracking (trucks up frozen rivers >70º Latitude)ISS Joint Ops (2 weeks of constellation flying)USNA Marconi Re-enactment (St Johns Newfoundland)2200 other users worldwide
Air & Space Museum
Donated April 2004 to Smithsonian
For Display
At Dulles
Very short development time Simplicity and off the shelf Educational Project Communications service to Users Telemetry for Space Environment Configuration controlled on the ground
Bob Bruninga
US Naval Academy Satellite Lab
Amateur Satellite Service partnering with DOD and ARISS
PCSAT2, DOD synergy in the Amateur Satellite Service
40 Solar Cell Samples
Latest triple junction technology
NASA/Glen Solar Experiment
MISSE5 – PCSat2 – 26 July
Midshipmen involved in early integration and testing of PCSat2 electronics.
Two views of the initial deployment of MISSE/PCSat by astronaut Soichi Noguchi. It was installed 8 days after the launch of STS-114 (26 July 05)
Satellite Transponders
PCSAT2 LocationReturned August 2006 after a year’s exposure
Global Situational Awareness Network
Handheld
Mobile
Typical User Station
Encourage Schools and Students to get involved in Space
Tiny!
ANDE Satellite
Atmospheric DragUSNA CommsTelemetry - Temperature - Attitude - Laser Control
Joint Project with NRL
Primary Lithium Batteries
ANDE Deployment 21 Dec 2006
Initially FCAL separated from the container, but not ANDE
Radar returns later indicated ANDE separation
ANDE Satellite
ANDE Satellite
ANDE Satellite
Deployed
STS-116 Dec 06
ANDE, CAPE, ICU
RAFT Project (two Satellites)
RAFT-1 (~PCsat)
MARScom
NSSS Radar Fence
216.98 MHz
Stanford Cubesat Projects50 in construction!
AIAA/USU Conference
30% of all papers were related to CUBESATS
Simple LABsat TLM/CMD System
RAFT/MARScom Deployment(SSPL5510)
Stuff Stuff
NAVSPASUR Radar Fence
Daily Bistatic Radar Demonstrations
RAFT Deployment
RAFT Project (MARScom)
UHF AM up
HF SSB downlink
YP Radios
MIDSTAR Mission9 March 2007
Atlas-V EELV
ESPA Ring
ICsat & CFTP
Midn, Mems, Ncnu
S-band
No attitude control
USNA Satellite Lab/Ground Station
Satellite and communications LabsSatellite Design ProjectsGround Station OpsExtracurricular
Bob Bruninga, Ground Station Engineer
PCSAT-1, ANDE/RAFT
12 Meter (AO-40)
C/Ku TVRO (NASA TV)
Teleconferencing
Summer Seminars, Tours
AMSAT Tracking
PCSAT1/2 Telemetry
& Commanding
USNA Satellite Lab/Ground Station
RS0ISS>PP0PP0,SGATE,qAo: Go Army beat Navy!
PCSAT-1>APRS,SGATE,qAo: Go Navy Beat Army!
PCSAT2>APRS,SGATE,qAo: Go Navy Beat Army!
USNA Satellite Lab/Ground Station
Satellite and communications LabsGround Station OpsSatellite Design Projects
Extracurricular
Bob Bruninga, Ground Station Engineer
Other Activities
Space Day (Air&Space)
AMSAT (North America)
Marconi 100th (St Johns)
BSA RadioBadge
School Mentoring
Balloon Tracking
AMSAT OperationsAO-40 Rescue
- PCSAT2
USNA Extracurricular Activities
Annual Moonbounce Event
Football & Boat GPS Tracking, Comms, Imagry, Data, Internet
Imagry
W3ADO, oldest USNA ECA (1928)
Sea Trials
The comm channels can potentially draw from over 30,000 experimenters for easy assessment of loading and scaling issues.
Not only the sensors and users exist, but the global Internet collection and distribution system also exists from PCSAT1 & 2, ANDE and RAFT.
Our Satellites provide a low cost educational transponder supporting not only GPS position reporting but also remote WX stations and other data link experiments and other University and School Experiments.