Post on 18-Dec-2015
transcript
Utilizing the World Wide Web for Research
Linda MillsLibrary Media SpecialistGreensburg Elementary
lmills@venus.nethttp://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Library/index.htm
Why Research?
• Productive member of society• Life long learners (Information Power)• Develop a deep understanding of a subject• Create and share knowledge• Speak to an audience• Present a well reasoned point of view• Indiana Language Arts Standards
Digital Information
Fluency (DIF)• Ability to find, evaluate and use digital
information efficiently, effectively, and ethically
• DIF is knowing how digital information is different than print information
• Having the skills to use specialized tools• Developing the dispositions needed in
digital environment• http://21cif.imsa.edu
Research Models
• The Big6• Pathways to Knowledge• Research Cycle• Kids Connect Toolbox• Information Search Process• Savvy Seven• 8 W’s of Information Inquiry• Stripling Pitts Research Process
Big6 http://big6.com/
• 1. Task Definition• 1.1 Define the information
problem • 1.2 Identify information
needed • 2. Information Seeking
Strategies • 2.1 Determine all possible
sources • 2.2 Select the best sources• 3. Location and Access• 3.1 Locate sources
(intellectually and physically) • 3.2 Find information within
sources
• 4. Use of Information• 4.1 Engage (e.g., read,
hear, view, touch) • 4.2 Extract relevant
information • 5. Synthesis• 5.1 Organize from multiple
sources • 5.2 Present the information • 6. Evaluation• 6.1 Judge the product
(effectiveness) • 6.2 Judge the process
(efficiency)
Pathways to Knowledge http://www.sparkfactor.com/clients/follett/home.html
• Appreciation and EnjoymentExamine the world.
• PresearchDevelop an overview; explore relationships
• SearchIdentify information providers; select information resources; seek relevant information
• InterpretationInterpret information
• CommunicationApply information; share new knowledge
• EvaluationEvaluate process and product
Research Cycle by Jamie Mckenzie
http://questioning.org • QUESTIONING • PLANNING • GATHERING • SORTING & SIFTING • SYNTHESIZING • EVALUATING • REPORTING*
Information Search Processhttp://www.asis.org/Bulletin/Feb-99/kuhlthau.html
• Initiation• Selection• Exploration • Formulation• Collection• Presentation
Savvy Sevenhttp://www.davidvl.org/savvy7.html
• What is the Question? • What Resources Should I Use? • How Do I Find the Information? • How Do I Gather the Information? • Which Information Do I Use?• How Do I Share What I Learned?. • How Do I Evaluate My Work?
8 W’s by Annette Lambhttp://eduscapes.com/tap/topic71.htm
• Watching (Exploring) • Wondering (Questioning)• Webbing (Searching)• Wiggling (Evaluating) • Weaving (Synthesizing) • Wrapping (Creating)• Waving (Communicating)• Wishing (Assessing)
Pitts/Striplinghttp://witloof.sjsu.edu/courses/250.loertscher/modelstrip.html
• Step 1:Choose a broad topic.• Step 2:Get an overview of the topic.• Step 3:Narrow the topic.• Step 4:Develop a thesis or statement of purpose.
Step 5:Formulate questions to guide research.Step 6:Plan for research and production.Step 7:Find / Analyze / Evaluate sources.Step 8:Evaluate evidence / Take notes / Compile bibliography.Step 9:Establish conclusions / Organize information into an outline.Step 10:Create and present final product.
Using Books
• Books used first as a basic of knowledge
• Maybe a picture book• Maybe a non fiction book• Maybe a group of books• Background knowledge needed for
elementary students
Don’t make young students search
(especially in beginning)
Doesn’t come naturally even if they are Digital Natives and not Digital Immigrants http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky%20-%20Digital%20Natives,%20Digital%20Immigrants%20-%20Part1.pdf
• Need to be taught how to search• Need to be taught how to evaluate
Various tools to use and talk about for research
• Pathfinders• Noodletools• Various other sources• Online encyclopedias• United Streaming
What is a Pathfinder?
• Around since the ‘70s to help library users navigate resources
• Establishes a plan of action• Now Web-based and even more necessary!• Sharable 24/7 • Scalable—makes teachers’ and librarians’
advice vastly available• Models selection, evaluation, strategies, and
balance!
Why Pathfinders for
Students?• So they won’t miss the really good stuff! • Promote a wide and balanced range of
relevant resources• Multiple formats/Displays range of information
choices• Self-efficacy may discourage exploration• Can students discern quality?• Move students from reliance on free Web or
their favorite search engine
Pathfinders also……
• Inspire thoughtful, comprehensive research
• Have annotations• Select only the best• Have broad spectrum of resources• Have been evaluated by someone• Are entry point to the oral defense
Pathfinders
• Help navigate through a wealth of search choices and resources by developing a path for a student to follow
• Examples and template for a pathfinder http://mciu.org/~spjvweb/pathmenu.html
• My webpage – Go to Presentations http://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Library/index.htm
Noodletools
• Helps develop research skills• Bibliography maker• Helps develop search strategies• Articles about research• Location www.noodletools.com
Links
My webpage: http://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Library/index.htm
Find these under Presentations and then Utilizing the Worldwide Web for Research
WebQuests
• Inquiry oriented activity• Information is drawn from web• Focus on using information and
synthesizing it, NOT searching for it
• http://webquest.sdsu.edu/
Need to teach students to:
• Evaluate sites• How to be safe on the Internet• How to choose keywords• How to not plagiarize
Kathy Schrock
• Sponsored by Discovery School• Rich in grade level appropriate
materials• Searching terminology• Evaluation skills • http://school.discovery.com/
schrockguide/
Evaluating Web sites
• Author’s expertise• Publisher reliable• Links from author’s page• Reliable pages link to this page• Information from traditional sources• Updated or published• Information accurate• Bias in perspective• Evidence in support
Quick
• Quality Information Checklist• United Kingdom• 8 step evaluation guide and online
quiz• http://www.quick.org.uk
Cyberbee
• Rich site with a variety of materials• Evaluation guide• Research tools• Web projects• www.cyberbee.com/guides.html
CyberSmart!www.cybersmartcurriculum.org/home
• Useful site for teaching children how to use the Internet effectively and safely.
• Learn to evaluate and cite the web sites • Developed by McMillian/McGraw Hill • Designed for K-8• Includes lesson plans, teacher support
materials and ISTE NETS alignment
Great Sites Selection Criteria
• American Library Association• Selection criteria for Great Sites• Four evaluation points:
authorship/sponsorship; purpose; design/stability; and content.
• http://www.ala.org/parentspage/greatsites/criteria.html
Illinois Mathematics and Science
Academy• Information fluency tips• Copyright information• Locating resources• Evaluating resources• Search challenges modules• http://21cif.imsa.edu
“If people believe that they have searched the entire Internet when they run a search on a search engine, they are sadly mistaken—they are only seeing a subset of what is available.”
Vint Cerf, Financial Times, 12/5/01
Premise
What is the Invisible Web?
• ‘Stuff’ that search engine crawlers cannot or will not add to their databases.
• Two to 50 times larger than the visible Web
• Invisible Web resources often much higher quality than the visible Web
• Great article by Chris Sherman entitled “The Invisible Web: Uncovering Sources Search Engines Can’t See” in Library Trends
Web sites explained
• Deep Web refers to everything else.• Surface Web refers to Internet resources
indexed by general search engines.• Invisible Web refers to Internet resources
accessible only by specialized search tools.• Opaque Web refers to Internet resources that
are unlinked.• Dark Web refers to Internet resources that are
off limits except to the privileged few.
Non cost sites (Invisible sites)
• INSPIRE--free to ALL people in Indiana
• Databases of magazine resources• http://inspire.net
Online Encylopedias
• Encyclopedia(s)• Atlas• Dictionary• Search features• Videos--Animations--Magazines
Try onehttp://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Library/encyclope
dia.htm
• Groliers:ID: greensburg password:
home
• World BookID: greensburg password:
home
United Streaming
http://www.unitedstreaming.com/
• Great way to get full length videos• Great way to get snippets of
videos• Lots of images• Can use on computer for whole
class• Students can use individually
New vocabulary
What is Web 2.0?• Blogs, podcast, wikis, webinar,
video broadcasting, music files, photo sharing
Examples of Student Research
• Penguins• Continents• Animals/Biomes• Scientists• Space• Lewis and Clark
Locating resources• Don’t waste time searching for things • Search familiar print sources online• Use unique terms• Use +, - and””operators to narrow search• Consider spelling variations on search• Search best sites in depth• Refine your search strategy• Use synonyms• Focus on format• Search the invisible web
What? No Google? Instead
use……• Directories or Kid Search Engines• Reference sites• Specific subject areas• Teacher sites• Maps and Cams• Pathfinders• WebQuests
Integrating digital content into projects
• Respect copyright laws• Use the browser’s find feature• Use bookmarks/favorites to organize
documents• Create an annotated URL list• Cite internet documents correctly• Incorporate text from the web in reports
and presentations• Incorporate images• Publish educational information using web
pages
Remember….
• Teach research model to be effective.• Use pathfinders• Evaluate information• Teach students to be good consumers• Explore sites in depth• Use site map• Important information may be just a click
away
Becoming Researchers
• Prepare yourself for change• Teach students directly• Teach the teachers• Propose a research model for your
school or situation• Gain administrative support