Victory and Defeat in Victory and Defeat in the Greek World the Greek World Chapter 5 Section 3 Chapter 5 Section 3

Things to keep in mindThings to keep in mind

What were the results of the Persian and Peloponnesian wars?

Why did Athens enjoy a Golden age under Pericles?

What led to the outbreak of the Peloponnesian wars?

The Persian WarsThe Persian Wars Athens was the wealthiest Greek

City-State by 500 B.C. Threat came the Persians Look at the map on page 113

Athens (the Acropolis)

Marathon

Persian Emperor Darius sent a large force to punish Athens.

Persian Army landed at Marathon Athenian forces were outnumbered

2-1 Athenians forced the Persians to

retreat

The run of PheidippidesThe run of Pheidippides

Carried news of the Victory to Athens

26.2 Miles Marathon Died when he reached

Athens

Predicting the futurePredicting the future

Themistocles, the leader of Athens, urged Athens to build a fleet of warships to prepare for future attacks

Xerxes sends more Xerxes sends more troopstroops

The son of Darius sends more troops from the Persian Empire

Athens had joined forces with Sparta to prevent a loss to the Persian Empire

ThermopylaeThermopylae A small mountain pass guarded by

a small Spartan force Spartan force led by King Leonidas Held for a long period of time but

could not withstand the force of the Persian Army

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJZ-STX0x0c (view a movie scene from 300)

Persians march on

Attack and burn Athens, but no one is there

Athens retreated to safety

Themistocles was right

Using the fleet he had urged them to build, the Athenians defeated the Persian fleet in the Straight of Salamis

Athens defeated the Persians 1 year later

Athens and Sparta defeated the Persian threat

Xerxes was sure of victory. He had his throne placed on a hill overlooking the sea, in part to savor his victory and in part so his commanders would know that their king was watching them.

      

Results of the Persian War

Increased their belief in their superiority

Athens was the most powerful city-state

Greece is still worried about the Persian Empire

Delian LeagueDelian League Made up of Greek City States who

wanted to protect themselves from Persia

Athens dominated the League Moved the Treasury from Delos to

Athens Used Delian League $ to rebuild

their city

The Delian LeagueThe Delian League

The Age of PericlesThe Age of Pericles Golden Age for Athens Thriving economy and increased

democracy Athenians had a Direct Democracy Rebuilt the Acropolis With the help of Aspasia, Pericles

turned Athens into the center of Greek Culture

Greeks vs. GreeksGreeks vs. Greeks

Resentment of the Power of Athens causes Sparta and other Greek countries to form the Peloponnesian League

Peloponnesian government = Oligarchy

Delian government = Democracy A 27 year war was about to start

The Peloponnesian WarThe Peloponnesian War

Athens had a geographic disadvantage: Sparta was located inland

Good thought. Bad Good thought. Bad Result.Result.

In an attempt to save the people outside the city, Pericles allows everyone inside the walls of Athens

The Plague strikes as a result of the overcrowding

Bad leadershipBad leadership

The Plague kills Pericles himself Power Struggles in Athens

undermined the cities Democratic Government

Did not see this one Did not see this one comingcoming

Sparta allies itself with The Persian Empire

The Spartans defeat Athens

Sparta after the WarSparta after the War

Will lose to Thebes, another Greek city-state A new power is rising in Macedonia