How did we get to the point that modern concrete roads began to build and the

role of GDDKiA in this process

6 – 08.06.2016 Tallinn Wacław Michalski

Criteria selection for pavement technologyCriteria selection for pavement technologyin bidding with GDDKiAin bidding with GDDKiA

Sum of roads in Poland

• Total in State 371 865,2 km• National (state) 19 292,9 km• Municipal road 143 239,3 km • Rural road 209 333,0 km

In construction Perspective 2015 – 2023 a total of 4522 km of state roads to be constructed.

2498 fixed plan 2024 in reserve (Including motorways 1820 km)

Multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA)

• Traffic density analysis• Noise analysis• Advantages and disadvantages analysis• Life cost analysis• Cost of materials analysis

Density of traffic analysis

Scenarios of concrete pavement segments in relation to forecasted traffic density by 2023:

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5

4

3

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% share of concrete pavement roads in the total sum of roads after 2023

% share of concrete pavement roads planned in the Construction Perspective 2016-2023

Length of concrete pavement roads for the forecast levels (km)

Concrete Perspective Plan

Forecasted heavy vehicle levels for 2023

Level 4 : >3 k vehicles p/d

Level 2 : >5 k vehicles p/d

Level 5 : >2 k vehicles p/d

Level 3 : >4 k vehicles p/d

Level 1 : >6 k vehicles p/d

Proposed concrete pavement road fragments by 2023.

Forecasted traffic of heavy vehicles for 2036 (per day)

Comparative Noise Analysis

Source: Gardziejczyk, W. (Drogownictwo 10/2014) Wpływ technologii wykonania warstwy ścieralnej na poziom hałasu od przejeżdżających pojazdów, Politechnika Białostocka

Tests illustrated by below chart were conducted by Technical University in Białystok.

Concrete type BC WZ generates noise levels almost identical to low noise asphalt.

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AA AA AA AA AAAAAABB BB

Czech Experience

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Noise AnalysisThe results of german tests concur with the position of European Concrete Paving Assaciation (EUPAVE) on concrete pavements as outlined in their 2009 publication, showing that certain techniques of preparing concrete pavement have the ability to reduce noise levels.

Source: Stefan Hoeller, BASt, Concrete Pavement Design and Construction in Germany; October 2012

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cc

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AsphaltPavement

Cement Concrete Pavement

Sustainable development

Asphalt pavement

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• Sensitivity to high and low temperatures.

• Dark shade surface requiring a higher usage of street lighting.

• Higher construction costs versus concrete pavements.

• Necessity of laying in layers (3-4).• High energy consumption in

construction (hot laying).• Toxic fumes during construction

(confirmed cancer studies).

• Flexibility of surface during temporary overload.

• Fully recyclable.• Good traction – high roughness.• Greater experience in quality testing

of pavement condition. • Ability to conduct quick maintenance

and small repairs.

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Cement concrete pavement

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• High resistance to high and low temperatures.

• Ability to complete the entire construction in one process.

• High rigidity of pavement in response to longterm heavy loads, especially in high temperatures.

• Fully recyclable.• Greater longevity. Lower

maintenance costs.• Brighter color surface – lower cost

of street lighting.• Cold laying – no fumes.

• Sensitivity for low quality materials.

• Required longitudinal and transversal joints.

• Necessary periodical replacement of joints.

• Partial (small) damage to plates require the replacement of the entire plate.

• No tolerance for mistakes.

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Higher cost of construction ?Construction costs comparison – concrete vs asphalt

Sorce: European Concrete Paving Association ”Concrete roads: A smart and sustainable choice”

Life Cost Analysis LCA

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Beton Beton

AsfaltAsfalt

Higher cost of construction ?

Czech experience

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Czech experience

Czech experience

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Maintenance cost analysis

Sorce: Functional Properties of Concrete Roads – Malin Löfsjögård , Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden

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Asfalt

Asfalt

Nawierzchnia betonowa

Analysis of price fluctuationPrices comparision between heating oil, cement and bitumen in 1969-2009 in relation to crude oil prices :

Źródło: European Concrete Paving Association ”Concrete roads: A smart and sustainable choice”

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Asfalt

Cement

January 2009r.January 1969r.

Cost of bitumen analysis - Report OIGD

Sorce: Arcata Partners: Ewolucja cen asfaltów oraz wrażliwość firm budownictwa drogowo-mostowego na ceny materiałów, kwiecień 2012

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January 2009r. December 2012r.

Bid Pricing Comparison

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Asfalt

Beton

Conclusion

At last, approximately 810 km of roads in concrete technology have been aproved to realisation:

73 % pavement in bituminus technology

and

27 % pavement in cement concrete will be executed.

In 2023 the total length of express roads constructed in concrete technology in Poland, including the existing concrete pavement roads (572 km), will constitute approx. 26% of all express roads.

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Proposed concrete pavement segments in national road network by 2023

THANK YOUTHANK YOU

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Q & AQ & A