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Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
(CRA-W)
Meteorological data and lateblight
modeling
Version 25/04/2014
China-Europe Workshop of Potato Sustainable and Efficient Productions
Harbin, 24th of July 2015 Damien Rosillon
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
CRA-W : Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
• A public agricultural research centre based in Belgium
• Multidisciplinary research institution
• CRA-W it is
• 500 people
• 300 ha of facilities
• 3 sites
• 16 research units
• 4 research departments
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
CRA-W : Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
Breeding and biodiversity Unit
Farming systems, Territory
and Information
Technology Unit
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Architecture of a warning system
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
CRA-W’s Automatic weather stations network
• 38 automatic weather stations on an area
of 16.844 km²
• 1 weather station for 440 km²
• Average distance between stations : 30 km
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Automatic weather stations network
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
A weather station
7
Raingauge
Ground surface
temperature probe
Wind vane
Air temperature and
relative humidity sensor
Anemometer
Pyranometer
Soil temperature
probe (- 20 cm)
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Automatic weather stations network
• « An automatic weather station is automatic. After its
installation nothing more to do. »
• Wrong!
• Clogged raingauge
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Automatic weather stations network
• « An automatic weather station is automatic. After its
installation nothing more to do. »
• Wrong!
• Blokked raingauge
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Automatic weather stations network
• « An automatic weather station is automatic. After its
installation nothing more to do. »
• Wrong!
• Dust on relative humidity sensor
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Automatic weather stations network
• « An automatic weather station is automatic. After its
installation nothing more to do. »
• Wrong!
• « Hostile » environment
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
• Developpement of a model based on Guntz and Divoux
principles
• Based on past weather data
• Helps the expert to interpret meteorological data.
• Are the meteorological conditions favourable to late blight
development?
• It helps to decide if spraying fungicide is useful or not
• Outputs : a potential infection or fructification periods
• Detection of periods favourable to the infection
• Estimate of the infection gravity
• Measurment of the length of the incubation phase
• Detection of the day where the fructification phase can
happen
Late blight modeling
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Late blight modeling
Infection and level ofgravity
rainfall
Incubation curve
RH curve
T° curve
Cumulateddaily rainfall
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Impact of meteorological data on model outputs• Impact of a slight malfunction of a relative humidity sensor on
the amount of simulated infections
• Scenario 1 : regular situation
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Impact of meteorological data on model outputs
• Underestimation of 5% of RH measurements
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Impact of meteorological data on model outputs
• Overestimation of 5% on RH measurements
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Impact of meteorological data on model outputs
• Model outputs is higlhy dependant on meteorological data
• Wrong meteorological data can lead to wrong decision
• Reliable meteorological data are crucial for a reliable late
blight warning system
• maintenance of weather stations network is crucial
• Maintenance of the site
• Frequent recalibration of the sensors
• …
• meteorological data must be validated
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Meteorological data management
• 40 stations
• 6 sensors per station
• 1 record / hour
• 5760 data a day
• 2.102.400 data a year
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Validation tools : step 1 data check
• Step 1 : Data check : identification of missing or wrong data
• Automatic procedures :• Check if data every hour
• Check by thresholds
• Impossible to entirely automate validation. Automatic procedures are
completed with « human » procedures
• « Human » procedures :• Visual analysis
• Monthly indicators
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Validation tools : step 1 data check
• Human procedures – daily maps
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Validation tools : step 1 data check
• Human procedures – graphic analysis
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1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161 171 181 191 201 211 221 231 241
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Validation tools : step 1 data check
• Human procedures – monthly indicators
region station indic tsa indic_hra indic_ens_cuminc_plu indic_missing
haute_belgique Libramont -0,2 0% 30% 2% 0%
haute_belgique Michamps -0,1 -3% 40% -22% 0%
haute_belgique Amberloup 0 0% -99% 1% 14%
haute_belgique Bergeval 0,7 0% 19% 9% 0%
haute_belgique Willerzie -0,2 3% 10% 9% 0%
haute_belgique MOYENNE 0 0% 0% 0% 3%
gaume Chassepierre 0,1 2% -5% 22% 0%
gaume Schockville -0,4 0% 6% -16% 0%
gaume Ruette 0,4 -2% 0% -6% 0%
gaume MOYENNE 0 0% 0% 0% 0%
intermediaire Chimay 0 0% 2% 1% 0%
intermediaire Ferrieres -0,5 -4% -14% -4% 0%
intermediaire Haut-le-Wastia 0 3% 16% -7% 0%
intermediaire Jemelle -0,1 2% -1% 2% 0%
intermediaire Seny 1 -5% -14% -19% 0%
intermediaire Jevoumont -0,4 4% 12% 26% 0%
intermediaire MOYENNE 0 0% 0% 0% 0%
moyenne_belgiqueLouvain-la-Neuve 0,3 -4% 13% -34% 0%
moyenne_belgiqueFloriffoux -0,7 2% 1% -16% 0%
moyenne_belgiqueLeuze -0,1 -5% -2% -18% 0%
Indicateurs
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Validation tools : step 1 data check
• June 2013
• Human procedures – monthly indicators
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Validation tools : step 1 data check
• Human procedures – monthly indicators
• August 2013
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Validation tools : step 2 data correction
• Step 2 : Correction
• Integrated tools to correct the data• Linear interpolation
• Spatial interpolation
• Data translation
Validated meteorological data are sent to the model
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Next steps
• « Field scale » decision support system• Virtual weather stations network
• Use of grid data
• GIS technics
Source : Racca Paolo et al., « Decision
Support Systems in Agriculture :
Administration of Meteorological Data,
Use of GIS and Validation methods in
crop protection warning service ».
ZEPP Germany
• Weather forecast integration
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Conclusions
• What ever the source of the data :• Observation from weather station network
• Grid data
• Weather forecast
• Quality weather data are crucial for a quality decision support
system
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
• Websites :
• www.pameseb.be (weather station network website)
• www.cra.wallonie.be
• Damien Rosillon : d.rosillon@cra.wallonie.be
• +32 61231010
Contact
Walloon Agricultural Research CentreAgriculture and Natural Environment Department
Farming systems, Territory and Information Technology Unitwww.cra.wallonie.be
Thank you for your attention