Warm Mix Asphalt · Office of Pavement Technology Projects Warm Mix Asphalt Projects Location Mix...

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Federal Highway AdministrationOffice of Pavement TechnologyOffice of Pavement Technology

Warm Mix AsphaltWarm Mix Asphalt

Technical Working Group MeetingMarriott Hunt Valley Inn

Baltimore, MDDec. 12-13, 2007

Warm Mix AsphaltCharacterization

Binder PropertiesBinder PropertiesMixture PropertiesMixture Properties

AcknowledgementsMatt Corrigan – Program Manager

Jagan Guddimettla – Mix Project EngineerSatish Belagutti – Binder Project EngineerRaj Dongré – DLS, IncJustin Tesch – Mix TechJoshua Thompson – Mix TechDavid Heidler – Binder TechDarnel Jackson – Binder Tech

TFHRC GroupNelson GibsonScott ParobeckFrank Davis

ProjectsWarm Mix Asphalt Projects

Location Mix Design Lab Compaction Level, gyrations

Base Binder Grade

Technologies

Hall St, St. Louis, MO 12.5mm Superpave 100 PG 70-22

Aspha-Min Evotherm Sasobit

I-70 w of Eisenhower Tunnel, Frisco, CO

9.5mm Superpave 75 PG 58-28

Advera Evotherm Sasobit

E Entrance Rd, Yellowstone National Park, WY

19mm Hveem 75 PG 58-34 Advera

Sasobit

FHWA Power Chart12.5 mm Superpave, MO 0672

1912.59.54.752.361.180.60.30.0750

Sieve Size Raised to 0.45 Power

JMFMaximum Density LinePCS

FHWA Power Chart9.5mm Superpave, CO0777

1912.59.54.752.361.180.60.30.0750

0 .0 4 .0

Maximum Density LineProduction Average

FHWA Power Chart19 mm Hveem, WY 0778

0.075 0.3 0.6 1.18 2.36 4.75 9.5 12.5 25190.0

Maximum Density Line

Binder Characterization

Objective

• Evaluate the effects of three Warm Mix process namely Sasobit, Aspha-Min and Evotherm on M320-Table 2 Performance Grade

• To Compare the Performance Grades of Warm Mix processes with the base asphalt used in preparing warm mix asphalts

Study Approach

• Experiment Design– Base Asphalt PG 70-22– Base Asphalt + 1.5% Sasobit– Base Asphalt + 5.26% Aspha-Min– Evotherm – (emulsion)

Hall St, St. Louis, MOM320 ContinuousPerformance Grade

M320, Table 2Performance Grade

Additive Rate, by wt of binder

Base 70.9 70.9 –– 24.824.8 70 70 -- 2222

Sasobit 76.5 76.5 –– 22.822.8 76 76 -- 2222 1.5%

Aspha-Min 72.4 72.4 –– 24.624.6 70 70 -- 2222 5.26%

Evotherm -recovered

(ASTM D 6934)66.6 66.6 –– 26.726.7 64 64 -- 2222

Hall St, St. Louis, MO

-24.8 -22.8 -24.6

70.9 76.5 72.4

Base Asphalt Sasobit Aspha-min

Asphalt Binders

High TemperatureLow Temperature

PG Comparison - Evotherm

-23.3 -25.9 -26.6 -26.7

70.1 68.2 67.6 66.6

BASF Method-BASF BASF Method-FHWA British ASTM D6934

Asphalt Binders

I-70, Frisco, COM320 ContinuousPerformance Grade

Base 59.9 59.9 –– 30.330.3 58 58 –– 2828

Sasobit 64.2 64.2 –– 29.229.2 64 64 –– 2222 1.5%

Aspha-Min 61.1 61.1 –– 30.930.9 58 58 –– 2828

Advera 60.7 60.7 –– 30.430.4 58 58 -- 2828 4.33%

Evotherm NO DATANO DATA

I-70, Frisco, CO

-30.3 -29.2 -30.4 -30.9

59.9 64.2 60.7 61.1

Base Sasobit Advera Asphamin Evotherm

Asphalt Binders

East Entrance Rd, Yellowstone, WY

M320 ContinuousPerformance Grade

Base 60.2 60.2 –– 34.134.1 58 58 –– 2828

Sasobit 65.1 65.1 –– 32.032.0 64 64 –– 2828 1.5%

Advera 61.2 61.2 –– 33.233.2 58 58 –– 2828 5.2%

East Ent Rd, Yellowstone, CO

-34.1 -32 -33.2

60.2 65.1 61.2

Base Sasobit Advera

Asphalt Binders

Findings

• Sasobit – increase of 1 high temp grade • Aspha-Min - no impact on PG grade• Evotherm - recovered at BASF, no effect on the

PG • Evotherm - recovered from the stored emulsion

was reduced by one grade

Findings• Emulsion recovery processes had no effect on

the PG. The PGs from all three recovery methods were found to be the same.

• ASTM D6934 was found to be the quickest and easiest process to recover the Evotherm residue from emulsion.

Mixture Characterizations

Objectives

• When should performance specimens be tested

• What are the effects of reheating on performance test properties

• Approach– Immediate Testing– Delayed Testing– Reheated Testing

St. Louis Paving Schedule

• Control (12.5mm PG 70-22) – 5/17/06• Sasobit – 5/18/06• Sasobit – 5/19/06• Evotherm – 5/22/06• Evotherm – 5/23/06• Aspha-Min – 5/25/06

Sampling

• IMMEDIATE Testing– Next day after manufacture

• Truck bed ≈ every 2hrs of production– Volumetric

• Pb – Ignition• Gmm• Gmb

– SPT; TSR; Hamburg

Sampling

• DELAYED Testing– 2-3 weeks after manufacture

• Truck bed ≈ every 2 hrs of production– Volumetric

• Pb – Ignition• Gmm• Gmb

– SPT; TSR; Hamburg

Sampling

• REHEATED (TFHRC)• 1~2 tons

– 15 – 5 gallon buckets– SPT; TSR; Hamburg

• Nelson Gibson - TFHRC

• 6 nights - 366 specimens

Dynamic Modulus (E*)

• Test Temperatures– 4.4º C (40º F)– 21.1º C (70º F)– 37.8º C (100º F)– 54.4º C (130º F)

• Frequency Sweep– 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 25 Hz

Master Curve – Arrenhius Fit

1.E-10 1.E-08 1.E-06 1.E-04 1.E-02 1.E+00 1.E+02 1.E+04 1.E+06

Reduced Time, sec

4.4° C 21.1° C37.8° C 54.4° CFit

0.1 Hz1 Hz5 Hz25 Hz

E* - Master CurveHall St, St. Louis, MO

100000

1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05

Reduced Time, sec

Control - ImmediateControl - DelayedControl - Reheated

100000

1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05

Reduced Time, sec

Sasobit - ImmediateSasobit - DelayedSasobit - Reheated

100000

1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05

Reduced Time, sec

Evotherm - ImmediateEvotherm - DelayedEvotherm - Reheated

100000

1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05

Reduced Time, sec

Aspha-Min - ImmediateAspha-Min - DelayedAspha-Min - Reheated

E* - Master CurveI-70, Frisco, CO

100000

1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05

Reduced Time, sec

Control MixAdveraSasobit

E* - Master CurveE. Entrance Rd, Yellowstone, WY

Pb - 5.3%, Mix Design Replication

100000

1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05

Reduced Time, sec

Control Mix Advera

Sasobit

E* - Master CurveE. Entrance Rd, Yellowstone, WY

Average WMA Production

100000

1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05

Reduced Time, sec

Control Mix Advera

Sasobit

Flow Number, Fn

• Test Temperatures– LTTPBind, Version 3.1 Software– Site pavement temperature @ 50% Reliability

• Pvmt Temp, ± 6° C

Flow Number, Fn

Hall Street, St. Louis, MO• Test Temperatures

– 46º C (115º F)– 52º C (126º F)– 58º C (136º F)

• Loading– 600 kPa – Deviator Stress– 0 kPa – Confining Pressure

Flow Number, FnImmediate and Delayed Test Specimens

Contro

obit T

ha - M

Evothe

Contro

obit T

ha - M

46° C 52° C 58° C

Flow Number, Fn

Immediate and Delayed Test Specimens

Contro

obit T

ha - M

Evothe

Contro

obit T

ha - M

46° C 52° C 58° C

Flow Number, Fn

I-70 - Frisco, CO• Test Temperatures

– 36º C (97º F)– 42º C (108º F)– 48º C (118º F)

• Loading– 689 kPa (100 psi) – Deviator Stress– 69 kPa (10 psi) – Confining Pressure

Flow Number, Fn

Control Advera Sasobit Evotherm

36° C 42° C 48° C

Flow Number, Fn

Control Advera Sasobit Evotherm

36° C 42° C 48° C

East Entrance Rd - Yellowstone, WY• Test Temperatures

– 46º C (115º F)– 52º C (126º F)– 58º C (136º F)

• Loading– 689 kPa (100 psi) – Deviator Stress– 69 kPa (10 psi) – Confining Pressure

Flow Number, Fn

Findings

• Immediate vs Delayed Testing– Evotherm & Aspha-Min

• Performance testing - delayed after specimen manufacture

– Sasobit• Performance testing can be conducted

immediately after specimen manufacture

Courtesy of the FHWA Mobile Asphalt Laboratories

Warm Mix Asphalt · Office of Pavement Technology Projects Warm Mix Asphalt Projects Location Mix...

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