Post on 21-Dec-2015
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Waste Battery Recycling ProgramEthan Pham. MBA, PhD Student
Walden University
HUMN-8165-10/PUBH-8165-10 Environmental Health Instructor: Dr, Howard Rubin
Agenda
Introduction : Environmental hazards of batteries
The risk factor to landfills and environmental health
Different types of household batteries Mortality and symptoms caused by waste
batteries Waste batteries overseas (China) Where and how to recycle your batteries 3 Missions and strategy Conclusion
Introduction Americans use nearly 3
billion dry-cell batteries Averages about 32 per
family or 10 per person.
batteries contain heavy metals:
Alkaline/manganese, carbon-zinc, mercuric-oxide, zinc-air, silver-oxide,
For button batteries: Lead-acid, nickel-
cadmium, and potentially nickel-hydrogen
Source: Universal Waste – Used Batteries Environmental Fact sheet
Different types of household batteries
Most popular household batteries: Alkaline
Manganese (coppertop alkaline) AAA, AA, C, D, 6V,9V
Button Mercuric oxide, Silver Oxide, Lithium Alkaline,
Zinc-Air Sizes are vary
Risk factor to landfills and environmental health
Lakes, streams, and rivers may be contaminated
Heavy metals may leach from solid waste in landfills.
Lead and acid exposure to drinking water Corrosive acids may cause burns to eyes or
skin
What happens with improper waste battery disposal ?
The risk of Improper Battery Disposal Cadmium
Serious cause cancers
The risk of Lead Acid Contamination Animals contaminated with lead metals Lead poisoning infection in children The possible development of lung cancer through
the respiratory system Digestive disorders and damages to the skin’s
condition
Improper Disposal of Waste Batteries in China Lack of Governmental Support
Lack of Regulation by corruption Lack of Public Awareness and Participation
Lack of human rights and education Lack of Proper Storage and Sorting
Facilities Poor technology and resources Lack of Advanced Recycling Techniques
Source: APCHW
Symptoms caused by Waste Batteries
Waste batteries: Mercury poisoning to people
Damages the Central Nervous System (CNS) Mortality rate as high as 40%
Major hazards of cadmium renal toxicity Causes Itai-itai disease
Osteoporosis, rickets, and fractures
Source :sooperarticles
Federal regulation WAC 173-303-081 A waste will be designated as a dangerous waste and assigned a "P" or "U" code if it is
handled in any of the manners described in (e) of this subsection, and if it is a residue from the management of:
(a) A commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate (see definition in WAC 173-303-040) which has the generic name listed in the discarded chemical products list, WAC 173-303-9903;
(b) An off-specification commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate which if it had met specifications would have the generic name listed in the discarded chemical products list, WAC 173-303-9903;
(c) Any containers, inner liners, or residue remaining in a container or in an inner liner removed from a container that has held any commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate that has, or any off-specification commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate which if it had met specifications would have, the generic name listed on the "P" or "U" discarded chemical products list of WAC 173-303-9903, unless the containers or inner liners are empty as described in WAC 173-303-160(2);
Source: apps
EPA Regulation
What Are the Waste Management Requirements for Small Quantity Handlers of Universal Waste Batteries? 40 CFR 273.13(a)
Source: EPA Regulation
Mission 1
Recycling companies Must provide retail stores with battery
containers Prove method of the recycling system to
Public Environmental Health Cooperate with local government as needed
Mission 2
Family household members should participate with battery recycling programs.
Save batteries in a safe place Household members can purchase batteries
containers in any local business store. Drops off batteries at any retail business
stores Promotion recycling batteries by the receipt of
extra store refunds or coupons
Mission 3
Federal or local government inducements Deduct tax credits for retail businesses
Monitoring:
Environmental Health
Retails business
store
Household members
Recycle companies
Federal and local
government
Conclusions
Messages for Environmental of Pubic Health Local states and federal governments Marketing the waste batteries recycling
programs in communities On television, newspaper, radio, internet, etc.
Expand or rebuild recycling companies for waste batteries.
Very important: give small refunds for their participation.
Thank you
The law will make you destroy them accordingly.
If you can create and sell them successfully follow by the laws
References Apps(2011)Excluded categories of waste
http://apps.leg.wa.gov/WAC/default.aspx?cite=173-303-071 Dongjie, N. (2000)Recycling of lead-acid battery waste both from mining and
other industry. Third Asia-pacific Regional Workshop on Hazardous Waste Management in Mining Industry, APCHW, Beijing, September 4-8-2000
Adeq(2010).Universal Waste - Used Batteries Environmental Factsheet.12/22/2010 Retrieved from http://www.adeq.state.ar.us/ftproot/pub/pa/brochures_online/05_Hazardous%20Waste/Universal%20Waste%20Fact%20Sheet%20-%20Used%20Batteries.pdf
EPA(2011) Batteries http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/universal/batteries.htm
Docstor(2011). Recycling of lead acid battery waste both from mining and other.01/16/2011 retrieved from http://www.docstoc.com/docs/19683816/recycling-of-lead-acid-battery-waste-both-from-mining-and-other.
Ehso(2010)Environment, Health and Safety Online.01/12/2011 retrieved from http://www.ehso.com/ehshome/batteries.php