WASTE : Linking the local and global crises WASTE : Linking the local and global crises Verona, May...

transcript

WASTE :WASTE : Linking the local and global Linking the local and global

crisescrises

VeronaVerona, May 25 2007, May 25 2007

Dr Paul ConnettDr Paul ConnettProfessor Emeritus of ChemistryProfessor Emeritus of Chemistry

St Lawrence University, Canton, NYSt Lawrence University, Canton, NY

PaulPaul@@AmericanAmericanHealthHealthStudies.Studies.oorgrg

My thanks to Rossano My thanks to Rossano Ercolini Ercolini (Ambiente (Ambiente Futuro)Futuro) for organizing for organizing my 29th visit to Italy my 29th visit to Italy

Rossano Ercolini Rossano Ercolini

Ambientefuturo@interfreAmbientefuturo@interfree.ite.it

338-28-66-215338-28-66-215

Il contesto generale Il contesto generale

All’età di 16 anni i ragazzi di oggi hanno già guardato

oltre 350.000 spot pubblicitari.

Paul Hawken The Ecology of Commerce

Viviamo su questo pianeta come se ne Viviamo su questo pianeta come se ne avessimo un altro su cui trasferirci…avessimo un altro su cui trasferirci…

Non possiamo continuare a vivere in Non possiamo continuare a vivere in una società “usa e getta” su un una società “usa e getta” su un

pianeta finitopianeta finito

This is colonialism in time! This is colonialism in time!

We are robbing our own children and We are robbing our own children and grandchildrengrandchildren

Con le discariche non facciamo altro che Con le discariche non facciamo altro che SOTTERRARESOTTERRARE le prove le prove

Gli inceneritori non fanno che Gli inceneritori non fanno che BRUCIARE BRUCIARE le prove le prove

Dobbiamo affrontare il vero problema …Dobbiamo affrontare il vero problema …

Il problema non è: Il problema non è: “come eliminare i rifiuti”, “come eliminare i rifiuti”, ma piuttostoma piuttostocome NON produrlicome NON produrli

Our task is to fight the Our task is to fight the throwaway ethic & throwaway ethic & over-consumptionover-consumption

Not only is Not only is over-consumption over-consumption

giving us a waste crisis giving us a waste crisis but also…but also…

Over-consumption is Over-consumption is giving us a Global giving us a Global crisis crisis

A LINEAR SOCIETYA LINEAR SOCIETY

We are imposing a linear society We are imposing a linear society on a planeton a planet

that functions in circlesthat functions in circles

Extraction ofExtraction ofVirginVirgin

MaterialsMaterials

Production ofProduction ofManufacturedManufactured

itemsitems

MaterialsMaterials

itemsitemsConsumptionConsumption

MaterialsMaterials

DiscardedDiscardedMaterialsMaterials

MaterialsMaterials

Solid wasteSolid waste

Air pollutionAir pollution

Water pollutionWater pollution

Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide

ENERGYENERGY

MaterialsMaterials

ENERGYENERGY ENERGYENERGY

MaterialsMaterials

INCINERATION & LANDFILLSINCINERATION & LANDFILLS

MaterialsMaterials

RECYCLING OF MATERIALSRECYCLING OF MATERIALS

MaterialsMaterials

REUSE OF OBJECTSREUSE OF OBJECTS

MaterialsMaterials

COMPOSTINGCOMPOSTING

Global warmingGlobal warming

LandfillLandfill IncinerationIncineration CompostingComposting

MethaneMethaneSLOWSLOW

Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxideFASTFAST

Carbon dioxide &Carbon dioxide &Some MethaneSome Methane

SLOWSLOW

Carbon dioxide &Carbon dioxide &Some MethaneSome Methane

SLOWSLOW

SequesteredSequesteredCarbonCarbon

AEA executive report waste climate change (Nov. 2002)

Gli studi della EU sul confronto dei sistemi di trattamenti dei RU residui

• Recycling• Composting• Mechanical biological treatment (MBT)• Anaerobic Digestion (AD) • Incineration• Landfill of untreated waste

Extract from summary report

Kg gas serra/tonnellata Rifiuti Kg gas serra/tonnellata Rifiuti UrbaniUrbani

Riciclaggio e compostaggioRiciclaggio e compostaggio -461-461

Trattamento Meccanico-Trattamento Meccanico-Biologico e stoccaggioBiologico e stoccaggio -366-366

TermovalorizzazioneTermovalorizzazione -10-10

Waste Management Options and Climate Change. AEA 2002

Arguments against incineration Emissioni tossiche nell’atmosfera

Produzione di ceneri tossiche

Pubblica opposizione. Incineration is anti-democratic

Costi finanziari. Incineration is a poor investment

Produzione di energia (spreco di energia)

Ci sono migliori alternative – Zero Waste 2020

1.Gli inceneritori 1.Gli inceneritori producono ceneri producono ceneri tossichetossiche

MODERN TRASH INCINERATOR

SECONDARYCHAMBER

TURBINE

BOILER

ELECTRICITY

TRASHBOTTOM ASH FLY ASH

TEMP< 200oC

SEMI-DRYSCRUBBER

FABRIC FILTER

WET SCRUBBER

DE-NOX

ACTIVATEDCHARCOAL

Ca(OH) 2 SUSPENSION

AMMONIAINJECTION

GRATES

Politicians often Politicians often approve incineration approve incineration before they have any before they have any idea where the toxic idea where the toxic ash is going to go!ash is going to go!

Ash disposal in other Ash disposal in other countriescountries

Germany puts fly ash into nylon bags and Germany puts fly ash into nylon bags and buries them in salt mines (like nuclear waste)buries them in salt mines (like nuclear waste)

Some Japanese incinerators vitrify the ashSome Japanese incinerators vitrify the ash Denmark has a wonderful solution … itDenmark has a wonderful solution … it sends its ash to Norway!sends its ash to Norway! The Netherlands puts the fly ash into asphalt The Netherlands puts the fly ash into asphalt

and the bottom ash into road building!and the bottom ash into road building!

2. Gli inceneritori 2. Gli inceneritori emettono gas tossiciemettono gas tossici

AIR EMISSIONS

CO2 + H2O

ACID GASES:HCI, HF, SO2

TOXIC METALS:Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr etc

NEW COMPOUNDSNEW COMPOUNDS::PCB’sPCB’sPCDDs (DIOXINS)PCDDs (DIOXINS)PCDFs (FURANS)PCDFs (FURANS)ETCETC

NANONANOPARTICLESPARTICLES

Chlorinated hydrocarbons

Brominated/chlorinated

dioxins and furans

Polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons

Catalytic oxidizers

The dangers of The dangers of nanoparticlesnanoparticles

Nanoparticles are not Nanoparticles are not efficiently captured by air efficiently captured by air pollution control devices,pollution control devices,

travel long distances,travel long distances, penetrate deep into the penetrate deep into the

lungslungs

Nano PathologyNano Pathology

Nano particles are so small they Nano particles are so small they can easily cross cell membranescan easily cross cell membranes

Including the blood brain barrier Including the blood brain barrier and the nuclear membraneand the nuclear membrane

Ferry toxic metals into the brainFerry toxic metals into the brain Stabilized free radicals cause Stabilized free radicals cause

oxidative stress - inflammation - oxidative stress - inflammation - many degenerative diseasesmany degenerative diseases

Aggregati di PiomboAggregati di Piombo, , BarioBario, , CromoCromo, , FerroFerro e e SilicioSilicio in in CervelloCervello..

http://www.nanodiagnostics.it/Fotografia.aspx?ID=11

Dioxins - major concernsDioxins - major concerns• Dioxins accumulate in animal fatDioxins accumulate in animal fat

• One literOne liter of cows’ milk gives the same dose of dioxin as breathing of cows’ milk gives the same dose of dioxin as breathing air next to the cows for air next to the cows for EIGHT MONTHSEIGHT MONTHS (Connett and Webster, (Connett and Webster, 1987). 1987).

• Dioxins steadily accumulate in human body fat.Dioxins steadily accumulate in human body fat. The man cannot The man cannot get rid of them BUT A woman can…get rid of them BUT A woman can…

• ……by having a baby!by having a baby!

• The The highest dosehighest dose of dioxin goes to the of dioxin goes to the fetus fetus and then to the and then to the new new born infant via breastfeeding, andborn infant via breastfeeding, and

• dioxins interfere with hormonesdioxins interfere with hormones which control sexual and which control sexual and mental developmentmental development

OUT OF OUR BABIES!OUT OF OUR BABIES!

WE WANT DIOXINWE WANT DIOXIN

Institute of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, 20032003 Fetuses and breastfeeding infantsFetuses and breastfeeding infants

may be at particular risk from may be at particular risk from exposure to dioxins due to their exposure to dioxins due to their potential to cause potential to cause adverse adverse neurodevelopmental… and immune neurodevelopmental… and immune system effectssystem effects……

Institute of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, 20032003 ……The committee recommends:The committee recommends: 1) the government place a 1) the government place a high public high public

health priorityhealth priority on reducing dioxin on reducing dioxin intakes by girls and young women intakes by girls and young women in in the years well before pregnancy is the years well before pregnancy is likely to occurlikely to occur

2) (By) substituting low-fat or skim 2) (By) substituting low-fat or skim milk, for whole milk…and other foods milk, for whole milk…and other foods lower in animal fatlower in animal fat

Thermal treatment is Thermal treatment is dangerousdangerous In In citiescities because the fine particles because the fine particles

can get deep down into our lungscan get deep down into our lungs

In In rural areasrural areas because the dioxins because the dioxins can get into our foodcan get into our food

While modern While modern incinerators have incinerators have reduced dioxin emissionsreduced dioxin emissionsthere is no real there is no real accountabilityaccountabilityin most countriesin most countries

YOU NEED THREE THINGS TO PROTECT THE PUBLIC FROM TOXIC EMISSIONS.

STRONG REGULATIONS

ADEQUATEMONITORING

TOUGHENFORCEMENT

IF ANY LINK IS WEAK THE PUBLIC IS NOT PROTECTED

3. Incineration is 3. Incineration is extremely unpopularextremely unpopular

In the US over 300 In the US over 300 incinerator proposals incinerator proposals defeated since 1985defeated since 1985

US has not permitted a US has not permitted a new trash incinerator since new trash incinerator since 1995.1995.

4. Incineration is a 4. Incineration is a poor investmentpoor investment• Most of the money spent on Most of the money spent on

incinerators goes into complicated incinerators goes into complicated machinery and leaves the machinery and leaves the community, community, whereaswhereas

• The money spent on the The money spent on the alternatives goes into jobs and alternatives goes into jobs and stays in the community.stays in the community.

5. Incineration is a waste 5. Incineration is a waste of energy!of energy! 3-4 times more energy saved by reusing objects 3-4 times more energy saved by reusing objects

and recycling materials in waste stream.and recycling materials in waste stream. In Italy a law passed in 1996 allows incinerators In Italy a law passed in 1996 allows incinerators

to sell electricity at three times the price from to sell electricity at three times the price from other sources. other sources. The public pays!The public pays!

This explains the current rush to build new This explains the current rush to build new incinerators in Italy even though they are so incinerators in Italy even though they are so unpopular.unpopular.

The Alberta government has just provided a $20 The Alberta government has just provided a $20 million subsidy for a new incinerator in Edmontonmillion subsidy for a new incinerator in Edmonton

Energy Comparison: Energy Comparison: RecyclingRecycling versus versus incinerationincineration (ICF consulting, 2005)(ICF consulting, 2005)

materialmaterial Energy Energy savings from savings from recyclingrecycling

GJ/tonneGJ/tonne

Energy Energy output from output from incinerationincineration

GJ/tonneGJ/tonne

Energy Energy savings savings recycling recycling

versus versus incinerationincineration

NewsprintNewsprint 6.336.33 2.622.62 2.42.4

Fine Fine paperpaper

15.8715.87 2.232.23 7.17.1

CardboarCardboardd

8.568.56 2.312.31 3.73.7

Other paperOther paper 9.499.49 2.252.25 4.24.2

HDPEHDPE 64.2764.27 6.306.30 10.210.2

PETPET 85.1685.16 3.223.22 26.426.4Other Other plasticplastic

52.0952.09 4.764.76 10.910.9

6. Incineration is not 6. Incineration is not sustainablesustainable

“Anche rendendo sicuro sicuro l’incenerimentol’incenerimento,,Esso non sarà mai una cosa sensatasensata.Semplicemente non ha senso spendere così tanti soldiPer distruggere risorse che dovremmoRisparmiare per il futuroRisparmiare per il futuro.”(PC)

7. THERE ARE BETTER 7. THERE ARE BETTER and SUSTAINABLE and SUSTAINABLE ALTERNATIVES TO ALTERNATIVES TO INCINERATIONINCINERATION

The ZERO 2020 strategyThe ZERO 2020 strategy

SPOSTARSI A MONTE

Progettare i rifiuti

all’esterno del ciclo produttivo

ZERO WAST E

NO ALLA SOCIETA’

USA E GETTA

SÌ A UNASOCIETA’

SOSTENIBILE

RIFIUTI ZERO 2020

NO ALL’INCENERIMENTO

NO ALLE DISCARICHE

I rifiuti non sono un I rifiuti non sono un problema tecnologicoproblema tecnologicosono un problema di sono un problema di progettazione industrialeprogettazione industriale

Per ottenere Zero Per ottenere Zero Rifiuti Rifiuti

Occorrono tre cose

1) RESPONSABILITA’ INDUSTRIALE (a monte)

2) RESPONSABILITA’ della COMUNITA’ (a valle)

3) Una BUONA LEADERSHIP POLITICA (per saldare insieme entrambe)

RESPONSABILITA’ RESPONSABILITA’ INDUSTRIALEINDUSTRIALE

1. PROGETTO INDUSTRIALE DI SOSTENIBILITA’ 1. PROGETTO INDUSTRIALE DI SOSTENIBILITA’ 2.2. PRODUZIONE PULITA PRODUZIONE PULITA - riduzione di elementi - riduzione di elementi

tossici nei prodotti e nella produzionetossici nei prodotti e nella produzione 3.3. RESPONSAILITA’ DELLA CATENA DI RESPONSAILITA’ DELLA CATENA DI

PRODUZIONE (EPR = EXTENDED PRODUCER PRODUZIONE (EPR = EXTENDED PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY)RESPONSIBILITY)

Extended Producer Extended Producer ResponsibiltyResponsibilty In futuro le imprese produttrici In futuro le imprese produttrici

dovrebbero considerare di dover dovrebbero considerare di dover ritirare I propri prodotti e ritirare I propri prodotti e confezioni, dopo l’usoconfezioni, dopo l’uso

leggi si stanno gia’ muovendo in leggi si stanno gia’ muovendo in questa direzione.questa direzione.

Extended Producer Extended Producer ResponsibiltyResponsibilty

XEROX CORPORATION EUROPEXEROX CORPORATION EUROPE recupero di recupero di vecchie macchine fotocopiatrici da vecchie macchine fotocopiatrici da oltre 16 paesioltre 16 paesi

Raccolte in enormi depositi in Olanda, Raccolte in enormi depositi in Olanda, dove vengono smontate dove vengono smontate

Oltre il Oltre il 95%95% dei materiali viene dei materiali viene riutilizzato o riciclato!riutilizzato o riciclato!

Con un risparmio di Con un risparmio di $76 milioni$76 milioni nel nel 20002000!!!!

ONTARIO, CANADA

The Beer industry has used refillable glass bottles for over 50 years

• 98% recovered

•on average each bottle reused 18 times

• Refillable glass bottles 11 cents cheaper per serving than disposable bottles.

• 2000 jobs in collection and cleaning

• No cost to municipality

• Packaging costs internalized

COMMUNITY RESPONSIBILITY COMMUNITY RESPONSIBILITY Classification of Discarded Classification of Discarded

materialsmaterials

1. Avoidables 1. Avoidables (e.g. throwaway plastic objects)(e.g. throwaway plastic objects)

2. Reusables 2. Reusables (e.g furniture, appliances)(e.g furniture, appliances) 3.3. Toxics Toxics (e.g paint, oil, batteries)(e.g paint, oil, batteries) 4.4. Compostables Compostables (e.g. food scraps)(e.g. food scraps) 5. Recyclables 5. Recyclables (e.g. paper, glass, metals)(e.g. paper, glass, metals) 6. Residuals6. Residuals Residuals = “bad industrial design” Residuals = “bad industrial design”

RESPONSABILITA’ RESPONSABILITA’ della COMUNITA’della COMUNITA’

Community responsibility begins Community responsibility begins with with Source Separation (porta a Source Separation (porta a porta)porta)

One container for One container for compostablescompostables (i.e. the organic fraction)(i.e. the organic fraction)

One (or more) containers for the One (or more) containers for the recyclablesrecyclables

One container for the One container for the residualsresiduals

Impianto diImpianto di CompostaggioCompostaggio

Aerazione forzataAerazione forzata

Aerazione ForzataAerazione Forzata

Compostaggio ruraleCompostaggio rurale

Centrale Centrale di Riciclaggiodi Riciclaggio

Reuse &Reuse &Repair CentersRepair Centers

De-costruireDe-costruire

AVOIDABLESAVOIDABLESWasteWaste

ReductionReductioninitiativesinitiatives

ItalyItaly

A supermarket chain near A supermarket chain near Florence is providing dispensers Florence is providing dispensers which allow customers to refill which allow customers to refill shampoo and detergent bottles…shampoo and detergent bottles…

Alcune iniziative italiane per la Alcune iniziative italiane per la riduzioneriduzione

Come gestiamo la frazione Come gestiamo la frazione residua: un momento residua: un momento cruciale della filosofia cruciale della filosofia Rifiuti ZeroRifiuti Zero Incineration attempts to make the Incineration attempts to make the

residuals disappearresiduals disappear Zero Waste 2020Zero Waste 2020 needs to make the needs to make the

residuals VERY VISIBLE, because…residuals VERY VISIBLE, because… Frazione Residua Frazione Residua = cattiva = cattiva

progettazione industrialeprogettazione industriale We need better (sustainable) We need better (sustainable)

industrial design for the 21st Centuryindustrial design for the 21st Century

Nova Scotia, CanadaNova Scotia, Canada

They have built They have built IMPIANTO DI IMPIANTO DI SEPARAZONE della FRAZIONE SEPARAZONE della FRAZIONE RESIDUARESIDUA

These buildings are built in front These buildings are built in front of the landfill - of the landfill - NO residuals can NO residuals can go to landfill without being go to landfill without being screened.screened.

IMPIANTO DI SEPARAZONE della FRAZIONE RESIDUA

PIU’ RICICLABILI

TOSSICI

PIU’ RICICLABILI

TOSSICI

IMBALLAGGI E OGGETTI NON RICICLABILI

PIU’ RICICLABILI

TOSSICI

PIU’ RICICLABILI

DISCARICA TEMPORANEA

TOSSICI

PIU’ RICICLABILI

FRAZIONEFRAZIONEORGANICA ORGANICA SPORCASPORCA

TOSSICI

PIU’ RICICLABILI

STABILIZZAZIONE BIOLOGICA

We need to improve on We need to improve on these facilities by these facilities by adding a RESEARCH adding a RESEARCH CENTER for the non-CENTER for the non-recyclable fraction recyclable fraction

TOSSICI

PIU’ RICICLABILI

TOSSICI

FRAZIONE RESIDUA, CENTRO DI RICERCA

PIU’ RICICLABILI

CENTRO DICENTRO DI RICERCARICERCA

IMBALLAGGI E ALTRI RIFIUTI NON RICICLABILI

RICERCA SCIENTIFICA SU NUOVI IMPIEGHI DEI MATERIALI OTTENUTI DA RIFIUTI E

MIGLIORE PROGETTAZIONE INDUSTRIALE

Università locale

TOSSICII

RICERCA SCIENTIFICA “FOR CLEAN

PRODUCTION”

Università locale

Residual Residual ScreeningScreening && Reseach

FacilityFacility

Residual Residual ScreeningScreening && Reseach

FacilityFacility

Household ToxicsHousehold Toxics

Consiglio:Consiglio:

La creazione di un La creazione di un

““Istituto Nazionale Istituto Nazionale

per una Società Sostenibile”per una Società Sostenibile”Con funzione di coordinamento della ricerca Con funzione di coordinamento della ricerca

locale e regionale presso il locale e regionale presso il Centro per la Centro per la Ricerca e lo Screening sulla Frazione Residua Ricerca e lo Screening sulla Frazione Residua (= cattiva progettazione industriale)(= cattiva progettazione industriale)

Incenerendo …Incenerendo …

… … si convertono si convertono 3 3 tonnellate di tonnellate di rifiuti in:rifiuti in:

11 tonnellata di ceneri tonnellata di ceneri tossichetossiche

che nessuno vuole!!! che nessuno vuole!!!

Con la strategia Rifiuti Con la strategia Rifiuti ZeroZero

Si convertono Si convertono TRETRE tonnellate di tonnellate di rifiuti in:rifiuti in:

1 tonnellata di risorse 1 tonnellata di risorse compostabilicompostabili

1 tonnellata di risorse riciclabili1 tonnellata di risorse riciclabili

1 tonnellata di consapevolezza!1 tonnellata di consapevolezza!

Messaggio Messaggio all’industria:all’industria:• Se non possiamo Se non possiamo riutilizzarloriutilizzarlo, ,

riciclarloriciclarlo o o compostarlocompostarlo,,• l’industria non dovrebbe l’industria non dovrebbe

produrlo!!!produrlo!!!

• We need better industrial design for We need better industrial design for the 21st Centurythe 21st Century

Will Italy be the first to Will Italy be the first to build an build an impianto di impianto di separazone e centro di separazone e centro di ricerca della frazione ricerca della frazione residua?residua?

• IMPIANTO DI SEPARAZONE e CENTRO DI RICERCA della FRAZIONE RESIDUA

Progress towards Zero Progress towards Zero Waste around the Waste around the worldworldwww.www.zwiazwia.org.orgNote over 50% of Note over 50% of

communities in New communities in New Zealand have declared a Zealand have declared a Zero Waste strategyZero Waste strategy

San FranciscoSan Francisco

Popolazione = 850.000Popolazione = 850.000 Carenza di spazio Carenza di spazio 50% raccolta differenziata entro il 200050% raccolta differenziata entro il 2000 63% raccolta differenziata entro il 200463% raccolta differenziata entro il 2004 75% raccolta differenziata entro il 2010 75% raccolta differenziata entro il 2010

(obiettivo)(obiettivo) 100% (or very close!)entro il 2020 – 100% (or very close!)entro il 2020 –

Zero RifiutiZero Rifiuti

I “Fantastici 3”I “Fantastici 3”

The green containerThe green container

Receives the clean compostables Receives the clean compostables (all organic discards)(all organic discards)

Impianto di Impianto di CompostaggioCompostaggio

UN RICCO COMPOST, PRONTO PER LA UN RICCO COMPOST, PRONTO PER LA VENDITAVENDITA

I PRODOTTI BIOLOGICI TORNANO SUI I PRODOTTI BIOLOGICI TORNANO SUI MERCATI E NEI RISTORANTI DI SAN MERCATI E NEI RISTORANTI DI SAN FRANCISCO FRANCISCO

I “Fantastici 3”I “Fantastici 3”

The blue containerThe blue container

Receives ALL the recyclables...Receives ALL the recyclables...

@ Molo 96

Centrale di RiciclaggioCentrale di Riciclaggio

OntarioOntario

The city of Markham (north of The city of Markham (north of Toronto) has diverted 70% from Toronto) has diverted 70% from landfill in 2 years.landfill in 2 years.

ItalyItalyPorta a Porta (no Porta a Porta (no Vespa!)Vespa!) L’italia ha uno dei migliori centri di L’italia ha uno dei migliori centri di

ricerca al mondo per la ricerca al mondo per la progettazione di una raccolta progettazione di una raccolta porta a porta efficace ed efficiente porta a porta efficace ed efficiente di rifiuti riciclabili e organicidi rifiuti riciclabili e organici

Scuola Agraria del Parco di Scuola Agraria del Parco di MonzaMonza

Enzo FavoinoEnzo Favoino

ItalyItaly

Over 600 communities in Italy are Over 600 communities in Italy are achieving over 50% diversion achieving over 50% diversion using “door to door” collection using “door to door” collection systemssystems

Comunità in Lazio che hanno Comunità in Lazio che hanno riciclato più del 50% dei rifiuti riciclato più del 50% dei rifiuti attraverso il sistema di raccolta attraverso il sistema di raccolta porta-a-portaporta-a-porta in un solo anno! in un solo anno!

ComuneComune PopulazionePopulazione % rifiuto % rifiuto

differenziatodifferenziato

Sonnino Sonnino

7,1547,154 54%54%

SermonetaSermoneta 7,0007,000 64%64%

LenolaLenola 4,2004,200 65%65%

MonterosiMonterosi 3,0293,029 54%54%

BassianoBassiano 1,6701,670 50%50%

CastelforteCastelforte 4,7004,700 52%52%

ItalyItaly

Novara - (near Turin, population = Novara - (near Turin, population = 100,000) achieved 70% diversion 100,000) achieved 70% diversion in just 18 months!in just 18 months!

ItalyItaly

In the Treviso region…In the Treviso region…

RISULTATI QUANTITATIVIRISULTATI QUANTITATIVIAUMENTO % RACCOLTA DIFFERENZIATAAUMENTO % RACCOLTA DIFFERENZIATA

27,18%33,64%

65,64% 70,42% 73,82% 75,63%

CONSORZIO ANNO 2000(14 COMUNI)

RISULTATI QUANTITATIVIRISULTATI QUANTITATIVIAUMENTO % RACCOLTA AUMENTO % RACCOLTA

DIFFERENZIATADIFFERENZIATA42

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

80,00%

90,00%

Villorb

ANNO 2000

ANNO 2005

DIFFERENZIATA COSTA DI PIU?DIFFERENZIATA COSTA DI PIU?ANDAMENTO DEI COSTI DI GESTIONE OPERATIVA

CON E SENZA RACCOLTA DIFFERENZIATA

€ 91,64

€ 67,68

€ 73,92

€ 60,58

€ 65,69

€ 30,00

€ 40,00

€ 50,00

€ 60,00

€ 70,00

€ 80,00

€ 90,00

€ 100,00

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Costi di gestione senza raccolta differenziata

Costi di gestione con raccolta differenziata

La gestione dei rifiutiLa gestione dei rifiuti

nei Comuni del Consorzio nei Comuni del Consorzio PriulaPriula

Paolo ContòPaolo ContòConsorzio Intercomunale Priula - Villorba (TVConsorzio Intercomunale Priula - Villorba (TV))

consorzio@priula.itconsorzio@priula.it

Another three reasons why Another three reasons why ZW 2020 is better than ZW 2020 is better than incinerationincineration

Jobs!Jobs!

Jobs !!Jobs !!

Jobs !!!Jobs !!!

Nuova Scozia (Canada)Nuova Scozia (Canada)

50% dei rifiuti sottratto alle discariche 50% dei rifiuti sottratto alle discariche in 5 anni in 5 anni (Halifax ~ 60%)(Halifax ~ 60%)

1000 posti di lavoro creati dall’aprile 1000 posti di lavoro creati dall’aprile 1996 1996

Altri 2000 posti di lavoro creati in Altri 2000 posti di lavoro creati in industrie che usano i materiali separatiindustrie che usano i materiali separati

Nearly all the separated materials are Nearly all the separated materials are re-used in Nova Scotia’s own re-used in Nova Scotia’s own industries.industries.

UNA BUONA UNA BUONA LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIPAbbiamo bisogno di leader politici e

industriali dotati di

grandi visioni

immaginazione

CHE NON SIANO NOIOSI

Le persone noiose … Le persone noiose … risolvono i problemi risolvono i problemi nel posto sbagliato !nel posto sbagliato !

Chi tenta di risolvere il problema A VALLE pensa …

1. UNA TAZZA2. UN SECCHIO3. UNA POMPA A PEDALE 4. UNA POMPA ELETTRICA

Chi tenta di risolvere il problema A MONTE pensa …

EinsteinEinstein

A A clever personclever person

solvessolves a problem a problem

A A geniusgenius

avoidsavoids it! it!

•Un pizzico di Un pizzico di creatività a creatività a monte può far monte può far risparmiare risparmiare milioni a vallemilioni a valle

ConclusioniConclusioniThe Zero Waste Strategy addresses four key The Zero Waste Strategy addresses four key

issues:issues: 1. 1. IndividualsIndividuals must be more careful about what must be more careful about what

they buythey buy 2. 2. IndustriesIndustries must be more careful about what must be more careful about what

they makethey make 3. 3. CommunitiesCommunities must be more responsible in must be more responsible in

the way that discarded materials are collected the way that discarded materials are collected and handledand handled

4. 4. EducationEducation has a key role in linking waste has a key role in linking waste management to sustainability and the fight management to sustainability and the fight against Global Warmingagainst Global Warming

ConclusioniConclusioni The throwaway society contributes to global The throwaway society contributes to global

warming by wasting finite resources and warming by wasting finite resources and wasting energywasting energy

Landfills and incinerators do not solve the Landfills and incinerators do not solve the problem but only hide the symptomsproblem but only hide the symptoms

The Zero Waste strategy by intensifying The Zero Waste strategy by intensifying reuse, recycling, and composting and by reuse, recycling, and composting and by tackling overconsumption and poor industrial tackling overconsumption and poor industrial design, reduces global warming and the other design, reduces global warming and the other impacts of primary processingimpacts of primary processing

Zero Waste 2020

Education

SustainableEconomic

Development

Sustainableagriculture

Communitydevelopment

SustainableEnergy

Industrial design

Architecture

ConclusioniConclusioni Non abbiamo bisogno di Non abbiamo bisogno di

inceneritori!inceneritori! Esistono alternative Esistono alternative migliori più migliori più sicuresicure,, migliori per migliori per l’economial’economia,, migliori per i migliori per i vostri figli, evostri figli, e migliori per il migliori per il pianeta.pianeta.

But in Italy there But in Italy there remains a major remains a major obstacle:obstacle:

THE BAD LAWTHE BAD LAW

Level of corruption

Level of Pollution

Public participation

THE GOOD LAW

Dio Dio ricicla,ricicla,

il diavoloil diavolobruciabrucia

The Battle Hymn of The Battle Hymn of GarbageGarbage

(Chorus)(Chorus)

We don’t want incinerationWe don’t want incineration

We know there’s a better We know there’s a better way!way!

While we recognize our While we recognize our landfillslandfills

All are swelling with the wasteAll are swelling with the waste

This doesn’t justifyThis doesn’t justify

A bad decision made in haste!A bad decision made in haste!

Let us put our heads together Let us put our heads together

So the problem may be facedSo the problem may be faced

And we must do it now!And we must do it now!

(Chorus)(Chorus)

Mine eyes have seen the Mine eyes have seen the garbagegarbage

That’s a smoldering on the That’s a smoldering on the grategrate

We must stop incinerationWe must stop incineration

Before it is too lateBefore it is too late

Unless we wish the dangersUnless we wish the dangers

We had better separateWe had better separate

And we must do it now!And we must do it now!

(Chorus)(Chorus)

Extra slidesExtra slides

No accountabilityNo accountability Typically incinerators tested once or twice a year Typically incinerators tested once or twice a year

using using 6 hour tests6 hour tests to check dioxin in flue gas. to check dioxin in flue gas. These are collected with advanced notice to the These are collected with advanced notice to the

operatoroperator Thus, Thus, 18 (36?) hours of IDEAL18 (36?) hours of IDEAL data is being used data is being used

to ESTIMATE to ESTIMATE 8000 hours of REAL operation8000 hours of REAL operation. . THIS IS NOT SCIENTIFIC!THIS IS NOT SCIENTIFIC! Two weekTwo week sampling sampling (The Amesa system)(The Amesa system) is now is now

available. This system allows collection of 26 X available. This system allows collection of 26 X two-week samples per year - i.etwo-week samples per year - i.e. continuous . continuous samplingsampling

Most incinerator operators are not using the two Most incinerator operators are not using the two week sampling system or other scientific week sampling system or other scientific monitoring.monitoring.

Hiding the name!Hiding the name! Waste IncinerationWaste Incineration is so unpopular with the is so unpopular with the

public that incinerator promoters have used public that incinerator promoters have used a variety of names for plants that burn trash:a variety of names for plants that burn trash:

In In USUS, they were called , they were called Resource Recovery Resource Recovery FacilitiesFacilities and and Waste to EnergyWaste to Energy plants. plants.

In In UKUK they were called they were called Energy from WasteEnergy from Waste (EfW) facilities.(EfW) facilities.

In In Italy and FranceItaly and France they are called “ they are called “Thermal Thermal ValorizationValorization” and “” and “Thermal OptimizationThermal Optimization” ”

Now all the rage are the descriptions: Now all the rage are the descriptions: gasificationgasification,, pyrolysis and plasma arcpyrolysis and plasma arc facilities.facilities.

The most appropriate The most appropriate name for incineratorsname for incinerators RDFRDF Resource Destruction Facilities!Resource Destruction Facilities!

Dobbiamo copiare la Dobbiamo copiare la naturanatura La natura non produce rifiuti! La natura non produce rifiuti! I rifiuti sono un’invenzione I rifiuti sono un’invenzione

dell’uomodell’uomo Società sostenibile = società a Società sostenibile = società a

rifiuti zerorifiuti zero Zero Waste is an idealistic goal, Zero Waste is an idealistic goal, but but Zero Waste 2020Zero Waste 2020 puts this goal puts this goal

into a realistic time frameinto a realistic time frame

WASTE : Linking the local and global crises WASTE : Linking the local and global crises Verona, May...

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