Post on 04-Aug-2015
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Finding Fecal and Total Coliforms, and Enterococcus in Water Samples from Cidra
in the River ArroyataBy.
Alejandra GonzalezAngeline Figueroa
Mentor: Prof. Javier Arce
What are Coliforms?
A broad class of bacteria found in our environment, including the feces of man and other warm-blooded animals.
The presence of coliform bacteria in drinking water may indicate a possible presence of harmful, disease-causing organisms.
Total and Fecal
Total coliforms Bacteria that are found in the intestines of animals
and in the environment
Fecal coliforms Are found only in the intestines of animals and these
are endemic in the waters of Puerto Rico It is used to know the presence of pathogenic
organisms
Enterococcus
Is a genus of lactic acid bacteria
Two species are common commensal organisms in the intestines of humans: E. faecalis and E. faecium
Infections caused by Enterococcus include urinary tract infections, bacteremia, bacterial endocarditis, diverticulitis, and meningitis.
Parameters for Water from PRASA
Solids
Color, Odor, Turbid, Taste
Temperature
pH
Problem and Hypothesis
Can we be able to find total and fecal coliforms, and enterococcus in the waters of the river Arroyata?
We will be able to find coliforms and enterococcus in the waters of the mentioned river.
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Location
Cidra
Water Sample 66
Water Sample 69
Water Sample 70
Materials and Methods
Collecting the sample (May 3, 2013)
• 6 of 100mL of water
• GPS to identify:
latitude and longitude
sample number
time
• Multimeter to measure temperature and conductivity
• Turbidmeter to measure the turbidity
Materials and Methods Cont.
Analyzing the samples Colilert (fecal & total coliform) and Enterolert
(enterococcus) Quantity Tray Quantity Tray sealer Colilert was Incubate for 24h at 35C Enterolert was incubated for 24h at 41C
Materials and Methods Cont.
Next Day Take out the quantity trays from incubator Yellow ones identify TC Put them under ultraviolet light to identify FC Blue to identify enterococcus Count for positive and negative results
Results (Location)
ID Time Temp. Conductivity
Turbidity North West
66 14:06 27.5 504 0.88 18.19136
66.19357
69 14:23 25 526 1.41 18.19154
66.19356
70 14:55 28.7 501 1.62 18.2085 66.19356
Results for Fecal and Total Coliforms, and Enterococcus
ID TC MPN C MPN Entero MPN
66 2419.6 307.8 344.8
69 2419.6 172.6 579.4
70 2419.6 210.5 156.5
Results
Enterococcus
Total Coliforms
Fecal Coliforms
First and Second samples
Third Sample
Conclusion
We got positive results in all three samples
Fecal coliforms were present because these are endemic in the waters of Puerto Rico
As far from the town less bacteria we will be able to find
Significance
We can orient people to prevent diseases caused by fecal and total coliforms or enterococcus.
Start campaigns to keep our waters clean for the health of everyone
References
http://www.bfhd.wa.gov/info/coliform.php (Public Health of US)
http://www.gobierno.pr/NR/rdonlyres/BA0D6158-5A70-449A-B385-D55F654720A8/0/EstandaresCalidadAgua.pdf (Junta de Calidad de Ambiental de Puerto Rico)
Thanks for your attention!
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Any Questions?