Post on 15-May-2018
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Word Definition Example
Numerator The top part of a fraction.
Denominator The bottom part of a fraction.
Place ValueThe numerical value that a digit has by its position in
a number.
Simplest Form
A fraction is in simplest form when the top and
bottom cannot be divided by the same whole
number (bigger than one).
Percent One part in every hundred.
Word Definition Example
IntegersAll natural numbers
(counting numbers) and their opposites plus zero.
Rational NumbersA number written as a ratio a/b where a and b
are both integers and b is not equal to zero.
Coordinate Plane
The plane determined by a horizontal number line, called the x-axis, and a vertical number line,
called the y-axis, intersecting at a point
called the origin.
Ordered Pair
A pair of numbers used to locate a point on a
coordinate plane; the first number tells you how far to move horizontally and the second number tells
you how far to move vertically.
OriginThe point where the x-axis
and the y-axis in the coordinate plane intersect
or cross.
Word Definition Example
PointA dot on the coordinate plane that represents an
ordered pair.
QuadrantAny of the four areas made when we divide up a plan
by an x and y-axis. They are numbered I, II, III, and IV.
Natural Numbersor
Counting Numbers
The numbers that start with 1 and count by 1s. For
example 1, 2, 3…
Whole NumbersNatural numbers or
counting numbers plus zero.
Linear RelationshipA relationship of direct
proportionality that, when plotted on a graph, traces a
straight line.
Word Definition Example
Term
A single number or variable, or numbers and
variables multiplied together. It is separated by
+ or – signs.
Product The answer to a multiplication problem.
FactorsThe numbers we multiply together to get another
number.
Quotient The answer to a division problem.
Dividend The amount that you want to divide.
Word Definition Example
Divisor The number by which the dividend is divided.
FractionOne number written over
another number, separated by a division
bar.
Greatest Common Factor (GCF)
The largest whole number that divides evenly into two or more numbers.
Reciprocal What to multiply a value by to get 1.
Unit Fraction
A rational number written as a fraction where the
numerator is one and the denominator is a whole
number.
Word Definition Example
Improper Fraction
A fraction where the numerator is larger than the denominator. This fraction has a value greater than one.
Proper Fraction
A fraction where the numerator is smaller than
the denominator. This fraction has a value less
than one.
Mixed NumberA number consisting of an
integer and a proper fraction. This number has a value greater than one.
OppositesTwo numbers that are
equal distance from zero on the number line.
Additive InverseA number that, when
added to another number, gets a sum of zero.
Word Definition Example
Inverse Property of AdditionAny number plus its
opposite gets a sum of zero.
Zero Pair One pair of numbers whose sum is zero.
Expression
A mathematical phrase that can contain numbers,
variables, and mathematical operations. There is no equals sign.
Equation
Two mathematical phrases that can contain numbers,
variables, and mathematical operations joined by an equals sign.
RatioA comparison of two
quantities separated by a colon, the word “to,” or a
fraction bar.
Word Definition Example
RateA special ratio in which the
two quantities are in different units.
Unit Rate
A special ratio in which the two quantities are in
different units and the second quantity is a value
of one.
Unit Price
A special ratio in which the first quantity is a price and
the second quantity is a measurement with a value
of one.
Ratio Table
A table that represents the relationships between
different ratios. It shows a comparison of two or more
quantities.
Equivalent RatiosTwo ratios that express the same relationship between
numbers.
Word Definition Example
Scale Factor
A number that scales, or multiplies, some quantity. This number is the ratio between the size of a
model or other representation to the actual
size of the object represented.
ScalingThe act of measuring or arranging or adjusting according to a scale.
Conversion FactorA factor used to multiply or
divide a quantity when converting from one
system of units to another.
Benchmark FractionsA common fraction that you
can use to judge other numbers against.
Benchmark PercentsA common percent that you
can use to judge other numbers against.
Word Definition Example
Proportion Two equal ratios.
Percent ProportionTwo equal ratios with one
ratio having a percent over a 100.
Independent Quantity or Independent Variable
A number or variable in a mathematical equation or expression whose value
determines the dependent variable.
Dependent Quantity or Dependent Variable
A number or variable that depends on another value.
InputIn equation form this is another word for the
variable x. This is what is going into the equation.
Word Definition Example
Output
In equation form this is another word for the
variable y. This is what is coming out of the
equation.
Sequence A sequence is an ordered collection of numbers.
Variable A letter that represents one or more numbers.
Arithmetic SequenceA sequence of numbers such that the difference between the consecutive
terms is constant.
Geometric Sequence
A sequence of numbers where each term after the
first is found by multiplying the previous one by a fixed, non-zero
number.
Word Definition Example
Sum The answer to an addition problem.
Additive Relationship
A relationship found by taking the x values or inputs and adding a
certain number to get the y values or outputs.
Written in the form y=x+a, where a is any
rational number.
Multiplicative Relationship
A relationship found by taking the x values or
inputs and multiplying a certain number to get
the y values or outputs. Written in the form y=ax,
where a is any rational number.
Difference The answer to a subtraction problem.
Mathematical OperationsThe four main operations
in math: adding, subtracting, multiplying,
and dividing.
Word Definition Example
Base In a power, the number used as a factor.
Equivalent Expressions Expressions that have the same value.
ExponentIn a power, the number that tells you how many times the base is used as
a factor.
Powers Numbers expressed using using exponents.
you would say…“Two to the fourth power”
Perfect SquareNumbers with square roots that are whole
numbers.
Word Definition Example
Numerical Expression A combination of numbers and operations.
Evaluate(an algebraic expression)
To find the value of an algebraic expression by replacing variables with numbers and solving.
Prime NumberA whole number with
exactly two unique factors, 1 and itself.
Composite NumberA whole number that has
more than two unique factors.
Prime FactorizationA way of expressing a
composite number as a product of its prime factors.
Word Definition Example
Order of OperationsThe rules that tell which operation to perform first
when more than one operation is used. Grouping Symbols
Exponents Multiplying/Dividing Adding/Subtracting
AlgebraA mathematical language
of symbols, including variables.
Algebraic ExpressionA combination of variables, numbers, and at least one
operation.
Like TermsTerms that contain the same variable(s) to the
same power.
Defining the VariableChoosing a variable and
deciding what the variable represents.
Word Definition Example
Properties Statements that are true for any number.
a+b+c=c+b+a
ax(bxc)=(axb)xc
a+(-a)=0
bx1=b
Commutative PropertyThe order in which numbers
are added or multiplied does not change the sum or
product.
Commutative Property of Addition
a+b+c=c+b+aOR
Commutative Property of Multiplicationa ∙b ∙ c=c ∙b ∙ a
Associative PropertyThe way in which numbers are grouped when adding
or multiplying does not change the sum or product.
Associative Property of Addition
a+(b+c)=(a+b)+cOR
Associative Property of Multiplicationa ∙(b ∙ c )=(a ∙b) ∙ c
Identity Property
Properties that state that the sum of any number and 0 equals that number and the product of any number and 1 equals that number.
Identity Property of Additiona+0=a
ORIdentity Property of
Multiplicationa ∙1=a
Inverse Property
Properties that state that the sum of any number and its opposite is always zero
and the product of any number and its reciprocal is
always one.
Inverse Property of Additiona+(−a)=0
ORInverse Property of
Multiplicationa ∙ 1a=1
Word Definition Example
Inverse Operations Operations that undo each other.
Distributive Property
To multiply a sum or difference by a number,
multiply each term by the number outside the
parenthesis.
Factor the ExpressionThe process of writing numeric or algebraic
expressions as a product of their factors.
CoefficientThe numerical factor of a
term that contains a variable.
Constant A term without a variable.