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8/6/2019 Week 8 Project Teams 10
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Project Teams
Week 8
1Paul Henderson 2008 ProjectManagement
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Project Teams
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Project
Management
why? what? when? who?how?
The project perspective
- but within the ‘Who?’, we have another set of questions …
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Project Teams
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• Why do we need a project team?
•What makes a good team?
• When should the team be formed?
• How is the team to be structured? • Who should be in the in the project team?
The project team questions
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• Workload is too high for one person
• Skill mix is beyond the capabilities of one person
• Risk of project delays when using oneperson
Why form a team?
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• Small number of people
•
Complementary skills• Commitment to a common purpose and
performance goals
•
Commitment to a common approach• Mutual accountability
What makes a good team?
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• Formally, only after the PID is approved, butthe team is often identified before that:
• A core team may be assigned on a part-timebasis during the creation of the PID: – To do task duration and staffing estimates
– To decide who else is needed on the team
– To decide what external help is required
When should you form a team?
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• Break down product structure into tasks
• Assess skills needed for each task
• Recruit skilled workers from functionaldepartments
• Negotiate with employee and functional managerto get worker for project
• If no local skill is available, subcontract
How is the team to be structured?
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• In terms of project roles – these are alreadydefined in the PID
• In terms of individuals – these are partlydefined by core team membership and …
• Selected by the core team
• But people have project roles and team roles
• And what makes an effective team?
Who will be on the team?
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Research shows that effective teams:
• Have an ideal size of 4 – 6 people
• Have a complementary mix of team roles
•
Have shared values• Have a clear purpose
Characteristics of an effective team
complementary
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Four team role categories
•
Leading
• Doing
•
Thinking
• Coaching
Team roles
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• Chairs the discussions
• Comes up with ideas
•
Evaluates ideas and selects solutions• Focuses team on important issues
• Provides technical input
• Provides cohesion and smoothes over
disputes• Finds resources quickly
• Finishes tasks started by others
Eight detailed teamroles:
Someone who…
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• Company job title: Programmer
• Project role: Web page programmer
•
Team role: Smoothes over disputes
Three dimensions to an individual’s job
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Team role vs. Project role vs. Jobtitle
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Team roles mix
Chairperson
Comes up with ideasEvaluates ideas
Focuses on
importantissues
Smoothes
overdisputes
Finds resources
Completesothers work
Providestechnical input
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• Define team purpose and goals
• Establish team rules andresponsibilities
• Motivate team members
• Manage team performance
• Deliver the product(s)
Project Teams
The task of the team leader
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Project Teams
Example Project Organisation Structure
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ProjectManager
ProjectExecutive
Team 1Leader
Team 2Leader
Job role
1
Job role
3 Job role2
Job role2
Job role3
Suppliers
Job role4
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Project Teams
Project Organisation Structure – small project
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ProjectManager
ProjectExecutive
Job role1
Job role
2 Job role2
Supplier
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Project Teams
Effect of increasing team numbers on communications
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1 Number on project teamCommuni c
atio
ns
overhe
ad
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The End
19Paul Henderson 2008 ProjectManagement