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Welcome!Welcome!ATM OCN 100:ATM OCN 100:

WEATHER & CLIMATEWEATHER & CLIMATELecture # 002: Lecture # 002: Fall 2000Fall 2000

LECTURE I A: INTRODUCTIONLECTURE I A: INTRODUCTION

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WHO WE AREWHO WE ARE YOUR INSTRUCTORYOUR INSTRUCTOR

–Ed HopkinsEd HopkinsOffice: Rm. 1407 (262-1605)Office: Rm. 1407 (262-1605)

–hopkins@meteor.wisc.eduhopkins@meteor.wisc.edu YOUR TAYOUR TA

–Nicole HartzNicole HartzOffice: Rm. ?? (262-1605)Office: Rm. ?? (262-1605)

–??@meteor.wisc.edu??@meteor.wisc.edu

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A. COURSE INTRODUCTIONA. COURSE INTRODUCTION

3 credit introductory course3 credit introductory course

– 4 Lectures/week 4 Lectures/week

– ATTENDANCEATTENDANCE

– Homework Homework (5 or 7 exercises)(5 or 7 exercises)

– Exams Exams (3 wk., 8 wk. & final)(3 wk., 8 wk. & final) Course ObjectivesCourse Objectives

where....where....

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COURSE OBJECTIVESCOURSE OBJECTIVES InterpretInterpret TV TV oror newspaper newspaper weather mapsweather maps.. Explain Explain selected fundamental selected fundamental terminologyterminology.. IdentifyIdentify conceptual models. conceptual models. MakeMake simple, short term weather simple, short term weather forecastsforecasts.. Explain reasons Explain reasons for atmospheric motions.for atmospheric motions. DistinguishDistinguish various severe weather phenomena various severe weather phenomena

& appropriate advisories, watches & warnings.& appropriate advisories, watches & warnings.

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COURSE OBJECTIVESCOURSE OBJECTIVES (con’t)(con’t)

IdentifyIdentify various weather instruments. various weather instruments. Locate sources Locate sources of climatological of climatological

information.information. Appreciate problems Appreciate problems facing atmospheric facing atmospheric

scientists.scientists. Explain Explain why Planet Earth is unique.why Planet Earth is unique. Distinguish Distinguish characteristic sizes of characteristic sizes of

atmospheric systemsatmospheric systems..

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B. WHAT IS METEOROLOGY?B. WHAT IS METEOROLOGY?

Derivation of Key WordsDerivation of Key Words

– Meteorology Meteorology ““Meteor” Meteor” + + “ology”“ology”

–WeatherWeather ( (“weder”“weder”))

–ClimateClimate ( (“klima”“klima”) )

Present Scope of Meteorology & Atmospheric Present Scope of Meteorology & Atmospheric SciencesSciences

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COMPARISONS BETWEEN COMPARISONS BETWEEN WEATHER & CLIMATEWEATHER & CLIMATE

WeatherWeather

– Current Weather Observational DataCurrent Weather Observational Data

– Weather MapsWeather Maps

– ForecastsForecasts

MADISON’S WEATHERMADISON’S WEATHER

Madison Weather at 900 AM CDT MON JUN 12 2000 Updated twice an hour at :05 and :25

Sky/Weather: CLOUDY Temperature: 54 F Dew Point: 52 F Relative Humidity: 93% Wind: NE14 Barometer: 30.12F

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TODAY’S NATIONAL WEATHERTODAY’S NATIONAL WEATHER

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TOMORROW’S NATIONAL WEATHERTOMORROW’S NATIONAL WEATHER

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COMPARISONS BETWEEN COMPARISONS BETWEEN WEATHER & CLIMATEWEATHER & CLIMATE

WeatherWeather

– Current Weather Observational DataCurrent Weather Observational Data– Weather MapsWeather Maps– ForecastsForecasts

Climate Climate

– Long-term statisticsLong-term statistics– Climate maps & chartsClimate maps & charts– ForecastsForecasts

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C. THE HUMAN FACTOR C. THE HUMAN FACTOR WEATHER COSTSWEATHER COSTS30 yr. averages (1966-95)30 yr. averages (1966-95)

[Source: National Weather Service, 1997][Source: National Weather Service, 1997]

Weather Event Fatalities Damage$ million

Lightning 85 $33.1

Tornado 73 $410.8

Floods 136 $1,250.5

Tropical Storms/Hurricanes 25 $5,932.3

TOTALS 485* $11,383.1

*10 yr ave.

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D. GOALS OF METEOROLOGYD. GOALS OF METEOROLOGY

ObservationObservation CodificationCodification ExplanationExplanation PredictionPrediction AdaptationAdaptation ModificationModification

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E. CHARACTERISTICS of E. CHARACTERISTICS of METEOROLOGYMETEOROLOGY

InternationalInternational PhysicalPhysical InterdisciplinaryInterdisciplinary

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F. MODELS in METEOROLOGYF. MODELS in METEOROLOGY

What is a model?What is a model? Types of ModelsTypes of Models

– PhysicalPhysical

– GraphicalGraphical

– NumericalNumerical

– ConceptualConceptual Role of Models in MeteorologyRole of Models in Meteorology

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G. BRIEF HISTORY OF G. BRIEF HISTORY OF METEOROLOGY & CLIMATOLOGYMETEOROLOGY & CLIMATOLOGY

Ancient - Weather LoreAncient - Weather Lore Classic Greek MeteorologyClassic Greek Meteorology

– Aristotle (350 B.C.) Aristotle (350 B.C.) Renaissance MeteorologyRenaissance Meteorology Meteorology in the Meteorology in the

Scientific & Industrial Revolutions Scientific & Industrial Revolutions Organized weather observationsOrganized weather observations Our concept of stormsOur concept of storms New tools & modelsNew tools & models