What do these have in common?

Crude Oil

Our Learning Objectives

recall that crude oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons

describe how the process of fractional distillation can be used to separate the hydrocarbons in crude oil into the fractions refinery gases, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, fuel oil and bitumen

describe the physical properties and uses of the main fractions

recall that fractional distillation of crude oil produces more long-chain and fewer short-chain hydrocarbons than required

How did it get there?

Put these sentences into the right order:

Millions of tiny animals lived in the seas The pressure and heat of the rocks turned the

dead animals into oil As the dead animals decayed they were covered

with thick layers of mud and sand (sediment) When the animals died their bodies fell to the

bottom of the sea The layers of mud slowly changed into layers of

rock

How did it get there?

Why didn’t the plant material rot away?

Why do we find oil wells under both land and sea?

Oil is a fossil fuel – remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago.

Non-renewable

Formation animation

Crude oil (Petroleum)

A mixture of hydrocarbons (compounds which contain only hydrogen and carbon atoms)

Copy please

How do we separate Crude Oil into useful parts?

Simple Distillation diagram

How do we separate Crude Oil into useful parts?

How does simple distillation work?

Include the following words in your answer: Heat energy Boiling point Evaporating Condensing Fraction

Fractional distillation

Now let’s apply your knowledge – how does this work?

animation

Fractional distillation

The mixture can be split into simpler fractions by fractional distillation (animation)

The properties of the fractions

interactive fractions weblink

Check!

Now let’s check your understanding:

Check

Check!

Can you:

recall that crude oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons

describe how the process of fractional distillation can be used to separate the hydrocarbons in crude oil into the fractions refinery gases, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, fuel oil and bitumen

describe the physical properties and uses of the main fractions

recall that fractional distillation of crude oil produces more long-chain and fewer short-chain hydrocarbons than required