What is GIS and How Can It Help Me?

Jaime Nieves Ignacio Vázquez

esri spain

European User Conference Madrid 2011 esri

«Knowing where things are, and why, is essential to rational decision making.»

Jack Dangermond Esri President & Founder

YOU CAN DO WITH YOUR

A LOT MORE

Intelligence

Data Applications

Hardware Knowledge

Software

GIS GIS

Intelligence

Data Applications

Hardware Knowledge

Software

GIS GIS

Geographic Information System

Geographic Information System

…with a spatial component

…for capturing, managing, analyzing and understanding information…

A set of software, hardware and data…

Geographic Information System

…with a spatial component

…for capturing, managing, analyzing and understanding information…

A set of software, hardware and data…

A GIS integrates hardware, software and data

to capture, manage, analyze and visualize

any kind of information with a geographic component.

«You do not really understand something unless you can explain it to your grandmother.»

Albert Einstein

Theoretical Physicist, unfortunately not related to GIS

Everyone as a part of a GIS

Redefining your view of GIS

Unemployment

Population

Income

GIS defined by its use

Workflow and productivity improvement

Build up a reference information base

Efficiency improvement

Decision-making support

Performance and accounting measurement support

Generation of revenue

Social content

GIS in our day-to-day life

GIS in our day-to-day life

Powering GIS

Tens of users

Hundreds of users

Thousands of users

Millions of users

Research

GIS Professionals

GIS Users

Society

A few practical applications

Restaurants Hotels Streets Roads Rivers Parcels Vegetation Water bodies Elevation Imagery

Reality

GIS modelling our world

Conceptual workflow

Geometry Data

Rules Parcel No. Type Address

9856101 C López de Hoyos9856102 C Antonio Salces9856103 A América9856104 P Prosperidad9856105 C Luis Cabrera9856106 C Santa Hortensia

Three perspectives

Map

Data

Models

The Data

• A single data repository: the Geodatabase • Every geographic dataset,

business logic and behavior

The Map

• A set of geometric features that represents a geographic reality.

• A ‘window’ for exploring the data.

The Model

• Analysis tools that creates new geographic information from existing data.

“

In short, a GIS is…

An information system (hardware, software, data)

to any geographical datasets

which enables us to apply lots of analysis models

for generating derived information

that can be visualized as maps.

A Geographic Information System helps us understand our world,

answer questions about our environment and support us during decision-making.

Using spatial data –the traditional way

Databases Files Services

ArcGIS Desktop

ArcGIS Explorer

Using spatial data –the traditional way

Databases Files Services

ArcGIS Desktop

ArcGIS Explorer

Client Level

Data Level

Data

Geodatabase

• Centralized data repository

• Spatial relationships

• Multi-user access

• Versioning

• Security

• Scalability Dimensions

Parcels

Networks Survey

Addresses

Annotation Vectors

3D Objects

Topology

CAD Imagery

Terrain

Attibutes

Symbology Geodatabase

Data Layers

Streets

Data

Data Layers

Parcels / Building footprints

Data

Data Layers

Water pipes

Data

Data Layers

Hydrants

Data

Data Layers

Fire risk

Topologic integration

Data

• Branch of mathematics that studies geometry from a qualitative perspective.

• Topology describes the geometric relationships of a given space.

“

Topology

A topologist is someone that can’t distinguish between a

cup of coffe and a doughnut

Data

Topology in our GIS

• Defines the way different point, line or polygon layers relate each other geometrically.

Two parcels can’t overlap

Two contour lines can’t intersect

Buildings must be within parcels

Data

Behavior in our GIS

• Geometric features may have properties that represent geographic objects.

Cadaster (parcels, boundaries, nodes )

Street network (edges, junctions, turns, impedances)

Data

Data

Where to find data

• ArcGIS.com - Free basemaps

- Map templates

- User Services

- Data packages

- Social Network

• resources.esri.com - Code samples

- References & Forums

- Online Help

Geographic Data

Clients

• Visualization • Database query • Data preparation • Edit • Analysis / Modelling • Mapping

Client

Client

Multiple users

Desktop ArcMap ArcGIS Explorer ArcReader

Mobile ArcGIS for iOS ArcGIS for Android ArcGIS for WPS ArcGIS Mobile ArcPad

Web REST Flex Silverlight Javascript

GIS Analysis

Two-tier architecture

Databases Files Services

ArcGIS Desktop

ArcGIS Explorer

Client Level

Data Level

Two-tier architecture

Databases Files Services

ArcGIS Desktop

ArcGIS Explorer

Service-Oriented Architecture

Databases Files Services

ArcGIS Desktop ArcGIS Explorer Mobile devices Web Browsers

ArcGIS for Server

Corporate Apps.

Cloud GIS

Three-tier architecture

Databases Files Services

ArcGIS Desktop ArcGIS Explorer Mobile devices Web Browsers

ArcGIS for Server

Corporate Apps.

Cloud GIS

Client Level

Server Level

Data Level

GIS Services

ArcGIS for Server Services

SOAP

REST

KML

OGC

MXD

Server

Create Share Use

Service-oriented architecture

Ce

Central

Area

Department

Publish

Server

Web 2.0

Web 2.0

Communities

Blogs

P2P

Wikis

Albums

RSS

On-line applications

Geolocation

Folksonomies

Server

Powering GIS

Tens of users

Hundreds of users

Thousands of users

Millions of users

Research

GIS Professionals

GIS Users

Society Server

Intelligent Web Maps

A GIS is…

An information system (hardware, software, data)

to any set of geographic data

that allows us to apply lots of analysis models

in order to generate derived information

that can be explored as a map.

Geographic Information Systems…

…help us understand reality…

…answer questions about our world…

…and support us during decission-making.

A piece of advice…

Where to begin

«The application of GIS is limited only by the imagination of those who use it.»

Jack Dangermond Esri President & Founder

Thank You